Red and Near-infrared Spectral Reflectance of Snow PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Red and Near-infrared Spectral Reflectance of Snow PDF full book. Access full book title Red and Near-infrared Spectral Reflectance of Snow by H. W. O'Brien. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: H. W. O'Brien
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Reflection (Optics).
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Get Book Here
Book Description
The spectral reflectance of snow in the range of 0.60 to 2.50 micrometers wavelengths was studied in a cold laboratory using natural snow and simulated preparations of snow. A white barium sulfate powder was used as the standard for comparison. The high reflectance (usually nearly 100%) of fresh natural snow in the visible wavelength declines rapidly at wavelengths near and beyond 0.80 micrometers, as the spectral absorption coefficients of ice increase. The rate of decline of near-infrared reflectance due to aging is strongly affected by the history of the snow during aging. Snow aged under certain conditions may retain 90% or so of its reflectance in the visible red, yet may be only about 10% as reflective as the original fresh snow beyond 2.2 micrometers. Several environmental factors such as ambient temperature and wind effects which contribute to the variability in snow reflectance are discussed.
Author: H. W. O'Brien
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Reflection (Optics).
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Get Book Here
Book Description
The spectral reflectance of snow in the range of 0.60 to 2.50 micrometers wavelengths was studied in a cold laboratory using natural snow and simulated preparations of snow. A white barium sulfate powder was used as the standard for comparison. The high reflectance (usually nearly 100%) of fresh natural snow in the visible wavelength declines rapidly at wavelengths near and beyond 0.80 micrometers, as the spectral absorption coefficients of ice increase. The rate of decline of near-infrared reflectance due to aging is strongly affected by the history of the snow during aging. Snow aged under certain conditions may retain 90% or so of its reflectance in the visible red, yet may be only about 10% as reflective as the original fresh snow beyond 2.2 micrometers. Several environmental factors such as ambient temperature and wind effects which contribute to the variability in snow reflectance are discussed.
Author: Harold W. O'Brien
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Snow
Languages : en
Pages : 32
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Harold W. O'Brien
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Plant growing media
Languages : en
Pages : 34
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Francis R. Valovcin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cirrus clouds
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
The near infrared spectral radiance measurements of snow and cirrus and cumulus cloud backgrounds taken by the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory's flying laboratory are evaluated. From the analysis of the 124 specra obtained, the spectral radiances or reflectance characteristics of snow and cirrus and cumulus clouds between 5500 and 7000/cm (1.82-1.43 micrometers were determined. Snow/cloud discrimination can be made by utilizing a sensor in the 5500 to 7000/ cm spectral region. Based on the analysis of these data, certain snow/cloud design parameters were identified; that is, slope of the spectral radiance, absolute spectral and/or total radiance, and the location and value of the maximum spectral radiance for the snow and cirrus and cumulus cloud backgrounds. Finally, specific recommendations are made for an optimal operational snow/cloud discrimination radiometer. (Author)
Author: Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Frozen ground
Languages : en
Pages : 32
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Craig F. Bohren
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527608370
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 490
Get Book Here
Book Description
Meeting the need for teaching material suitable for students of atmospheric science and courses on atmospheric radiation, this textbook covers the fundamentals of emission, absorption, and scattering of electromagnetic radiation from ultraviolet to infrared and beyond. Much of the contents applies to planetary atmosphere, with graded discussions providing a thorough treatment of subjects, including single scattering by particles at different levels of complexity. The discussion of the simple multiple scattering theory introduces concepts in more advanced theories, such that the more complicated two-stream theory allows readers to progress beyond the pile-of-plates theory. The authors are physicists teaching at the largest meteorology department in the US at Penn State. The problems given in the text come from students, colleagues, and correspondents, and the figures designed especially for this book facilitate comprehension. Ideal for advanced undergraduate and graduate students of atmospheric science. * Free solutions manual available for lecturers at www.wiley-vch.de/supplements/
Author: Pavla Dagsson-Waldhauserova
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288963504X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 150
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Artificial satellites in earth sciences
Languages : en
Pages : 284
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrology
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Glaciology
Languages : en
Pages : 720
Get Book Here
Book Description
