Author: Marcus Edward Bond
Publisher: Marcus Edward Bond
ISBN:
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 45
Book Description
Defining Poverty: An Introduction Poverty is a complex and multifaceted issue that affects millions of people around the world. However, defining poverty can be a difficult task, as there are many different factors that contribute to it, and it can manifest in different ways depending on the context. At its core, poverty can be described as a lack of access to resources, such as food, water, healthcare, and education. However, poverty can also refer to a lack of social and economic opportunities, as well as a lack of agency and voice. This can make it difficult to define poverty in a way that captures all of its different dimensions. One way that poverty is often measured is through income-based measures. These measures typically use a poverty line, which is a specific income threshold below which individuals or families are considered to be living in poverty. However, this approach has been criticized for being too narrow and not capturing the full extent of poverty, particularly in developing countries where non-monetary factors such as access to basic services may be more important. Multidimensional measures of poverty have been developed as an alternative to income-based measures. These measures take into account a range of different factors, including access to basic services, education, health, and living standards. This approach provides a more comprehensive view of poverty, but it can be difficult to compare results across different countries or regions. Subjective measures of poverty are another approach that has been developed to capture the subjective experience of poverty. These measures ask individuals to self-report their level of satisfaction with their living conditions, income, and access to basic services.
Path to Poverty: Understanding the Systemic Causes and Consequences of Economic Inequality
Author: Marcus Edward Bond
Publisher: Marcus Edward Bond
ISBN:
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 45
Book Description
Defining Poverty: An Introduction Poverty is a complex and multifaceted issue that affects millions of people around the world. However, defining poverty can be a difficult task, as there are many different factors that contribute to it, and it can manifest in different ways depending on the context. At its core, poverty can be described as a lack of access to resources, such as food, water, healthcare, and education. However, poverty can also refer to a lack of social and economic opportunities, as well as a lack of agency and voice. This can make it difficult to define poverty in a way that captures all of its different dimensions. One way that poverty is often measured is through income-based measures. These measures typically use a poverty line, which is a specific income threshold below which individuals or families are considered to be living in poverty. However, this approach has been criticized for being too narrow and not capturing the full extent of poverty, particularly in developing countries where non-monetary factors such as access to basic services may be more important. Multidimensional measures of poverty have been developed as an alternative to income-based measures. These measures take into account a range of different factors, including access to basic services, education, health, and living standards. This approach provides a more comprehensive view of poverty, but it can be difficult to compare results across different countries or regions. Subjective measures of poverty are another approach that has been developed to capture the subjective experience of poverty. These measures ask individuals to self-report their level of satisfaction with their living conditions, income, and access to basic services.
Publisher: Marcus Edward Bond
ISBN:
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 45
Book Description
Defining Poverty: An Introduction Poverty is a complex and multifaceted issue that affects millions of people around the world. However, defining poverty can be a difficult task, as there are many different factors that contribute to it, and it can manifest in different ways depending on the context. At its core, poverty can be described as a lack of access to resources, such as food, water, healthcare, and education. However, poverty can also refer to a lack of social and economic opportunities, as well as a lack of agency and voice. This can make it difficult to define poverty in a way that captures all of its different dimensions. One way that poverty is often measured is through income-based measures. These measures typically use a poverty line, which is a specific income threshold below which individuals or families are considered to be living in poverty. However, this approach has been criticized for being too narrow and not capturing the full extent of poverty, particularly in developing countries where non-monetary factors such as access to basic services may be more important. Multidimensional measures of poverty have been developed as an alternative to income-based measures. These measures take into account a range of different factors, including access to basic services, education, health, and living standards. This approach provides a more comprehensive view of poverty, but it can be difficult to compare results across different countries or regions. Subjective measures of poverty are another approach that has been developed to capture the subjective experience of poverty. These measures ask individuals to self-report their level of satisfaction with their living conditions, income, and access to basic services.
Communities in Action
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583
Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583
Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality
Author: Ms.Era Dabla-Norris
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513547437
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 39
Book Description
This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513547437
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 39
Book Description
This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Understanding Poverty
Author: Sheldon DANZIGER
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674030176
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 577
Book Description
In spite of an unprecedented period of growth and prosperity, the poverty rate in the United States remains high relative to the levels of the early 1970s and relative to those in many industrialized countries today. Understanding Poverty brings the problem of poverty in America to the fore, focusing on its nature and extent at the dawn of the twenty-first century.
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674030176
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 577
Book Description
In spite of an unprecedented period of growth and prosperity, the poverty rate in the United States remains high relative to the levels of the early 1970s and relative to those in many industrialized countries today. Understanding Poverty brings the problem of poverty in America to the fore, focusing on its nature and extent at the dawn of the twenty-first century.
Inequality and Growth
Author: Theo S. Eicher
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262050692
Category : Economic development
Languages : en
Pages : 343
Book Description
Essays exploring the relationship between economic growth and inequality and the implications for policy makers.
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262050692
Category : Economic development
Languages : en
Pages : 343
Book Description
Essays exploring the relationship between economic growth and inequality and the implications for policy makers.
Does Corruption Affect Income Inequality and Poverty?
Author: Mr.Sanjeev Gupta
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451849842
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 42
Book Description
This paper demonstrates that high and rising corruption increases income inequality and poverty by reducing economic growth, the progressivity of the tax system, the level and effectiveness of social spending, and the formation of human capital, and by perpetuating an unequal distribution of asset ownership and unequal access to education. These findings hold for countries with different growth experiences, at different stages of development, and using various indices of corruption. An important implication of these results is that policies that reduce corruption will also lower income inequality and poverty.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451849842
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 42
Book Description
This paper demonstrates that high and rising corruption increases income inequality and poverty by reducing economic growth, the progressivity of the tax system, the level and effectiveness of social spending, and the formation of human capital, and by perpetuating an unequal distribution of asset ownership and unequal access to education. These findings hold for countries with different growth experiences, at different stages of development, and using various indices of corruption. An important implication of these results is that policies that reduce corruption will also lower income inequality and poverty.
