Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240022155
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Book Description
The Paediatric Antituberculosis Drug Optimization (PADO-TB) meetings provide a forum for clinicians, researchers, financial and technical partners and other relevant key stakeholders to work together, to ensure that priority optimal paediatric formulations of TB medicines are investigated, developed and made available to children in a timely manner. After the first meeting (PADO-TB1) in February 2019, WHO hosted an interim review of the PADO-TB1 priorities. The review considered the latest WHO recommendations and other relevant developments since February 2019, such as results of clinical trials, results of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics studies, new formulations available and advancements of key drugs in the TB research and development pipeline. The 4.5-hour virtual review was attended by more than 50 experts including clinicians, researchers, representatives of national TB programmes (NTPs) from high TB burden countries, community representatives, financial and technical partners, members of the Child and Adolescent TB Working Group and representatives from various international agencies, including WHO. This report summarizes the main developments presented for various TB medicines and the decisions taken with regard to the PADO-TB priority list.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240094822
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
Paediatric drug optimization (PADO) exercises have been convened by the World Health Organization (WHO) for various diseases, demonstrating their potential and impact to accelerate access to optimal formulations in the context of fragmented small markets for medicines for children. The WHO Global Tuberculosis Programme has convened PADO-TB meetings since February 2019 (PADO-TB1), followed by an interim review of the PADO-TB1 priorities in September 2020. Optimization of paediatric TB medicines forms part of the key actions in the Roadmap towards ending TB in children and adolescents, third edition and contributes to the achievement of the targets for ending TB in children and adolescents set out at the second United Nations High-level Meeting on the Fight Against TB in 2023. Considering the latest WHO recommendations on drug-susceptible TB, drug-resistant TB and TB preventive treatment, recent developments in new TB medicines and formulations made available, results of clinical trials and studies, and advancements of key medicines in the TB R&D pipeline, WHO convened the second PADO-TB meeting (PADO-TB2) on 3–5 October 2023. This meeting report summarizes the proceedings, discussions and the main consensus-based outputs of the PADO-TB2 meeting: - PADO-TB2 priority list (priority formulations to be investigated/developed in the short term and essential formulations to be developed in the longer term) - PADO-TB2 watch list (promising candidates for investigation/development for children within 5–10 years) - Priority research questions.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240046836
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
The aim of this operational handbook is to provide practical guidance on the implementation of the World Health Organization (WHO) policy recommendations on the prevention and management of TB in children and adolescents under programmatic circumstances and at different levels of the health system. The practical guidance aims to inform the development or revision of national policies and related implementation guidance (e.g. handbooks, standard operating procedures) on the management of TB in children and adolescents. This handbook can also help countries adequately plan for the uptake of interventions to better address the specific needs of children and adolescents with or at risk of TB. It can contribute to national efforts to build capacity among national and subnational programme managers and among health workers at all levels of the health care system. The target audience for this handbook includes NTPs and other child health programmes that provide care for children with or at risk of TB, including maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health programmes, HIV services, and PHC programmes. The handbook also targets paediatricians and other health care workers (HCWs) in the public and private sectors, school health services, civil society and community-based organizations, and health care educators.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240084258
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9789241550529
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Tuberculosis (TB) strains with drug resistance (DR-TB) are more difficult to treat than drug-susceptible ones, and threaten global progress towards the targets set by the End TB Strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO). There is thus a critical need for evidence-based policy recommendations on the treatment and care of patients with DR-TB, based on the most recent and comprehensive evidence available. In this regard, the WHO consolidated guidelines on drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment fulfil the mandate of WHO to inform health professionals in Member States on how to improve treatment and care for patients with DR-TB. Between 2011 and 2018, WHO has developed and issued evidence-based policy recommendations on the treatment and care of patients with DR-TB. These policy recommendations have been presented in several WHO documents and their associated annexes, including the WHO treatment guidelines for multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis, 2018 update, issued by WHO in December 2018. The policy recommendations in each of these guidelines have been developed by WHO-convened Guideline Development Groups (GDGs), using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach to summarize the evidence, and formulate policy recommendations and accompanying remarks. The present Consolidated guidelines include a comprehensive set of WHO recommendations for the treatment and care of DR-TB, derived from these WHO guidelines documents. The consolidated guidelines include policy recommendations on treatment regimens for isoniazid-resistant TB (Hr-TB) and MDR/RR-TB, including longer and shorter regimens, culture monitoring of patients on treatment, the timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in MDR/RR-TB patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), use of surgery for patients receiving MDR-TB treatment, and optimal models of patient support and care.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241565714
