Role of Exercise in Macrophage Polarization of Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Hypertensive Mice Model PDF Download
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Author: Venkata Sai Usha Sri Polaki
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Adipose tissues
Languages : en
Pages : 82
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Book Description
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. It can lead to severe health complications and increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and sometimes death. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is known as the adipose tissue (AT) surrounding all the blood vessels and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of the vascular disease. In vascular pathologies, PVAT increases in volume and becomes dysfunctional, with altered cellular composition and molecular characteristics. Macrophages have been found to accumulate in PVAT during hypertension, which might be involved in the inflammation of hypertension. Inflammation has been shown to play an important role in hypertension; however, the exact mechanisms by which the activated immune cells partly lead to the development and maintenance of hypertension remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study is to determine the role of exercise in the inflammation of AT and PVAT by modulating the polarization of macrophages in hypertensive mice. Renin transgenic (R+) mice have been used as a hypertensive mice model. The PVAT, AT, and plasma samples were collected for the analysis of inflammatory cytokines, macrophages isolation, and polarization. The release of cytokines from AT and PVAT was determined by ELISA and the release of cytokines from plasma was determined by bio plex cytokine analysis. Our ELISA results did not show the changes of exercise on the release of cytokines in AT but could decrease the pro-inflammatory cytokines in PVAT. While our flow cytometry results showed that exercise affected the macrophage polarization in adipose tissue but not in PVAT. Cytokine analysis of plasma samples showed a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-g and IL-6, as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-13, while an increase in IL-10 was noted, which might be related to effects of exercise by alleviating the release of cytokines. Very interestingly, we found that exercise also decreased vascular remodeling in the aorta. In conclusion, our data suggest that exercise might have effects on alleviating inflammation and modulating the polarization of macrophages in AT and PVAT of R+ mice. Further studies and more animal numbers are needed to confirm the protective effect of exercise in modulating the macrophage polarization in the hypertensive mice model.
Author: Venkata Sai Usha Sri Polaki
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Adipose tissues
Languages : en
Pages : 82
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Book Description
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. It can lead to severe health complications and increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and sometimes death. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is known as the adipose tissue (AT) surrounding all the blood vessels and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of the vascular disease. In vascular pathologies, PVAT increases in volume and becomes dysfunctional, with altered cellular composition and molecular characteristics. Macrophages have been found to accumulate in PVAT during hypertension, which might be involved in the inflammation of hypertension. Inflammation has been shown to play an important role in hypertension; however, the exact mechanisms by which the activated immune cells partly lead to the development and maintenance of hypertension remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study is to determine the role of exercise in the inflammation of AT and PVAT by modulating the polarization of macrophages in hypertensive mice. Renin transgenic (R+) mice have been used as a hypertensive mice model. The PVAT, AT, and plasma samples were collected for the analysis of inflammatory cytokines, macrophages isolation, and polarization. The release of cytokines from AT and PVAT was determined by ELISA and the release of cytokines from plasma was determined by bio plex cytokine analysis. Our ELISA results did not show the changes of exercise on the release of cytokines in AT but could decrease the pro-inflammatory cytokines in PVAT. While our flow cytometry results showed that exercise affected the macrophage polarization in adipose tissue but not in PVAT. Cytokine analysis of plasma samples showed a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-g and IL-6, as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-13, while an increase in IL-10 was noted, which might be related to effects of exercise by alleviating the release of cytokines. Very interestingly, we found that exercise also decreased vascular remodeling in the aorta. In conclusion, our data suggest that exercise might have effects on alleviating inflammation and modulating the polarization of macrophages in AT and PVAT of R+ mice. Further studies and more animal numbers are needed to confirm the protective effect of exercise in modulating the macrophage polarization in the hypertensive mice model.
Author: Gianluca Iacobellis
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030405702
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 191
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Book Description
This book is the first authoritative and comprehensive volume dedicated to epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). It provides an up-to-date and highly illustrated synopsis of the anatomical, biomolecular, genetic, imaging features, and clinical applications of EAT and its role in cardiovascular disease. It relays to the reader a contemporary view of the emerging interplay between the heart and adiposity-related diseases. In addition, this volume discusses the clinical implications and therapeutic targets of EAT in atrial fibrillation, heart failure and coronary artery disease. Comprehensive yet focused, Epicardial Adipose Tissue: From Cell to Clinic is an essential resource for physicians, residents, fellows, and medical students in cardiology, endocrinology, primary care, and health promotion and disease prevention.
