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Author: Clifford Richardson
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9780428806552
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
Excerpt from Science in the Service of Highway Construction The grades Of the road are carefully studied and laid out in the most favorable manner by an engineer so as to make it as level and straight as possible with due regard to the economics of the problem. Corresponding to these grades the subsoil foundation or subgrade of the road is constructed either by cuts or fills, so thatits surface is at a depth below the surface of the road as it is to be finished corresponding to the thickness of the compressed material to be built up thereon. The subgrade must be so prepared, especially in fills, by the use Of proper material and thorough rolling with a steam roller, that it is absolutely stable and rigid, and will not be thrown out of shape by frost. The preparation Of the subgrade is one of the most important points in good road construction and, although it is purely a structural problem, it is too Often neglected or passed over without sufficient consideration and care. It can be readily understood that the rigidity and wearing character of a road can be no greater than that Of the subgrade which supports its surface. Upon the subgrade the road itself is built, or a further foundation may be constructed upon it, if the conditions seem to demand it, that is to say, there are, two types of broken-stone roads, one commonly called a macadam and the other a telford road. In the former the broken stone is placed directly on the subgrade and in the latter, from considerations of the character Of the subsoil or of that of the traffic on the road, on a further foundation constructed, as described by Mr. Austin B. Fletcher, as follows: A satisfactory telford foundation may be made by placing vertically on a layer of gravel, 2 or more inches in depth, stones of fairly uniform size, not exceeding 10 inches in width, 6 inches in depth, and varying in length from 6 to 20 inches. The stones should be set on their broadest edges, lengthwise across the road, and wedged rigidly into position by smaller stones driven by mauls into the interstices between the telford stones. The projecting points should be broken Off with stone hammers, the depressions filled with chips, and the telford rolled with a steam roller until it is true to the desired cross section. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Clifford Richardson
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9780428806552
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
Excerpt from Science in the Service of Highway Construction The grades Of the road are carefully studied and laid out in the most favorable manner by an engineer so as to make it as level and straight as possible with due regard to the economics of the problem. Corresponding to these grades the subsoil foundation or subgrade of the road is constructed either by cuts or fills, so thatits surface is at a depth below the surface of the road as it is to be finished corresponding to the thickness of the compressed material to be built up thereon. The subgrade must be so prepared, especially in fills, by the use Of proper material and thorough rolling with a steam roller, that it is absolutely stable and rigid, and will not be thrown out of shape by frost. The preparation Of the subgrade is one of the most important points in good road construction and, although it is purely a structural problem, it is too Often neglected or passed over without sufficient consideration and care. It can be readily understood that the rigidity and wearing character of a road can be no greater than that Of the subgrade which supports its surface. Upon the subgrade the road itself is built, or a further foundation may be constructed upon it, if the conditions seem to demand it, that is to say, there are, two types of broken-stone roads, one commonly called a macadam and the other a telford road. In the former the broken stone is placed directly on the subgrade and in the latter, from considerations of the character Of the subsoil or of that of the traffic on the road, on a further foundation constructed, as described by Mr. Austin B. Fletcher, as follows: A satisfactory telford foundation may be made by placing vertically on a layer of gravel, 2 or more inches in depth, stones of fairly uniform size, not exceeding 10 inches in width, 6 inches in depth, and varying in length from 6 to 20 inches. The stones should be set on their broadest edges, lengthwise across the road, and wedged rigidly into position by smaller stones driven by mauls into the interstices between the telford stones. The projecting points should be broken Off with stone hammers, the depressions filled with chips, and the telford rolled with a steam roller until it is true to the desired cross section. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Clifford Richardson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Roads
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Clemens Herschel
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9780364571316
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Book Description
Excerpt from The Science of Road Making: Construction and Maintenance of Roads The Romans built all of their roads in perfectly straight lines, up hill and down, at a very great expense, as being absolutely the shortest distance between two points. At a later period in history, it was argued that a road must be winding to be agreeable, and many were so built only for this reason. The modern road builder or engineer in general, ignores any such considerations, and has for his aim only to achieve the most, at the least present and future expense. As regards curves in roads in a hilly or mountainous district, we have then the rules never to make a smaller radius than 20 feet, and that only in extraordinary cases. On roads where long log ging or other wagons may be expected, the smallest radius ought to be 50 or 60 feet; and, in general, 40 - 45 feet is none too much. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: J. L. Harrison
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781332153732
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
Excerpt from Management and Methods in Concrete Highway Construction The construction of a concrete pavement is a manufacturing process in which labor and machinery are used to handle, treat, and place in final position those materials which are the necessary ingredients of the pavement. The contractor's problem is to obtain a profit from this work. He desires to do good work. Commonly he is willing to follow any reasonable course of action in order to secure good work. Nevertheless, his primary objective is profit. This he must have or he must go out of business. But the question of whether an operation will yield a good profit or net a serious loss is largely dependent on the skill with which the labor he employs and the equipment he owns are used. For this reason, the management of production and the use of appropriate production methods are of paramount importance to contractors and to their superintendents. A discussion of these matters should also be of value to designing engineers in that a more complete knowledge of the elements which affect cost should enable them to give a broader consideration to these matters when design and specifications are under consideration. Construction engineers and inspectors also will find a knowledge of the principles of production management and of good construction practice of assistance, for, though their primary objective is quality, a knowledge of the principles and the practices of efficient management should make it a simpler matter to secure the desired quality without endangering the contractor's profit. This discussion of the management of production and of appropriate methods has, then, been prepared primarily for contractors and their superintendents, and for engineers who are dealing with the various phases of concrete pavement construction. On this account, it has been possible to eliminate many of the details which would be desirable in a book especially prepared for the instruction of men unfamiliar with the technique of this work. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Austin T. Byrne