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 294
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Book Description
WHO has published a global TB report every year since 1997. The main aim of the report is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the TB epidemic, and of progress in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the disease, at global, regional and country levels. This is done in the context of recommended global TB strategies and targets endorsed by WHO?s Member States, broader development goals set by the United Nations (UN) and targets set in the political declaration at the first UN high-level meeting on TB (held in September 2018). The 2019 edition of the global TB report was released on 17 October 2019. The data in this report are updated annually. Please note that direct comparisons between estimates of TB disease burden in the latest report and previous reports are not appropriate. The most recent time-series of estimates are published in the 2019 global TB report.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240022678
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Book Description
The WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 2: screening – systematic screening for tuberculosis disease is an updated and consolidated summary of WHO recommendations on systematic screening for tuberculosis (TB) disease, containing 17 recommendations for populations in which TB screening should be conducted and tools to be used for TB screening. TB screening is strongly recommendations for household and close contacts of individuals with TB, people living with HIV, miners exposed to silica dust, and prisoners. In addition, screening is conditionally recommended for people with risk factors for TB attending health care, and for communities with risk factors for TB and limited access to care (e.g. homeless, urban poor, refugees, migrants). General population screening is recommended in high-burden settings (0.5% prevalence or higher). Symptoms, chest radiography (CXR), and molecular WHO-recommended rapid diagnostic tests for TB are recommended as screening tools for all adults eligible for screening. Computer-aided detection programmes are recommended as alternatives to human interpretation of CXR in settings where trained personnel are scarce. For people living with HIV, C-reactive protein is also a good screening tool. This guideline document is accompanied by an operational handbook, the WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis. Module 2: screening – systematic screening for tuberculosis disease, that presents principles of screening, steps in planning and implementing a screening programme, and algorithm options for screening different populations.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241549684
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 429
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Book Description
These guidelines provide guidance on the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection and the care of people living with HIV. They are structured along the continuum of HIV testing, prevention, treatment and care. This edition updates the 2013 consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs following an extensive review of evidence and consultations in mid-2015, shared at the end of 2015, and now published in full in 2016. It is being published in a changing global context for HIV and for health more broadly.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240091033
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 382
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Book Description
The Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical Preparations works towards clear, independent and practical standards and guidelines for the quality assurance of medicines and provision of global regulatory tools. The Expert Committee develops standards through worldwide consultation and an international consensus-building process. The following new guidance texts were adopted and recommended for use: WHO good manufacturing practices for excipients used in pharmaceutical products (revision); IAEA/WHO good manufacturing practices for in-house cold kits for radiopharmaceutical preparations (new); WHO good practices for pharmaceutical quality control laboratories (revision); WHO/UNFPA female condom generic specification (new); WHO Biowaiver List: proposal to waive in vivo bioequivalence requirements for WHO Model List of Essential Medicines immediate-release (updated), solid oral dosage forms; WHO guideline on Biopharmaceutics Classification System-based biowaivers (revision); and Multisource (generic) pharmaceutical products: guidelines on registration requirements to establish interchangeability (republished). All of the above are included in this report and recommended for implementation.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241504492
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 65
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Book Description
The main purpose of these recommendations is to assist national and local public health tuberculosis (TB) control programmes in low- and middle-income countries to develop and implement case finding among people exposed to infectious cases of TB. Systematic evaluation of people who have been exposed to potentially infectious cases of tuberculosis (TB) can be an efficient, targeted approach to intensified TB case finding that is within the purview of TB control programmes. There are, however, no comprehensive global recommendations for programmes. WHO, the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease and the International Standards for Tuberculosis Care all recommend that children under 5 years of age and persons living with HIV (PLHIV) who are exposed to infectious cases of TB be evaluated for active TB and considered for treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) if active TB is excluded. With these exceptions, there are no recommendations at global level to: 1. define the epidemiological and programme conditions under which contact investigation is indicated;2. describe TB index patients on whom contact investigation should be focused;3. identify TB contacts who should be investigated (other than children under 5 years of age and PLHIV);and recommend the procedures to be used for identifying, screening and tracking TB contacts. The following recommendations are based on recent systematic reviews of the literature on contact investigation in low- and middle-income countries.
