Psychosocial Determinants of Physical Activity and Exercise in a Sample of African American and Hispanic Women PDF Download
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Author: Eliana Trevino
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 122
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Author: Eliana Trevino
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 122
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Author: Amy Eyler
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780789020017
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Book Description
Learn to tailor physical activity interventions to the women you work with! Ethnic minority and low-income women have some of the highest rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the highest rates of physical inactivity—an independent risk factor for CVD. This book discusses the environmental, policy, and cultural factors that affect the tendency of these women (ages 20–50) to undertake physical activities. This vital information is based on qualitative research conducted in various locations in the United States with African-American, American Indian, Latina, and white women living in both urban and rural environments. Along with individual chapters on separate groups of women, this book includes a thorough summary discussing the similarities and differences among the groups—and recommendations for future research. This book will increase your understanding of: the impact of environmental influences on women's patterns of physical activity the mission and methodology of the Women's Cardiovascular Health Network Project cultural, environmental, and policy determinants of physical activity based upon the responses of the focus groups involved in the study, which include a) low-income minority women b) well-educated urban African-American women c) African-American women in the southeastern United States d) rural African-American women e) rural white women who say they don't exercise regularly f) Latina immigrants g) Southwestern American Indian women
Author: Bridget K. Robinson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Rennae A. Williams
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : African American teenagers
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Book Description
"The purpose of this study was to develop a better understanding of the physical activity behavior of Black female adolescents age 14-18 in the Charlotte, NC public school community by examining the relationship between physical activity and self-efficacy, social support, outcome expectations, and physical environment. The study sample consisted of 96 girls ages 14-19 from a public high school in Charlotte, North Carolina. Participants volunteered to complete a survey with demographic, physical activity (PA), and psychosocial questions. The predictor variables were self-efficacy and physical activity self-efficacy, social support, outcome expectations, and physical environment. The dependent variable was physical activity participation. Correlational analysis was employed to examine the relationship of the four predictor variables to physical activity. Self-efficacy was shown to be correlated with PA. The strongest correlation was between physical activity self-efficacy and PA. Correlations between outcome expectations and PA for the total sample were low and not significant. Total social support, family and friend social support were correlated with PA as well. Physical environment was not significantly related with PA for the Black adolescents in this study. Multiple regression was used to determine the relative strength of the four main predictor variables on the dependent variable of physical activity level. For the total sample, the four predictor variables explained 24% of the variance in physical activity participation. Of these variables, physical activity self-efficacy makes the largest unique contribution (beta=.36) with a significance level of .002. In order to understand PA habits and perceptions among Black adolescent females, the last section of the survey included 14 open-ended questions. Most Black participants understand the health benefits of physical activity, but cited tiring and sweating factors as reasons why they do not participate in physical activity. Findings suggest increasing physical activity self-efficacy and providing social support, as well as allowing girls to have a choice in their physical activity and offering activities they consider fun, may lead to increased physical activity among Black adolescent girls."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.
Author: Melissa Bopp
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317200829
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
The health benefits associated with regular physical activity are now widely recognized. This book examines how social determinants such as race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, sexual orientation and disability can impact on physical activity and its associated health outcomes. It explores the social, cultural, political and environmental factors that influence engagement in physical activity in a range of diverse populations and presents evidence-based, culturally appropriate strategies for targeting and promoting physical activity participation. Each chapter considers how the social determinants that impact on health are formed by the environments in which people live, work, learn and play. Incorporating a series of original case studies, this book analyzes physical activity behaviors in groups such as: African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans and Native Americans military veterans and physically disabled populations low-income populations rural populations LGBT populations. It also includes a variety of useful features such as key terms, summary points and critical thinking questions, as well as a chapter on international perspectives. Physical Activity in Diverse Populations: Evidence and Practice is vital reading for any course touching on social factors in physical activity behavior.
