Effect of Pipe Diameter on Horizontal Annular Two-phase Flow PDF Download
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Author: Lawrence Robert Williams
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Book Description
The effect of pipe diameter on horizontal annular flow is examined. Measurements of the local film height, the local droplet flux, the local velocity, and the entrained fraction for annular flow in a 9.53 cm horizontal pipe have been obtained. The measurements are compared with the results from previous investigators for horizontal annular flow in pipes with diameters of 2.54 cm and 5.08 cm. A new large scale two-phase flow facility has been designed and constructed. The facility has the ability to incline a 26.5 m pipe at angles between positive and minus 2.5 degrees from the horizontal. Local film height measurements show that the film distribution becomes increasingly asymmetric with increasing pipe diameter. The effect of pipe diameter on the asymmetries of the liquid film distribution is predicted approximately by a Froude number. At Froude numbers below 50, the liquid is stratified as a pool at the pipe bottom. A turbulent diffusion model developed by a co-researcher for the droplet concentration distribution is in good agreement with measurements at low gas velocities and low droplet concentrations. At higher droplet concentrations, velocity measurements suggest the existence of a secondary flow in the gas which inhibits droplet settling. Entrainment correlations developed from experiments in small diameter pipes, over predict the entrained fraction in large diameter pipes. A generalized entrainment correlation based on an equilibrium rate balance between the rate of atomization of droplets from the liquid film and the rate of deposition of droplets back to the liquid film is developed. The correlation is easily interpreted for two extremes of the liquid film distribution. When the film is distributed uniformly around the pipe wall, the entrainment relation reduces to a form developed by previous researchers. For conditions where the liquid film is stratified as a pool at the pipe bottom, a new entrainment relation is developed which is in good agreement with the results.
Author: Lawrence Robert Williams
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Book Description
The effect of pipe diameter on horizontal annular flow is examined. Measurements of the local film height, the local droplet flux, the local velocity, and the entrained fraction for annular flow in a 9.53 cm horizontal pipe have been obtained. The measurements are compared with the results from previous investigators for horizontal annular flow in pipes with diameters of 2.54 cm and 5.08 cm. A new large scale two-phase flow facility has been designed and constructed. The facility has the ability to incline a 26.5 m pipe at angles between positive and minus 2.5 degrees from the horizontal. Local film height measurements show that the film distribution becomes increasingly asymmetric with increasing pipe diameter. The effect of pipe diameter on the asymmetries of the liquid film distribution is predicted approximately by a Froude number. At Froude numbers below 50, the liquid is stratified as a pool at the pipe bottom. A turbulent diffusion model developed by a co-researcher for the droplet concentration distribution is in good agreement with measurements at low gas velocities and low droplet concentrations. At higher droplet concentrations, velocity measurements suggest the existence of a secondary flow in the gas which inhibits droplet settling. Entrainment correlations developed from experiments in small diameter pipes, over predict the entrained fraction in large diameter pipes. A generalized entrainment correlation based on an equilibrium rate balance between the rate of atomization of droplets from the liquid film and the rate of deposition of droplets back to the liquid film is developed. The correlation is easily interpreted for two extremes of the liquid film distribution. When the film is distributed uniformly around the pipe wall, the entrainment relation reduces to a form developed by previous researchers. For conditions where the liquid film is stratified as a pool at the pipe bottom, a new entrainment relation is developed which is in good agreement with the results.
Author: Pui-Yan Lin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pipelines
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
Author: Thomas J. Hanratty
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107041201
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 359
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Book Description
A unified theory of multiphase flows, providing tools for practical applications.
Author: Afshin J. Ghajar
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030872815
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
The book provides design engineers an elemental understanding of the variables that influence pressure drop and heat transfer in plain and micro-fin tubes to thermal systems using liquid single-phase flow in different industrial applications. It also provides design engineers using gas-liquid, two-phase flow in different industrial applications the necessary fundamentals of the two-phase flow variables. The author and his colleagues were the first to determine experimentally the very important relationship between inlet geometry and transition. On the basis of their results, they developed practical and easy to use correlations for the isothermal and non-isothermal friction factor (pressure drop) and heat transfer coefficient (Nusselt number) in the transition region as well as the laminar and turbulent flow regions for different inlet configurations and fin geometry. This work presented herein provides the thermal systems design engineer the necessary design tools. The author further presents a succinct review of the flow patterns, void fraction, pressure drop and non-boiling heat transfer phenomenon and recommends some of the well scrutinized modeling techniques.
Author: Robert R. Kepple
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gas
Languages : en
Pages : 440
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Book Description
A systematic search for the references appearing in this bibliography was made in the following for the period 1950 to 1962: Nuclear Science Abstracts; Chemical Abstracts; Science Abstracts, Section A; Engineering Index; Applied Mechanics Review. In addition, Chemical and Engineering Progress and Dissertation abstracts were consulted for theses, and the references in many bibliographies already prepared on this subject were checked. Many references appearing prior to this period have been included because of their importance to the subject.
Author: Efstathios Michaelides
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315354624
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1559
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Book Description
The Multiphase Flow Handbook, Second Edition is a thoroughly updated and reorganized revision of the late Clayton Crowe’s work, and provides a detailed look at the basic concepts and the wide range of applications in this important area of thermal/fluids engineering. Revised by the new editors, Efstathios E. (Stathis) Michaelides and John D. Schwarzkopf, the new Second Edition begins with two chapters covering fundamental concepts and methods that pertain to all the types and applications of multiphase flow. The remaining chapters cover the applications and engineering systems that are relevant to all the types of multiphase flow and heat transfer. The twenty-one chapters and several sections of the book include the basic science as well as the contemporary engineering and technological applications of multiphase flow in a comprehensive way that is easy to follow and be understood. The editors created a common set of nomenclature that is used throughout the book, allowing readers to easily compare fundamental theory with currently developing concepts and applications. With contributed chapters from sixty-two leading experts around the world, the Multiphase Flow Handbook, Second Edition is an essential reference for all researchers, academics and engineers working with complex thermal and fluid systems.
Author: Nikolaos Andritsos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
Author: Geoffrey Hewitt
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483285235
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 327
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Book Description
Annular Two-Phase Flow presents the wide range of industrial applications of annular two-phase flow regimes. This book discusses the fluid dynamics and heat transfer aspects of the flow pattern. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the classification of the various types of interface distribution observed in practice. This text then examines the various regimes of two-phase flow with emphasis on the regions of occurrence of the annular flow regime. Other chapters consider the single momentum and energy balances, which illustrate the differences and analogies between single- and two-phase flows. This book discusses as well the simple modes for annular flow with consideration to the calculation of the profile of shear stress in the liquid film. The final chapter deals with the techniques that are developed for the measurement of flow pattern, entrainment, and film thickness. This book is a valuable resource for chemical engineers.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mechanics, Applied
Languages : en
Pages : 628
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Book Description
Author: Volfango Bertola
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3709125383
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 433
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Book Description
This is an up-to-date review of recent advances in the study of two-phase flows, with focus on gas-liquid flows, liquid-liquid flows, and particle transport in turbulent flows. The book is divided into several chapters, which after introducing basic concepts lead the reader through a more complex treatment of the subjects. The reader will find an extensive review of both the older and the more recent literature, with abundance of formulas, correlations, graphs and tables. A comprehensive (though non exhaustive) list of bibliographic references is provided at the end of each chapter. The volume is especially indicated for researchers who would like to carry out experimental, theoretical or computational work on two-phase flows, as well as for professionals who wish to learn more about this topic.
