Rate of Return on Single Family Housing Investments in the U.S. 1970-2000 PDF Download
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Author: Robert Brogan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 29
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Book Description
Investors owned 15 percent of all single family houses in the U.S. in the year 2000, with a value of fixed assets that dwarfed that of any single manufacturing industry, and approached that of the entire manufacturing sector. Owner occupied and investor owned houses are functionally identical and in the same market, but investors are subject to substantially higher taxes on the ownership of their houses. As change and adjustments occur to bring the single family housing market into equilibrium, the rate of price appreciation that leaves owner occupiers in equilibrium will have investors taking losses and exiting the market, without some compensating differential.The results reported here for the period 1970-2000 support the proposition that the rates of return received by owner occupiers and investors are the same in equilibrium and just equal to the risk adjusted opportunity return. Notwithstanding the adverse tax treatment, investor returns can equal owner occupier returns in the presence of two conditions. First, if investors are in a higher tax bracket than owner occupiers, this raises their tax subsidy since losses on housing investments offset other income, thereby lowering total tax obligations. This reduction in after tax costs is more pronounced when borrowed funds are involved. Second, investors are in a better position than owner occupiers to enter or exit the market as profit opportunities present themselves. If investors can raise the rate of house price appreciation they experience, relative to owner occupiers, by just a fraction of a point, this is enough to bring investors returns into alignment with those of owner occupiers and also with opportunity cost.
Author: Robert Brogan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 29
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Book Description
Investors owned 15 percent of all single family houses in the U.S. in the year 2000, with a value of fixed assets that dwarfed that of any single manufacturing industry, and approached that of the entire manufacturing sector. Owner occupied and investor owned houses are functionally identical and in the same market, but investors are subject to substantially higher taxes on the ownership of their houses. As change and adjustments occur to bring the single family housing market into equilibrium, the rate of price appreciation that leaves owner occupiers in equilibrium will have investors taking losses and exiting the market, without some compensating differential.The results reported here for the period 1970-2000 support the proposition that the rates of return received by owner occupiers and investors are the same in equilibrium and just equal to the risk adjusted opportunity return. Notwithstanding the adverse tax treatment, investor returns can equal owner occupier returns in the presence of two conditions. First, if investors are in a higher tax bracket than owner occupiers, this raises their tax subsidy since losses on housing investments offset other income, thereby lowering total tax obligations. This reduction in after tax costs is more pronounced when borrowed funds are involved. Second, investors are in a better position than owner occupiers to enter or exit the market as profit opportunities present themselves. If investors can raise the rate of house price appreciation they experience, relative to owner occupiers, by just a fraction of a point, this is enough to bring investors returns into alignment with those of owner occupiers and also with opportunity cost.
Author: Andrew T. Carswell
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1412989574
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 929
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Book Description
The second edition of the Encyclopedia of Housing has been updated to reflect the significant changes in the market that make the landscape of the industry so different today, and includes articles from a fresh set of scholars who have contributed to the field over the past twelve years.
Author: Thomas P. Au
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471652377
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
An updated approach to classic security analysis The principles of value investing outlined by Graham and Dodd in the 1940s continues to be used today by individuals and companies who face challenging investment decisions. A Modern Approach to Graham and Dodd Investing examines the classic Graham and Dodd approach to valuation and updates it for the twenty-first century. Thomas Au, a credentialed analyst with a leading insurance company and an ex-Value Line analyst, reworks the basics of value investing from net present value, financial statement analysis, and return on capital to return and leverage, asset allocation, and diversification. Through case studies and real-time analysis, A Modern Approach to Graham and Dodd Investing presents readers with examples that will make analysis and portfolio theory more relevant and powerful. Thomas P. Au (Hartford, CT) is a Vice President and Portfolio Manager for the investment arm of a large insurance and healthcare provider. His specialty is emerging and international markets. He received his BA, cum laude, with a double major in economics and history, from Yale University, and an MBA in finance from New York University.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Statistics
Languages : en
Pages : 840
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Book Description
Author: Nicolas P. Retsinas
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 9780815706038
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 524
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Book Description
A Brookings Institution Press and Harvard University Joint Center for Housing Studies publication A generation ago little attention was focused on low-income homeownership. Today homeownership rates among under-served groups, including low-income households and minorities, have risen to record levels. These groups are no longer at the margin of the housing market; they have benefited from more flexible underwriting standards and greater access to credit. However, there is still a racial/ethnic gap and the homeownership rates of minority and low-income households are still well below the national average. This volume gathers the observations of housing experts on low-income homeownership and its effects on households and communities. The book is divided into five chapters which focus on the following subjects: homeownership trends in the 1990s; overcoming borrower constraints; financial returns to low-income homeowners; low-income loan performance; and the socioeconomic impact of homeownership.
Author: Halbert Stephen Kerr
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Housing
Languages : en
Pages : 362
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Book Description
Author: James Barth
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470493887
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 560
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Book Description
The mortgage meltdown: what went wrong and how do we fix it? Owning a home can bestow a sense of security and independence. But today, in a cruel twist, many Americans now regard their homes as a source of worry and dashed expectations. How did everything go haywire? And what can we do about it now? In The Rise and Fall of the U.S. Mortgage and Credit Markets, renowned finance expert James Barth offers a comprehensive examination of the mortgage meltdown. Together with a team of economists at the Milken Institute, he explores the shock waves that have rippled through the entire financial sector and the real economy. Deploying an incredibly detailed and extensive set of data, the book offers in-depth analysis of the mortgage meltdown and the resulting worldwide financial crisis. This authoritative volume explores what went wrong in every critical area, including securitization, loan origination practices, regulation and supervision, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, leverage and accounting practices, and of course, the rating agencies. The authors explain the steps the government has taken to address the crisis thus far, arguing that we have yet to address the larger issues. Offers a comprehensive examination of the mortgage market meltdown and its reverberations throughout the financial sector and the real economy Explores several important issues that policymakers must address in any future reshaping of financial market regulations Addresses how we can begin to move forward and prevent similar crises from shaking the foundations of our financial system The Rise and Fall of the U.S. Mortgage and Credit Markets analyzes the factors that should drive reform and explores the issues that policymakers must confront in any future reshaping of financial market regulations.
Author: Xiao Di Zhu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Households
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Author: Patric H. Hendershott
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 42
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Book Description
During the 1960s and 1970s, the U.S. government closely regulated the single-family housing finance system. The regulation manifested itself in a highly specialized system with four notable characteristics: portfolio restrictions against investments in corporate assets, tax inducements to invest in residential mortgages, prohibitions against investing in ARMS, and deposit rates ceilings. All were removed in the 1980s, and, not surprisingly, the housing finance system changed markedly. Between early 1982 and 1989, two-fifths of all new loans had adjustable, not fixed, rates, and savings and loans reduced their holdings of FRMs (both whole loans and mortgage pass-throughs) by 15 to 20 percent. Moreover, the fraction of conventional FRM originations that have been pooled into pass-throughs rose from less than one-twentieth before 1981 to over one-half after 1985. With the opportunity of borrowers to shift to lower coupon ARMs when rates rise and with the integration of the home mortgage market with capital markets generally, one would expect that the U.S. housing sector is now less sensitive to rising interest rates than it was in the 1960s and 1970s. Numerous studies support this expectation.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : United States
Languages : en
Pages : 680
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Book Description
