Author: Clayton Reed Mulvihill
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
H2O time-histories were studied within the H2/O2 system using a tunable diode laser system and a pressure-driven shock tube. Stoichiometric H2/O2 mixtures were prepared in high amounts of argon dilution. The mixtures were heated using a shock tube with a driver length of 3.04 m, a driven length of 6.78 m, and an inner diameter of 16.2 cm. A tunable diode laser (TDL) was used to measure H2O concentration near the endwall region of the shock tube after the passage of the reflected shock wave, 1.6 cm from the endwall. Both the incident and transmitted beam intensities were measured using IR photodetectors. The laser was tuned to access the H2O transition at 7204 cm−1. Experiments in the H2/O2 system were performed from 1100 to 1500 K and at an average pressure of 2.8 atm. The experimental results were compared with a mechanism from Hong et al. (2011). Preliminary results show good agreement in ignition delay time between experiment and model. A computer routine was created to modify the absorption coefficient as a function of temperature to account for the temperature variation during the experiment due to the chemical reaction. After rescaling, the corrected H2O profiles showed excellent agreement with the chemical kinetics model. Topics related to mechanism validation, the potential effects of impurities, and measurement accuracy are also addressed in the thesis. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155232
Shock-Tube Time-History Measurements of H2O in the H2/O2 System Using IR Laser Absorption Spectroscopy
Author: Clayton Reed Mulvihill
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
H2O time-histories were studied within the H2/O2 system using a tunable diode laser system and a pressure-driven shock tube. Stoichiometric H2/O2 mixtures were prepared in high amounts of argon dilution. The mixtures were heated using a shock tube with a driver length of 3.04 m, a driven length of 6.78 m, and an inner diameter of 16.2 cm. A tunable diode laser (TDL) was used to measure H2O concentration near the endwall region of the shock tube after the passage of the reflected shock wave, 1.6 cm from the endwall. Both the incident and transmitted beam intensities were measured using IR photodetectors. The laser was tuned to access the H2O transition at 7204 cm−1. Experiments in the H2/O2 system were performed from 1100 to 1500 K and at an average pressure of 2.8 atm. The experimental results were compared with a mechanism from Hong et al. (2011). Preliminary results show good agreement in ignition delay time between experiment and model. A computer routine was created to modify the absorption coefficient as a function of temperature to account for the temperature variation during the experiment due to the chemical reaction. After rescaling, the corrected H2O profiles showed excellent agreement with the chemical kinetics model. Topics related to mechanism validation, the potential effects of impurities, and measurement accuracy are also addressed in the thesis. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155232
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
H2O time-histories were studied within the H2/O2 system using a tunable diode laser system and a pressure-driven shock tube. Stoichiometric H2/O2 mixtures were prepared in high amounts of argon dilution. The mixtures were heated using a shock tube with a driver length of 3.04 m, a driven length of 6.78 m, and an inner diameter of 16.2 cm. A tunable diode laser (TDL) was used to measure H2O concentration near the endwall region of the shock tube after the passage of the reflected shock wave, 1.6 cm from the endwall. Both the incident and transmitted beam intensities were measured using IR photodetectors. The laser was tuned to access the H2O transition at 7204 cm−1. Experiments in the H2/O2 system were performed from 1100 to 1500 K and at an average pressure of 2.8 atm. The experimental results were compared with a mechanism from Hong et al. (2011). Preliminary results show good agreement in ignition delay time between experiment and model. A computer routine was created to modify the absorption coefficient as a function of temperature to account for the temperature variation during the experiment due to the chemical reaction. After rescaling, the corrected H2O profiles showed excellent agreement with the chemical kinetics model. Topics related to mechanism validation, the potential effects of impurities, and measurement accuracy are also addressed in the thesis. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155232
Mathematical Modelling of Gas-Phase Complex Reaction Systems: Pyrolysis and Combustion
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444640886
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1034
Book Description