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781332737482
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 86
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Book Description
Excerpt from Highway Construction, Vol. 1: Instruction Paper Object of Roads. The object of a road is to provide a way for the transportation of persons and goods from one place to another with the least expenditure of power and expense. The facility with which this traffic or transportation may be conducted over any given road depends upon the resistance offered to the movement of vehicles. This resistance is composed of: (1) The resistance offered by the roadway, which consists of (a) friction between the surface of the road and the wheel tires; (b) resistance offered to the rolling of the wheels, occasioned by the want of uniformity in the road surface, or lack of strength to resist the penetrating efforts of loaded wheels, thus requiring the load to be lifted over projecting points and out of hollows and ruts, thereby diminishing the effective load the horse may draw to such as it can lift. This resistance is called resistance to rolling or penetration; (c) resistance due to gravity called grade resistance; (2) The resistance offered by vehicles, termed axle friction; (3) Resistance of the air. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: T. R. Agg
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9780266237037
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 476
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Book Description
Excerpt from The Construction of Roads and Pavements Since the publication of the first edition of The Construction of Roads and Pavements, considerable progress has been made in the field of highway engineering, especially with regard to the construction of rural highways. In the second edition, the errors and omissions of the first edition have been corrected so far as they have been noted and new material has been added where it was apparent that practice had really changed. However, the unsettled conditions that have recently prevailed in the highway field have made it very difficult to determine what was real progress and what was merely compromise construction due to abnormal conditions. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Austin T. Byrne
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781331970385
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 744
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Book Description
Excerpt from A Treatise on Highway Construction: Designed as a d104-Book and Work of Reference for All Who May Be Engaged in the Location, Construction, or Maintenance of Roads, Streets, and Pavements Although volumes have been written on the subject of highway construction, still the matter is widely scattered through the pages of the standard works on engineering, technical journals and periodicals, in pamphlets and reports of city engineers, and is therefore not always easily accessible when wanted. The author, having found the need of a comprehensive and practical work of reference upon the many subjects connected with highways, has in the following pages endeavored to collate the varied mass of information. In doing so he has derived valuable assistance from the works of the authors mentioned below (which works may be profitably studied by those desiring further information upon the subjects treated of), and takes this method of acknowledging his indebtedness and thanks, instead of inclosing every extract in quotation-marks. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Frederick P. Spalding
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781332431366
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Book Description
Excerpt from d104-Book on Roads and Pavements New: On MM About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: John M. Goodell
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781332021192
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
Excerpt from The Location, Construction, and Maintenance of Roads In the summer of 1916, several State highway engineers reported to the American Highway Association that there was need of a concise explanation of the best current practice in locating, constructing and maintaining country roads, not combined with information about city pavements. It was found by these engineers that the information in many excellent engineering treatises proved confusing to rural road officials because they did not have sufficient technical knowledge to draw a line between what was applicable to country highways and what was restricted to urban conditions. Inquiry showed that such an outline of road-building would be welcomed by the road officials of other States, and the preparation of this book was accordingly begun. Highway engineers in all parts of the country generously contributed material and advice. Special attention was paid to ascertaining reasons for unusual methods, in order to avoid the publication of anything useful only in restricted localities and possibly leading to trouble if tried generally. The purpose was to furnish information of a national value rather than an expression of the views of a few individuals, who inevitably have personal preferences and prejudices. As each section was finished it was submitted for criticism to engineers or chemists with special knowledge of the subjects discussed, and most of the chapters formed by combining these revised sections were sent out to other engineers for further criticism. Some of the chapters were revised a number of times before they were finally approved. As a consequence, although my name appears as the author on the title page, the book is rather the product of the cooperation of over fifty of the leading American highway engineers and the patient and intelligent handling of the details of the work by Miss Isabelle Stockett, at the time chief clerk of the America Highway Association. This book appeared originally as Part II of the 1917 Good Roads Year Book. Its wide circulation, the many references to it in technical journals, and its use as a textbook by engineering colleges, indicating that the volume had won a distinct position in technical literature, led the Directors of the American Highway Association to assign the copyright to the D. Van Nostrand Company, when the Association was dissolved a few days ago. By this action the results of the cooperative labors of so many specialists will remain available to the public. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Institute of Consulting Engineers
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9781334762291
Category : Reference
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Book Description
Excerpt from Abstract of Discussion on the Subject of the Principles and Broad Economics of Highway Design and Construction: At a Special Meeting Held October 13th, 1920 In no other department of Engineering, has so little been done in the investigation by accurate scientific research and experiment, of the basic facts and principles relating to high way design and construction. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