Author: Todd Leff
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9783527629534
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 530
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Book Description
This timely and most comprehensive reference available on the topic covers all the different aspects vital in the fight against the global obesity epidemic. Following a look at adipose tissue development and morphology, the authors go on to examine its metabolic and endocrine functions and its role in disease. The final section deals with comparative and evolutionary aspects of the tissue. The result is an essential resource for cell and molecular biologists, physiologists, biochemists, pharmacologists, and those working in the pharmaceutical industry.
Author: Saverio Cinti
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788885030329
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
Author: Peter Lanzer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783642370779
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 5004
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Book Description
Vascular management and care has become a truly multidisciplinary enterprise as the number of specialists involved in the treatment of patients with vascular diseases has steadily increased. While in the past, treatments were delivered by individual specialists, in the twenty-first century a team approach is without doubt the most effective strategy. In order to promote professional excellence in this dynamic and rapidly evolving field, a shared knowledge base and interdisciplinary standards need to be established. Pan Vascular Medicine, 2nd edition has been designed to offer such an interdisciplinary platform, providing vascular specialists with state-of-the art descriptive and procedural knowledge. Basic science, diagnostics, and therapy are all comprehensively covered. In a series of succinct, clearly written chapters, renowned specialists introduce and comment on the current international guidelines and present up-to-date reviews of all aspects of vascular care.
Author: Ayse Basak Engin
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331948382X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 618
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Book Description
Due to the resultant health consequences and considerable increase in prevalence, obesity has become a major worldwide health problem. “Obesity and Lipotoxicity” is a comprehensive review of the recent researches to provide a better understanding of the lipotoxicity-related mechanisms of obesity and the potential for the development of new treatment strategies. This book overviews the biochemical pathways leading to obesity-related metabolic disorders that occur subsequent to lipotoxicity. Chapters examine the deleterious effects of nutrient excess at molecular level including the cellular and molecular aspects of breast cancer, resistance to leptin, insulin, adiponectin, and interconnection between the circadian clock and metabolic pathways during high-fat feeding. “Lipotoxicity and Obesity” will be a useful resource for clinicians and basic science researchers, such as biochemists, toxicologists, immunologists, nutritionists, adult and pediatric endocrinologists, cardiologists, as well as students who are thought in this field.
Author: David Gozal
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030655741
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 719
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Book Description
This book provides comprehensive coverage of all aspects related to pediatric sleep and its associated disorders. It addresses the ontogeny and maturational aspects of physiological sleep and circadian rhythms, as well as the effects of sleep on the various organ systems as a function of development. Organized into nine sections, the book begins with a basic introduction to sleep, and proceeds into an extensive coverage of normative sleep and functional homeostasis. Part three then concisely examines the humoral and developmental aspects of sleep, namely the emerging role of metabolic tissue and the intestinal microbiota in regulation. Parts four, five, and six discuss diagnoses methods, techniques in sleep measurement, and specific aspects of pharmacotherapy and ventilator support for the pediatric patient. Various sleep disorders are explored in part seven, followed by an in-depth analysis of obstructive sleep apnea in part eight. The book concludes with discussions on the presence of sleep issues in other disorders such as Down syndrome, obesity, cystic fibrosis, and asthma. Written by recognized leaders in the field, Pediatric Sleep Medicine facilitates an extensive learning experience for practicing physicians who encounter specific sleep-related issues in their practice.
Author: Geoffrey S. Ginsburg
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128006544
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 372
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Book Description
Genomic and Precision Medicine: Primary Care, Third Edition is an invaluable resource on the state-of-the-art tools, technologies and policy issues that are required to fully realize personalized health care in the area of primary care. One of the major areas where genomic and personalized medicine is most active is the realm of the primary care practitioner. Risk, family history, personal genomics and pharmacogenomics are becoming increasingly important to the PCP and their patients, and this book discusses the implications as they relate to primary care practitioners. Presents a comprehensive volume for primary care providers Provides succinct commentary and key learning points that will assist providers with their local needs for the implementation of genomic and personalized medicine Includes a current overview on major opportunities for genomic and personalized medicine in practice Highlights case studies that illustrate the practical use of genomics in the management in patients
Author: Atif B. Awad
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 142009131X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 318
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Book Description
The American Obesity Association identifies obesity's link to numerous medical conditions, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, several cancers, and a host of inflammatory disorders. Evidence indicates that inflammation has more than a corollary relation with obesity; that in fact, obesity itself manifests a low-grade, m
Author: Rob Krams
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198755775
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 347
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Book Description
The ESC Textbook of Vascular Biology is a rich and clearly laid-out guide by leading European scientists providing comprehensive information on vascular physiology, disease, and research.