Mathematical Modelling of Gas-Phase Complex Reaction Systems: Pyrolysis and Combustion, Volume 45, gives an overview of the different steps involved in the development and application of detailed kinetic mechanisms, mainly relating to pyrolysis and combustion processes. The book is divided into two parts that cover the chemistry and kinetic models and then the numerical and statistical methods. It offers a comprehensive coverage of the theory and tools needed, along with the steps necessary for practical and industrial applications. Details thermochemical properties and "ab initio" calculations of elementary reaction rates Details kinetic mechanisms of pyrolysis and combustion processes Explains experimental data for improving reaction models and for kinetic mechanisms assessment Describes surrogate fuels and molecular reconstruction of hydrocarbon liquid mixtures Describes pollutant formation in combustion systems Solves and validates the kinetic mechanisms using numerical and statistical methods Outlines optimal design of industrial burners and optimization and dynamic control of pyrolysis furnaces Outlines large eddy simulation of turbulent reacting flows
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444640886
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1034
Book Description
Mathematical Modelling of Gas-Phase Complex Reaction Systems: Pyrolysis and Combustion, Volume 45, gives an overview of the different steps involved in the development and application of detailed kinetic mechanisms, mainly relating to pyrolysis and combustion processes. The book is divided into two parts that cover the chemistry and kinetic models and then the numerical and statistical methods. It offers a comprehensive coverage of the theory and tools needed, along with the steps necessary for practical and industrial applications. Details thermochemical properties and "ab initio" calculations of elementary reaction rates Details kinetic mechanisms of pyrolysis and combustion processes Explains experimental data for improving reaction models and for kinetic mechanisms assessment Describes surrogate fuels and molecular reconstruction of hydrocarbon liquid mixtures Describes pollutant formation in combustion systems Solves and validates the kinetic mechanisms using numerical and statistical methods Outlines optimal design of industrial burners and optimization and dynamic control of pyrolysis furnaces Outlines large eddy simulation of turbulent reacting flows
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 804
Book Description
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 804
Book Description
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
A Shock Tube Study of the H2/O2/CO/Ar and H2/N2O/CO/Ar Systems
Author: Anthony M. Dean
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 33
Book Description
Emissions at 450 nm and 4.27 micrometers have been measured when a variety of mixtures containing H2, CO, either O2 or N2O, and Ar were heated behind reflected shock waves to temperatures of 2000-2850 K and total concentrations near 5 x 10 to the 18th power molecule/cc. These emissions were used to obtain absolute concentration - time data for both oxygen atoms and carbon dioxide. The data were then compared to the results of numerical integrations of the likely mechanisms. It was observed that quantitative agreement between calculations and observations were obtained for the H2/CO/O2/Ar system using recent high temperature literature rate constants. For the H2/CO/N2O/Ar system, the rate constant for the reaction: H + N2O yields N2 + OH was adjusted so as to fit the data. Here it was found that a good fit to both (O) and (CO2) profiles could be achieved with k = 3 x 10 to the -9th power exp( -113kJ/RT) cc/molecule. Comparison to data at lower temperatures suggests that this might be another example of a 'Non-Arrhenius' rate constant. The implications of these results to studies of hydrocarbon oxidation are discussed. (Author).
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 33
Book Description
Emissions at 450 nm and 4.27 micrometers have been measured when a variety of mixtures containing H2, CO, either O2 or N2O, and Ar were heated behind reflected shock waves to temperatures of 2000-2850 K and total concentrations near 5 x 10 to the 18th power molecule/cc. These emissions were used to obtain absolute concentration - time data for both oxygen atoms and carbon dioxide. The data were then compared to the results of numerical integrations of the likely mechanisms. It was observed that quantitative agreement between calculations and observations were obtained for the H2/CO/O2/Ar system using recent high temperature literature rate constants. For the H2/CO/N2O/Ar system, the rate constant for the reaction: H + N2O yields N2 + OH was adjusted so as to fit the data. Here it was found that a good fit to both (O) and (CO2) profiles could be achieved with k = 3 x 10 to the -9th power exp( -113kJ/RT) cc/molecule. Comparison to data at lower temperatures suggests that this might be another example of a 'Non-Arrhenius' rate constant. The implications of these results to studies of hydrocarbon oxidation are discussed. (Author).
