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Author: Udo Blum
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400706839
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
In an effort to implement conservation measures farmers have used a variety of production methods, including the use of reduced or zero tillage and cover crops. One benefit of these production methods has been early season weed control. The literature suggests that a variety of mechanisms may be involved, among them the allelopathic effects of phenolic acids. This retrospective analysis addresses the following: How likely are phenolic acid concentrations and environmental conditions in wheat no-till cropping systems for the inhibition of annual broadleaf weed emergence? and Do phenolic acids have a dominant role or are they just one component of a larger promoter/modifier/inhibitor complex? The book covers allelopathic plant-plant interactions, laboratory and field experiments, and future research. It uses a journal format, provides justifications for procedures used, if-then hypotheses, and cons and pros so that readers can reach their own conclusions.
Author: Udo Blum
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400706839
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 228
Get Book Here
Book Description
In an effort to implement conservation measures farmers have used a variety of production methods, including the use of reduced or zero tillage and cover crops. One benefit of these production methods has been early season weed control. The literature suggests that a variety of mechanisms may be involved, among them the allelopathic effects of phenolic acids. This retrospective analysis addresses the following: How likely are phenolic acid concentrations and environmental conditions in wheat no-till cropping systems for the inhibition of annual broadleaf weed emergence? and Do phenolic acids have a dominant role or are they just one component of a larger promoter/modifier/inhibitor complex? The book covers allelopathic plant-plant interactions, laboratory and field experiments, and future research. It uses a journal format, provides justifications for procedures used, if-then hypotheses, and cons and pros so that readers can reach their own conclusions.
Author: S.S. Narwal
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780792363484
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
The rapidly growing human population has increased the dependence on fossil fuel-based agrochemicals, such as fertilizers and pesticides, to produce the required agricultural and forestry products. This has exerted great pressure on non-renewable fossil fuel resources, which cannot last indefinitely. Not only do agrochemicals pollute the environment, but pests also become resistant to pesticides. Thus, present agricultural practices exploit natural resources, and damage fauna and flora and agroecosystems. One safe alternative to overcome these problems is the use of allelopathy to sustain development in agriculture and forestry and maintain a clean environment for future generations. This book is the Proceedings of the III International Congress on Allelopathy in Ecological Agriculture and Forestry, held on August 18-21, 1998, at the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India, and provides an updated status of current allelopathy research in various leading countries, with the overall aim of developing new technologies for ecological agriculture and forestry in the 21st century. To date, no book on ecological agriculture has discussed these aspects, hence it is the first time that such information is available. The chapter contributors are leading specialists in their fields, and all chapters have been peer-reviewed by international referees. This book will be indispensable for agricultural scientists (agronomists, entomologists, nematologists, plant pathologists, horticulturists, plant breeders, agroforesters, foresters, soil scientists), bioscientists (biochemists, organic chemists, plant ecologists, microbiologists and limnologists), environmentalists, graduate students and farmers, as well as for organizations engaged in sustainable agriculture and organic agriculture.
Author: Udo Blum
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030220982
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 543
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Book Description
This volume continues the retrospective analyses of Volumes I and II, but goes beyond that in an attempt to understand how phenolic acids are partitioned in seedling-solution and seedling-microbe-soil-sand culture systems and how phenolic acid effects on seedlings may be related to the actual and/or conditional physicochemical properties (e.g., solubility, hydrophobicity, pKa, molecular structure and soil sorption/desorption) of simple phenolic acids. Specifically, it explores the quantitative partitioning (i.e., source-sink relationships) of benzoic and cinnamic acids in cucumber seedling-solution and cucumber seedling-microbe-soil-sand systems and how that partitioning may influence phenolic acid effects on cucumber seedlings. Regressions, correlations and conceptual and hypothetical models are used to achieve these objectives. Cucumber seedlings are used as a surrogate for phenolic acid sensitive herbaceous dicotyledonous weed seedlings. This volume was written specifically for researchers and their students interested in understanding how a range of simple phenolic acids and potentially other putative allelopathic compounds released from living plants and their litter and residues may modify soil chemistry, soil and rhizosphere microbial biology, seedling physiology and seedling growth. In addition, this volume describes the potential relationships, where they may exist, for direct transfer of organic compounds between plants, plant communication and plant-plant allelopathic interactions and addresses the following questions: Can physicochemical properties of phenolic acids be used as tools to help understand the complex behavior of phenolic acids and the ultimate effects of phenolic acids on sensitive seedlings? What insights do laboratory bioassays and the conceptual and hypothetical models of laboratory systems provide us concerning the potential behavior and effects of phenolic acids in field systems? What potential role may phenolic acids play in broadleaf-weed seedling emergence in wheat debris cover crop no-till systems?
Author: Manuel Joaquín Reigosa Roger
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9781402042799
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 660
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Book Description
This book provides the reader relevant information about actual knowledge about the process of allelopathy, covering all aspects from the molecular to the ecological level. Special relevance is given to the physiological and ecophysiological aspects of allelopathy. Several ecosystems are studied and methodological considerations are taken into account in several different chapters. The book has been written to be useful both for Ph.D. students and for senior researchers, so the chapters include all necessary information to be read by beginners, but they also include a lot of useful information and discussion for the initiated.