A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309483980
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 619
Book Description
The strengths and abilities children develop from infancy through adolescence are crucial for their physical, emotional, and cognitive growth, which in turn help them to achieve success in school and to become responsible, economically self-sufficient, and healthy adults. Capable, responsible, and healthy adults are clearly the foundation of a well-functioning and prosperous society, yet America's future is not as secure as it could be because millions of American children live in families with incomes below the poverty line. A wealth of evidence suggests that a lack of adequate economic resources for families with children compromises these children's ability to grow and achieve adult success, hurting them and the broader society. A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty reviews the research on linkages between child poverty and child well-being, and analyzes the poverty-reducing effects of major assistance programs directed at children and families. This report also provides policy and program recommendations for reducing the number of children living in poverty in the United States by half within 10 years.
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309483980
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 619
Book Description
The strengths and abilities children develop from infancy through adolescence are crucial for their physical, emotional, and cognitive growth, which in turn help them to achieve success in school and to become responsible, economically self-sufficient, and healthy adults. Capable, responsible, and healthy adults are clearly the foundation of a well-functioning and prosperous society, yet America's future is not as secure as it could be because millions of American children live in families with incomes below the poverty line. A wealth of evidence suggests that a lack of adequate economic resources for families with children compromises these children's ability to grow and achieve adult success, hurting them and the broader society. A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty reviews the research on linkages between child poverty and child well-being, and analyzes the poverty-reducing effects of major assistance programs directed at children and families. This report also provides policy and program recommendations for reducing the number of children living in poverty in the United States by half within 10 years.
The Promise of Adolescence
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309490111
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 493
Book Description
Adolescenceâ€"beginning with the onset of puberty and ending in the mid-20sâ€"is a critical period of development during which key areas of the brain mature and develop. These changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity mark adolescence as a period of opportunity to discover new vistas, to form relationships with peers and adults, and to explore one's developing identity. It is also a period of resilience that can ameliorate childhood setbacks and set the stage for a thriving trajectory over the life course. Because adolescents comprise nearly one-fourth of the entire U.S. population, the nation needs policies and practices that will better leverage these developmental opportunities to harness the promise of adolescenceâ€"rather than focusing myopically on containing its risks. This report examines the neurobiological and socio-behavioral science of adolescent development and outlines how this knowledge can be applied, both to promote adolescent well-being, resilience, and development, and to rectify structural barriers and inequalities in opportunity, enabling all adolescents to flourish.
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309490111
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 493
Book Description
Adolescenceâ€"beginning with the onset of puberty and ending in the mid-20sâ€"is a critical period of development during which key areas of the brain mature and develop. These changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity mark adolescence as a period of opportunity to discover new vistas, to form relationships with peers and adults, and to explore one's developing identity. It is also a period of resilience that can ameliorate childhood setbacks and set the stage for a thriving trajectory over the life course. Because adolescents comprise nearly one-fourth of the entire U.S. population, the nation needs policies and practices that will better leverage these developmental opportunities to harness the promise of adolescenceâ€"rather than focusing myopically on containing its risks. This report examines the neurobiological and socio-behavioral science of adolescent development and outlines how this knowledge can be applied, both to promote adolescent well-being, resilience, and development, and to rectify structural barriers and inequalities in opportunity, enabling all adolescents to flourish.
Handbook on Poverty + Inequality
Author: Jonathan Haughton
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821376144
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 446
Book Description
For anyone wanting to learn, in practical terms, how to measure, describe, monitor, evaluate, and analyze poverty, this Handbook is the place to start. It is designed to be accessible to people with a university-level background in science or the social sciences. It is an invaluable tool for policy analysts, researchers, college students, and government officials working on policy issues related to poverty and inequality.
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821376144
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 446
Book Description
For anyone wanting to learn, in practical terms, how to measure, describe, monitor, evaluate, and analyze poverty, this Handbook is the place to start. It is designed to be accessible to people with a university-level background in science or the social sciences. It is an invaluable tool for policy analysts, researchers, college students, and government officials working on policy issues related to poverty and inequality.
Links Between Growth, Inequality, and Poverty: A Survey
Author: Ms. Valerie Cerra
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513572660
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 54
Book Description
Is there a tradeoff between raising growth and reducing inequality and poverty? This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the complex links between growth, inequality, and poverty, with causation going in both directions. The evidence suggests that growth can be effective in reducing poverty, but its impact on inequality is ambiguous and depends on the underlying sources of growth. The impact of poverty and inequality on growth is likewise ambiguous, as several channels mediate the relationship. But most plausible mechanisms suggest that poverty and inequality reduce growth, at least in the long run. Policies play a role in shaping these relationships and those designed to improve equality of opportunity can simultaneously improve inclusiveness and growth.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513572660
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 54
Book Description
Is there a tradeoff between raising growth and reducing inequality and poverty? This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the complex links between growth, inequality, and poverty, with causation going in both directions. The evidence suggests that growth can be effective in reducing poverty, but its impact on inequality is ambiguous and depends on the underlying sources of growth. The impact of poverty and inequality on growth is likewise ambiguous, as several channels mediate the relationship. But most plausible mechanisms suggest that poverty and inequality reduce growth, at least in the long run. Policies play a role in shaping these relationships and those designed to improve equality of opportunity can simultaneously improve inclusiveness and growth.