Shock-tube Diagnostics Utilizing Laser Raman Spectroscopy
Author: Anthony A. Boiarski
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gas dynamics
Languages : en
Pages : 100
Book Description
The laser Raman scattering technique shows potential as a diagnostic method for determining the chemical and thermodynamic state of high-temperature gases. To investigate the utility of this technique for shock-tube diagnostics, and to validate the method at known elevated temperatures, vibrational Raman intensities were measured behind an incident shock wave. Intensity history data through the wave front, vibrational excitation times of oxygen in air, along with temperature and density measurements for oxygen and nitrogen in air were obtained over a range of postshock conditions. The measured densities and temperatures were found to be in good agreement with shock-wave theory. An excitation time measurement also agreed well with shock-tube data obtained with other diagnostic methods. In general, the results indicated that the Raman scattering technique was accurate at elevated temperatures and should prove useful in determining the thermochemical state of gases in continuous flows as well as in shock tubes and other impulse facilities.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gas dynamics
Languages : en
Pages : 100
Book Description
The laser Raman scattering technique shows potential as a diagnostic method for determining the chemical and thermodynamic state of high-temperature gases. To investigate the utility of this technique for shock-tube diagnostics, and to validate the method at known elevated temperatures, vibrational Raman intensities were measured behind an incident shock wave. Intensity history data through the wave front, vibrational excitation times of oxygen in air, along with temperature and density measurements for oxygen and nitrogen in air were obtained over a range of postshock conditions. The measured densities and temperatures were found to be in good agreement with shock-wave theory. An excitation time measurement also agreed well with shock-tube data obtained with other diagnostic methods. In general, the results indicated that the Raman scattering technique was accurate at elevated temperatures and should prove useful in determining the thermochemical state of gases in continuous flows as well as in shock tubes and other impulse facilities.
Experimental Investigation of Attenuation of Strong Shock Waves in a Shock Tube with Hydrogen and Helium as Driver Gases
Author: Jim J. Jones
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Helium
Languages : en
Pages : 716
Book Description
An experimental investigation has been made of the attenuation of strong shock waves in air in a shock tube. Time-history measurements were made of the static pressure at several stations in the wall of the tube. The internal diameter of the tube is 3.75 inches. shock-wave-velocity data were taken for a distance along the tube of about 120 feet.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Helium
Languages : en
Pages : 716
Book Description
An experimental investigation has been made of the attenuation of strong shock waves in air in a shock tube. Time-history measurements were made of the static pressure at several stations in the wall of the tube. The internal diameter of the tube is 3.75 inches. shock-wave-velocity data were taken for a distance along the tube of about 120 feet.
Springer Handbook of Experimental Fluid Mechanics
Author: Cameron Tropea
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540251413
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1570
Book Description
Accompanying DVD-ROM contains ... "all chapters of the Springer Handbook."--Page 3 of cover.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540251413
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1570
Book Description
Accompanying DVD-ROM contains ... "all chapters of the Springer Handbook."--Page 3 of cover.
The Shock Tube in High-temperature Chemical Physics
Author: Alfred Gordon Gaydon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 344
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 344
Book Description
Shock-tube Study of the Reaction H + O2 + Ar [rightward-pointing Arrow] HO2 + Ar
Author: Casimir J. Jachimowski
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical kinetics
Languages : en
Pages : 20
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical kinetics
Languages : en
Pages : 20
Book Description
Shock Tube Study of Hydrogen/oxygen Ignition Kinetics Via Laser Absorption
Author: Brian Morgan Spahnie
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description