Selection of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Genotypes with Enhanced Drought Tolerance and Biological Nitrogen Fixation PDF Download
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Author: Jorge Alberto Acosta-Gallegos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Kidney bean
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
Author: Jorge Alberto Acosta-Gallegos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Kidney bean
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
Author: Maurice D. Yabba
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Common bean
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Author: Jorge Elizondo-Barron
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 186
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Book Description
Author: S.P. Singh
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940159211X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 413
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Book Description
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ) is the most important pulse crop in the world. It is an important source of calories, proteins, dietary fibers, minerals, and vitamins for millions of people in both developing and developed countries worldwide. It complements cereals and other carbohydrate-rich foods in providing near-perfect nutrition to people of all ages. Moreover, a regular intake ofbeans helps lower cholesterol and cancer risks. Despite the fact that per capita consumption of common bean in some developed countries (e. g. , the U. S. A. ) has been increasing over the last several years, in general, the average global per capita consumption is declining because production is unable to keep up with the population growth. Moreover, increasing demand for pesticide-free food products, concern for natural resources conservation, and the need to reduce production costs offer daunting challenges to the twenty-first century policy makers, bean growers, and researchers alike. High yielding, high quality bean cultivars that require less water, fertilizers, pesticides, and manual labor combined with integrated management of abiotic and biotic stresses will have to be developed. Eminent bean researchers were invited to contemplate these issues, prepare a state-of-the-art account on most relevant topics, and offer their insight into research directions into the twenty-first century. Four excellent books have been published covering various aspects ofthe common bean since 1980. These books are: I) Bean Production Problems nd in the Tropics (l SI ed. 1980, 2 ed. 1989), H. F. Schwartz & M. A.
Author: Setegn Gebeyehu
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3867270384
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 131
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Author: Irene Christiansen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Author: Virginia Kapachika Chisale
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Common bean is one of the most important legume crops especially in developing countries like eastern and southern Africa. Though bean is important in these areas its production is affected by a number of abiotic stresses including low soil fertility and drought. However, in these countries the population growth rate is increasing therefore, there is need to find mechanisms to increase crop productivity. Previous studies on bean roots have shown that bean genotypes vary for root phenotypes, which enhance drought and low phosphorus tolerance. These traits include basal root whorl number, basal root number, adventitious roots, root etiolation, root growth angle and root hairs. These traits can be regulated by genes, by the environment or both. In Africa farmers have different preferences for different bean genotypes depending on color, seed size, resistant to stresses and maturity period. Hence in developing new bean cultivars, farmer's preferences should be taken into consideration. In this study we evaluated phenotypic variation for a number of root traits and their relation to phosphorus uptake. The genotypes which we evaluated in this study were first screened in another study, which evaluated bean genotypes for superior adaptation to low soil fertility and drought, this study was the Bean Improvement for Low Soil Fertility in Africa (BILFA) program. These genotypes were found to have varying performance under low soil fertility and drought. From that BILFA study we selected eleven genotypes to be used in our study and four non-BILFA genotypes making a total of fifteen genotypes. These non-BILFA lines are commercial cultivars in Malawi. Our study included both greenhouse and field experiments. The fifteen genotypes were phenotyped for root traits. Our data from the phenotyping study showed that the existing cultivars had less basal root whorl number compared to the BILFA lines. In an attempt to improve the adaptation of these cultivars to low phosphorus availability, we attempted to increase their basal root whorl number by hybridization between these commercial varieties, which have one whorl with four whorled genotypes.
Author: Eninka John Mndolwa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 215
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Book Description
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important food legume cultivated in all major continental areas. Low soil fertility in particular low nitrogen (N), low phosphorus (P) and drought stresses are the major limitations to dry bean production in developing countries. Identifying genotypes representing new and diverse sources for low soil fertility and drought stress in Andean diversity panel (ADP) will contribute toward breeding for bean productivity in developing countries. A panel of 268 genotypes and varieties were evaluated from 2013 -- 2015 in Tanzania and Washington (WA). Phenotypic traits measured included days to flowering maturity, harvest maturity, canopy height (cm), plant biomass rating (1-9), root and shoot dry weight (g), number of nodules per plant, pod harvest index (PHI), seed weight (g 100 seeds-1), pods plant-1, seeds pod-1, and seed yield (kg ha-1). In Tanzania, yield was significantly influenced by yield component traits and partitioning traits. Yield obtained from bean with bush growth habit was significantly higher than vine under low soil fertility. In WA, results indicate that genotypes with vine growth habit had some level of tolerance to drought stress compared to bush type. Canopy height, biomass, flowering maturity and harvest maturity significantly influenced yield. Significant environment (E), genotype (G) and genotype x environment (GE) effects on seed yield were detected using GGE-Biplot analysis. Four ADP genotypes in Tanzania and four genotypes in WA were identified as stable across environments thus will be useful in breeding for general adaptation. GWAS analysis identified QTL for most of the traits measured under low soil fertility and drought stress. These QTL were distributed across all eleven chromosomes and provide preliminary information for traits affected by stress. Results for glasshouse experiment for Phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) indicate variation among all traits measured which included shoot biomass (g), shoot P (mg kg-1), root P (mg kg-1), seed P (mg kg-1) and seed yield. The trait values increased with increasing P levels. It was observed that genotypes with higher PUE under limiting P may be useful for improving bean productivity under such condition.
Author: Consuelo E. Estevez
Publisher: INIAP Archivo Historico
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Author: Philippe Monneveux
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
ISBN: 2889191818
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
This topic is a unique attempt to simultaneously tackle theoretical and practical aspects in drought phenotyping, through both crop-specific and cross-cutting approaches. It is designed for – and will be of use to – practitioners and postgraduate students in plant science, who are grappling with the challenging task of evaluating germplasm performance under different water regimes. In Part I, different methodologies are presented for accurately characterising environmental conditions, implementing trials, and capturing and analysing the information this generates, regardless of the crop. Part II presents the state-of-art in research on adaptation to drought, and recommends specific protocols to measure different traits in major food crops (focusing on particular cereals, legumes and clonal crops). The topic is part of the CGIAR Generation Challenge Programme’s efforts to disseminate crop research information, tools and protocols, for improving characterisation of environments and phenotyping conditions. The goal is to enhance expertise in testing locations, and to stimulate the development and use of traits related to drought tolerance, as well as innovative protocols for crop characterisation and breeding.