Author: Ravinder Kumar Kohli
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781560220916
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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Book Description
Discover environmentally safe ways to control weeds and pests! Until now farmers have had to choose between using expensive herbicides and fertilizers, which pollute the water table, or watching crop yields drop. All too often, crop yields dropped anyway, despite intensive farming. Allelopathy in Agroecosystems offers fresh hope. It provides an in-depth understanding of allelopathy-the mysterious, complex biochemical interactions among plants and microbes. This little-understood phenomenon plays a large role in agriculture, for good or ill. It can lead to changes in nutrient dynamics, vegetation structure, and species diversity. This comprehensive treatise is the first compendium devoted to explaining and exploring these chemical interactions in agricultural crop systems. Allelopathy in Agroecosystems explains how these interactions can make soil “sick,” especially in intensively cropped areas. This leads to less growth and lower yield. On the other hand, it has great potential as an environmentally safe method of weed and pest management. The fascinating original research presented here will help you understand the complexities of this invisible yet potent force in agriculture. Allelopathy in Agroecosystems examines this interaction as it affects the most important concerns of farmers and agronomists, including: beneficial interactions between crops weed control using crop residues crop rotation natural herbicides genetic engineering soil rhizosphere bacteria improving pastures forest/crop interactions sustainable management of agroecosystems new directions for research International in scope, Allelopathy in Agroecosystems offers an abundance of scientific data on this revolutionary new concept. It offers incalculable potential for rescuing farmed-out land, increasing crop yields, and cutting back on expensive soil additives. Every agronomist, environmental scientist, policymaker, agricultural librarian, and advocate of sustainable farming needs this book.
Author: Zahid A. Cheema
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642305954
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 513
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Book Description
Allelopathy is an ecological phenomenon by which plants release organic chemicals (allelochemicals) into the environment influencing the growth and survival of other organisms. In this book, leading scientists in the field synthesize latest developments in allelopathy research with a special emphasis on its application in sustainable agriculture. The following topics are highlighted: Ecological implications, such as the role of allelopathy during the invasion of alien plant species; regional experiences with the application of allelopathy in agricultural systems and pest management; the use of microscopy for modeling allelopathy; allelopathy and abiotic stress tolerance; host allelopathy and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; allelopathic interaction with plant nutrition; and the molecular mechanisms of allelopathy. This book is an invaluable source of information for scientists, teachers and advanced students in the fields of plant physiology, agriculture, ecology, environmental sciences, and molecular biology.
Author: R.J. Willis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402040938
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
With a claim to be the first work to document in detail the history of allelopathy, Willis’s text provides an account of the concept of allelopathy as it has occurred through the course of botanical literature from the earliest recorded writings to the modern era. A great deal of information is presented here in a consolidated and accessible form for the first time. The book offers a unique insight into the historical factors which have influenced the popularity of allelopathy.
Author: B.B. Biswas
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780306456787
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 472
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Book Description
Recent years have seen tremendous progress in unraveling the molecular basis of different plant-microbe interactions. Knowledge has accumulated on the mecha nisms of the microbial infection of plants, which can lead to either disease or resistance. The mechanisms developed by plants to interact with microbes, whether viruses, bacteria, or fungi, involve events that can lead to symbiotic association or to disease or tumor formation. Cell death caused by pathogen infection has been of great interest for many years because of its association with plant resistance. There appear to be two types of plant cell death associated with pathogen infection, a rapid hypersensitive cell death localized at the site of infection during an incompatible interaction between a resistant plant and an avirulent pathogen, and a slow, normosensitive plant cell death that spreads beyond the site of infection during some compatible interactions involving a susceptible plant and a virulent, necrogenic pathogen. Plants possess a number of defense mechanisms against infection, such as (i) production of phytoalexin, (ii) formation of hydrolases, (iii) accumulation of hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein and lignin deposition, (iv) production of pathogen-related proteins, (v) produc tion of oligosaccharides, jasmonic acid, and various other phenolic substances, and (vi) production of toxin-metabolizing enzymes. Based on these observations, insertion of a single suitable gene in a particular plant has yielded promising results in imparting resistance against specific infection or disease. It appears that a signal received after microbe infection triggers different signal transduction pathways.
Author: Jean-Michel Mérillon
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319963983
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 973
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Book Description
This Reference Work is devoted to plant secondary metabolites and their evolutionary adaptation to different hosts and pests. Secondary metabolites play an important biological role in plants’ defence against herbivores, abiotic stresses and pathogens, and they also attract beneficial organisms such as pollinators. In this work, readers will find a comprehensive review of the phytochemical diversity, modification and adaptation of secondary metabolites, and the consequences of their co-evolution with plant parasites, pollinators, and herbivores. Chapters from expert contributors are organised into twelve sections that collate the current knowledge in intra-/inter-specific diversity in plant secondary metabolites, changes in secondary metabolites during plants’ adaptation to different environmental conditions, and co-evolution of host-parasite metabolites. Among the twelve themed parts, readers will also discover expert analysis on the genetics and chemical ecology evolution of secondary metabolites, and particular attention is also given to allelochemicals, bioactive molecules in plant defence and the evolution of sensory perception in vertebrates. This reference work will appeal to students, researchers and professionals interested in the field of plant pathology, plant breeding, biotechnology, agriculture and phytochemistry.
Author: Udo Blum
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3319047329
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 337
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Book Description
This volume presents detailed descriptions and analyses of the underlying features, issues and suppositions associated with seed and seedling laboratory bioassays presented in a previous volume. It is, however, broader in scope and substance in that the information provided is relevant to all water-soluble compounds released to soil by putative allelopathic living plants and their litter and residues. It is ultimately an attempt to update and expand the practical guidelines for designing laboratory bioassays that have previously been provided in the literature with the hope that the designs of future seed and seedling laboratory bioassays will become more relevant to field systems. Standard references have been included to provide background and additional details. This volume has been written specifically for researchers and their graduate students who are interested in studying plant-plant allelopathic interactions.
