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Author: L E MacCarter
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781532721076
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 568
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Book Description
Research Decisions and Estimation with Confidence and Power: This book is about research with an emphasis on inference, sample size, confidence intervals, and a rational approach to power, offered at an affordable price for students everywhere. It explores current controversies in inferential statistics. It deals with sample size estimation for a wide variety of experimental situations. An updated general statistics text/reference that emphasizes the latest approaches to a priori sample size and power Can be used as a text for majors or non-majors in statistics, as a curriculum for any level of statistical training, or as a reference for researchers 560+ pages at a price researchers and students anywhere can afford New material researched from classical and recent literature (extensive citations and index) Avoids the use of the unfortunately common "large," "medium," and "small," which has been discredited for decades, including by the tacit admission of its author, Cohen (1988, p25) Discusses ways to avoid pitfalls due to the lack of robustness of the ANOVA, the fact that data is almost never normal etc.
Author: L E MacCarter
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781532721076
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 568
Get Book Here
Book Description
Research Decisions and Estimation with Confidence and Power: This book is about research with an emphasis on inference, sample size, confidence intervals, and a rational approach to power, offered at an affordable price for students everywhere. It explores current controversies in inferential statistics. It deals with sample size estimation for a wide variety of experimental situations. An updated general statistics text/reference that emphasizes the latest approaches to a priori sample size and power Can be used as a text for majors or non-majors in statistics, as a curriculum for any level of statistical training, or as a reference for researchers 560+ pages at a price researchers and students anywhere can afford New material researched from classical and recent literature (extensive citations and index) Avoids the use of the unfortunately common "large," "medium," and "small," which has been discredited for decades, including by the tacit admission of its author, Cohen (1988, p25) Discusses ways to avoid pitfalls due to the lack of robustness of the ANOVA, the fact that data is almost never normal etc.
Author: Neil J. Salkind
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1412961270
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 1779
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Book Description
"Comprising more than 500 entries, the Encyclopedia of Research Design explains how to make decisions about research design, undertake research projects in an ethical manner, interpret and draw valid inferences from data, and evaluate experiment design strategies and results. Two additional features carry this encyclopedia far above other works in the field: bibliographic entries devoted to significant articles in the history of research design and reviews of contemporary tools, such as software and statistical procedures, used to analyze results. It covers the spectrum of research design strategies, from material presented in introductory classes to topics necessary in graduate research; it addresses cross- and multidisciplinary research needs, with many examples drawn from the social and behavioral sciences, neurosciences, and biomedical and life sciences; it provides summaries of advantages and disadvantages of often-used strategies; and it uses hundreds of sample tables, figures, and equations based on real-life cases."--Publisher's description.
Author: Michael Smithson
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 9780761924999
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
Smithson first introduces the basis of the confidence interval framework and then provides the criteria for "best" confidence intervals, along with the trade-offs between confidence and precision. Next, using a reader-friendly style with lots of worked out examples from various disciplines, he covers such pertinent topics as: the transformation principle whereby a confidence interval for a parameter may be used to construct an interval for any monotonic transformation of that parameter; confidence intervals on distributions whose shape changes with the value of the parameter being estimated; and, the relationship between confidence interval and significance testing frameworks, particularly regarding power.
Author: Douglas Altman
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118702506
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Book Description
This highly popular introduction to confidence intervals has been thoroughly updated and expanded. It includes methods for using confidence intervals, with illustrative worked examples and extensive guidelines and checklists to help the novice.
Author: Julian P. T. Higgins
Publisher: Wiley
ISBN: 9780470699515
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 672
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Book Description
Healthcare providers, consumers, researchers and policy makers are inundated with unmanageable amounts of information, including evidence from healthcare research. It has become impossible for all to have the time and resources to find, appraise and interpret this evidence and incorporate it into healthcare decisions. Cochrane Reviews respond to this challenge by identifying, appraising and synthesizing research-based evidence and presenting it in a standardized format, published in The Cochrane Library (www.thecochranelibrary.com). The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions contains methodological guidance for the preparation and maintenance of Cochrane intervention reviews. Written in a clear and accessible format, it is the essential manual for all those preparing, maintaining and reading Cochrane reviews. Many of the principles and methods described here are appropriate for systematic reviews applied to other types of research and to systematic reviews of interventions undertaken by others. It is hoped therefore that this book will be invaluable to all those who want to understand the role of systematic reviews, critically appraise published reviews or perform reviews themselves.
Author: Patrick Dattalo
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198043082
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
A researcher's decision about the sample to draw in a study may have an enormous impact on the results, and it rests on numerous statistical and practical considerations that can be difficult to juggle. Computer programs help, but no single software package exists that allows researchers to determine sample size across all statistical procedures. This pocket guide shows social work students, educators, and researchers how to prevent some of the mistakes that would result from a wrong sample size decision by describing and critiquing four main approaches to determining sample size. In concise, example-rich chapters, Dattalo covers sample-size determination using power analysis, confidence intervals, computer-intensive strategies, and ethical or cost considerations, as well as techniques for advanced and emerging statistical strategies such as structural equation modeling, multilevel analysis, repeated measures MANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA. He also offers strategies for mitigating pressures to increase sample size when doing so may not be feasible. Whether as an introduction to the process for students or as a refresher for experienced researchers, this practical guide is a perfect overview of a crucial but often overlooked step in empirical social work research.