![The Relationship Among Psychosocial and Environmental Determinants of Physical Activity, Physical Activity Levels, and Body Mass Index in Adolescent Affrican [sic] American Females PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/WggDkAEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Flint D. Mitchell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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This study examined personal, social, and demographic factors related to physical activity (PA) level and body mass index (BMI) in adolescent African American (AA) females. The participants were 211 AA females from selected parochial schools in a city in the southern U.S. Participants completed the Physical Activity Determinant Scale (PADS: Mitchell & Kontos, 2002), the Three Day Physical Activity Recall (3DPAR: Weston, Petosa & Pate, 1997), the Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (LTEQ: Godin & Shepard, 1985), and demographic items. Height and weight measures were taken to assess BMI. Results from logistic regression indicated that the personal factor was a significant (p
Author: Suzanne M. Keep
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Exercise
Languages : en
Pages : 179
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Book Description
The purpose of this research was to examine the relationships among societal norms, exercise self-efficacy and activity related affect on commitment to a plan of physical activity in a sample of low-income Hispanic women and their daughters. Theoretical propositions derived from the Health Promotion Model (Pender, 2011) were tested. The first hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant relationship between societal norms and commitment, was partially supported. The second hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant relationship between exercise self-efficacy and commitment, was partially supported. The third hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant relationship between related affect and commitment to a plan of physical activity, was partially supported. The fourth hypothesis, which stated there would be significant relationship between commitment to a plan of physical activity and participation in physical activity, was partially supported. The fifth hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant relationship between societal norms, self-efficacy, activity related affect and commitment to a plan of physical activity of mothers will be significant predictors of physical activity levels of the daughters, was partially supported. The sixth hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant differences in societal norms, exercise self-efficacy, activity related affect and commitment to exercise between Hispanic women and their daughters was partially supported. Evidence in support of these hypotheses was found among daughters, in relation societal norms and exercise self efficacy, but not mothers. Data was collected at area Hispanic churches. (N= 79) Hispanic mothers and (N= 79) Hispanic daughters. A correlational designed was used. Kendall's tau_b was used to assess differences between means of mothers and daughters. Actigraph® were used in this study for quantitative measurements, which demonstrated low levels of physical activities among mothers and daughters, with both mothers and daughters being in sedentary activity (71%) while they wore the actigraph. Multiple regression did not reveal significant relationships between societal norms, exercise self-efficacy and physical activity enjoyment on a commitment to physical activity with the mothers, and the R2 = .04 which explains only 4% of the variance for mothers' commitment for physical activity. Multiple regression did however real a relationship between the daughters' independent variables, societal norms, [beta] = .28, p = .01; and exercise self-efficacy, [beta] = .25, p = .02. The total R2 = .213 which explains 21% of the variance for the daughters' commitment for PA, which is not a strong predictor for commitment of physical activity. Limitations of this study was the language barrier, limited access to Actigraph® and seasonal winter months may have reduced physical activity. Further research is needed with the Hispanic population especially with the key predictor variable of being physically active, exercise self-efficacy. Implication for nurses include education for why and how to be physically active, and to provide physically activity programs that are culturally specific for this population that would provide enjoyment and therefore a commitment to physical activity.
Author: Suzanne A. Sharkey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583
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Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author: Shelly Thornton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 193
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Book Description
African American women have a compounded risk for chronic disease development, poorer disease-related quality of life, and chronic disease mortality. While regular engagement in physical activity can reduce these risks, African American women are significantly less likely to engage in physical activity when compared to their gender and racial counterparts. Therefore, it is important to identify factors that may contribute to physical activity and protect against physical inactivity among African American women. Social Identity Theory may offer a framework for understanding gender and racial influences on exercise behaviors. Social Identity Theory posits that individuals strengthen their sense of belonging with social groups by adopting normative perceptions, attitudes, values, and behaviors. Prior research has established associations between gender and racial identity and exercise behaviors as well as associations between normative perceptions of physical activity and exercise behavior. Inferences from prior research suggests there is a link between gender and racial identity and normative perceptions of exercise behavior, however this link has not been established. Female gender seems to be a risk factor for physical inactivity across the developmental continuum, however research examining African American cultural influences on physical activity has yielded mixed findings. This dissertation sought to examine gender and racial influences on exercise behavior in a sample of African American college-aged women guided by the Social Identity theoretical framework. More specifically, this study sought to (1) comprehensively measure gender and racial identity domains and compare strengths of identity across these two domains, (2) examine perceived physical activity norms for gender and race, (3) determine whether gender and racial identity predict physical activity, (4) determine whether gender and race-related physical activity norms predict physical activity, and (5) examine links between gender identity and gender-related physical activity norms and links between racial identity and race-related physical activity norms. A total of 188 African American undergraduate women completed an online survey that assessed multiple dimensions of gender and racial identity, normative perceptions of physical activity for gender and race, and exercise behaviors. On average, participants reported strong emotional and psychological connection to other women and African Americans. They also reported strong, positive feelings towards being women and African American. Lastly, participants reported that physical activity was normative for their female friends, African American friends, and normative for broader reference groups of women in general and African Americans in general. Overall, physical activity was perceived by participants to be more normative for African Americans than for women and more normative for broader reference groups of women and African Americans as compared to female and African American friend groups. In terms of predicting physical activity, the full model of Social Identity Theory was not supported for either gender or racial influences; however, results indicated that both positive African American racial identity and perceiving physical activity as normative for one's African Americans friends were positive influences on exercise behaviors. Compared to racial identity, gender identity did not predict physical activity, but positive female gender identity was linked to perceiving exercise as more normative for one's female friends, establishing what appears to be the first empirical link between identity and norms in the social identity theory literature. Clinical implications of these findings and future directions for research are discussed, particularly as it relates to increasing and sustaining motivation for exercise among African American Women.