Author: Jerome L. Myers
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135811636
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 821
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Book Description
Research Design and Statistical Analysis provides comprehensive coverage of the design principles and statistical concepts necessary to make sense of real data. The book’s goal is to provide a strong conceptual foundation to enable readers to generalize concepts to new research situations. Emphasis is placed on the underlying logic and assumptions of the analysis and what it tells the researcher, the limitations of the analysis, and the consequences of violating assumptions. Sampling, design efficiency, and statistical models are emphasized throughout. As per APA recommendations, emphasis is also placed on data exploration, effect size measures, confidence intervals, and using power analyses to determine sample size. "Real-world" data sets are used to illustrate data exploration, analysis, and interpretation. The book offers a rare blend of the underlying statistical assumptions, the consequences of their violations, and practical advice on dealing with them. Changes in the New Edition: Each section of the book concludes with a chapter that provides an integrated example of how to apply the concepts and procedures covered in the chapters of the section. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of alternative designs are discussed. A new chapter (1) reviews the major steps in planning and executing a study, and the implications of those decisions for subsequent analyses and interpretations. A new chapter (13) compares experimental designs to reinforce the connection between design and analysis and to help readers achieve the most efficient research study. A new chapter (27) on common errors in data analysis and interpretation. Increased emphasis on power analyses to determine sample size using the G*Power 3 program. Many new data sets and problems. More examples of the use of SPSS (PASW) Version 17, although the analyses exemplified are readily carried out by any of the major statistical software packages. A companion website with the data used in the text and the exercises in SPSS and Excel formats; SPSS syntax files for performing analyses; extra material on logistic and multiple regression; technical notes that develop some of the formulas; and a solutions manual and the text figures and tables for instructors only. Part 1 reviews research planning, data exploration, and basic concepts in statistics including sampling, hypothesis testing, measures of effect size, estimators, and confidence intervals. Part 2 presents between-subject designs. The statistical models underlying the analysis of variance for these designs are emphasized, along with the role of expected mean squares in estimating effects of variables, the interpretation of nteractions, and procedures for testing contrasts and controlling error rates. Part 3 focuses on repeated-measures designs and considers the advantages and disadvantages of different mixed designs. Part 4 presents detailed coverage of correlation and bivariate and multiple regression with emphasis on interpretation and common errors, and discusses the usefulness and limitations of these procedures as tools for prediction and for developing theory. This is one of the few books with coverage sufficient for a 2-semester course sequence in experimental design and statistics as taught in psychology, education, and other behavioral, social, and health sciences. Incorporating the analyses of both experimental and observational data provides continuity of concepts and notation. Prerequisites include courses on basic research methods and statistics. The book is also an excellent resource for practicing researchers.
Author: J. P. Verma
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811552045
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Book Description
This book addresses sample size and power in the context of research, offering valuable insights for graduate and doctoral students as well as researchers in any discipline where data is generated to investigate research questions. It explains how to enhance the authenticity of research by estimating the sample size and reporting the power of the tests used. Further, it discusses the issue of sample size determination in survey studies as well as in hypothesis testing experiments so that readers can grasp the concept of statistical errors, minimum detectable difference, effect size, one-tail and two-tail tests and the power of the test. The book also highlights the importance of fixing these boundary conditions in enhancing the authenticity of research findings and improving the chances of research papers being accepted by respected journals. Further, it explores the significance of sample size by showing the power achieved in selected doctoral studies. Procedure has been discussed to fix power in the hypothesis testing experiment. One should usually have power at least 0.8 in the study because having power less than this will have the issue of practical significance of findings. If the power in any study is less than 0.5 then it would be better to test the hypothesis by tossing a coin instead of organizing the experiment. It also discusses determining sample size and power using the freeware G*Power software, based on twenty-one examples using different analyses, like t-test, parametric and non-parametric correlations, multivariate regression, logistic regression, independent and repeated measures ANOVA, mixed design, MANOVA and chi-square.
Author: Rand R. Wilcox
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123869838
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 713
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Book Description
"This book focuses on the practical aspects of modern and robust statistical methods. The increased accuracy and power of modern methods, versus conventional approaches to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression, is remarkable. Through a combination of theoretical developments, improved and more flexible statistical methods, and the power of the computer, it is now possible to address problems with standard methods that seemed insurmountable only a few years ago"--
Author: Jacob Cohen
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134742770
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 625
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Book Description
Statistical Power Analysis is a nontechnical guide to power analysis in research planning that provides users of applied statistics with the tools they need for more effective analysis. The Second Edition includes: * a chapter covering power analysis in set correlation and multivariate methods; * a chapter considering effect size, psychometric reliability, and the efficacy of "qualifying" dependent variables and; * expanded power and sample size tables for multiple regression/correlation.
