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Author: Genevieve Connors Yeley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The incidence of childhood and adolescent overweight in the United States is increasing at an alarming rate and is now considered the most prevalent nutritional disease of children and adolescents in this country. Although much attention has focused on genetic research, and heredity is an unarguable component of obesity, the role of the environment must be considered because genetic changes over entire populations are not likely to occur at such a rapid rate. In observing today's environment where energy-dense foods abound, restaurant dining has increased, and children are more sedentary than ever, the current trends in child/adolescent weight status are not surprising. This study digs to the heart of worrisome eating habits by exploring the development of these behaviors in the family. Previous studies show that parents' use of child feeding practices is related to their children's weight status. It is hypothesized that children of parents who utilize highly controlling feeding strategies (pressure, restriction, monitoring) will have nutrient intakes and weight indicators that are either higher or lower than the average for children whose parents exert less control over the eating domain. The objective of this research is to discover if significant relationships exist between parental child feeding strategies and child/adolescent overweight or underweight and nutrient intake. Birch's model explaining familial resemblances in eating and weight status was tested using her previously validated Child Feeding Questionnaire, standard anthropometric techniques, three days of diet records, and a previously validated child questionnaire. Three-hundred and twelve children/adolescents, 254 mothers, and 245 fathers from the Houston Metropolitan Statistical Area completed interviews, and data was analyzed with the Statistical Analysis System (SAS). Results confirmed the validity of Birch's model and previous studies that found significant relationships between child feeding strategies and children's nutrition status. Parents who pressured their children to eat (motivated by concern about the child being underweight) were more likely to have children with lower BMI percentiles and skinfolds while parents who monitored or restricted the child's intake had children with higher BMI percentiles and skinfold thicknesses. No clear relationships were found between feeding styles and nutrient intake.
Author: Genevieve Connors Yeley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The incidence of childhood and adolescent overweight in the United States is increasing at an alarming rate and is now considered the most prevalent nutritional disease of children and adolescents in this country. Although much attention has focused on genetic research, and heredity is an unarguable component of obesity, the role of the environment must be considered because genetic changes over entire populations are not likely to occur at such a rapid rate. In observing today's environment where energy-dense foods abound, restaurant dining has increased, and children are more sedentary than ever, the current trends in child/adolescent weight status are not surprising. This study digs to the heart of worrisome eating habits by exploring the development of these behaviors in the family. Previous studies show that parents' use of child feeding practices is related to their children's weight status. It is hypothesized that children of parents who utilize highly controlling feeding strategies (pressure, restriction, monitoring) will have nutrient intakes and weight indicators that are either higher or lower than the average for children whose parents exert less control over the eating domain. The objective of this research is to discover if significant relationships exist between parental child feeding strategies and child/adolescent overweight or underweight and nutrient intake. Birch's model explaining familial resemblances in eating and weight status was tested using her previously validated Child Feeding Questionnaire, standard anthropometric techniques, three days of diet records, and a previously validated child questionnaire. Three-hundred and twelve children/adolescents, 254 mothers, and 245 fathers from the Houston Metropolitan Statistical Area completed interviews, and data was analyzed with the Statistical Analysis System (SAS). Results confirmed the validity of Birch's model and previous studies that found significant relationships between child feeding strategies and children's nutrition status. Parents who pressured their children to eat (motivated by concern about the child being underweight) were more likely to have children with lower BMI percentiles and skinfolds while parents who monitored or restricted the child's intake had children with higher BMI percentiles and skinfold thicknesses. No clear relationships were found between feeding styles and nutrient intake.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309388570
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 525
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Book Description
Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.
Author: Donald A. P. Bundy
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464804397
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 977
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Book Description
More children born today will survive to adulthood than at any time in history. It is now time to emphasize health and development in middle childhood and adolescence--developmental phases that are critical to health in adulthood and the next generation. Child and Adolescent Health and Development explores the benefits that accrue from sustained and targeted interventions across the first two decades of life. The volume outlines the investment case for effective, costed, and scalable interventions for low-resource settings, emphasizing the cross-sectoral role of education. This evidence base can guide policy makers in prioritizing actions to promote survival, health, cognition, and physical growth throughout childhood and adolescence.
Author: Judy More
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 144411185X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 265
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Book Description
This evidence-based, practical guide provides an introduction to the theory behind child nutrition with practical advice on how to put that theory into practice, including case studies, key points, and activities to help readers learn. Divided into three sections, the chapters cover prenatal nutrition and nutrition throughout childhood from preterm babies to adolescents up to the age of 18. Section 1: Introduction to the growth, nutrients, and food groups. Section 2: Providing a balanced eating pattern for each age group, chapters include expected growth patterns, development affecting eating and drinking skills, as well as common problems such as reflux in babies, fussy eaters in the toddler years, and eating disorders and pregnancy in the teenage years. Section 3: Common problems/disorders that can occur at any stage throughout childhood such as obesity, diabetes, and food intolerances. Chapters will also cover nutritional support in the community, reflecting the increasing numbers of chronically sick children who are now managed in the primary care setting. This book is essential reading for nutrition and dietetics students, as well as student children's nurses and health and social care students. It will also be a useful reference for those responsible for the nutritional health of children in primary care and community settings (including nurses, midwives, health visitors, GPs, social workers, nursery nurses, early years workers, and school nurses).
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9789241562218
Category : Family & Relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Book Description
WHO and UNICEF jointly developed this global strategy to focus world attention on the impact that feeding practices have on the nutritional status, growth and development, health, and thus the very survival of infants and young children. The strategy is the result of a comprehensive two-year participatory process. It is based on the evidence of nutrition's significance in the early months and years of life, and of the crucial role that appropriate feeding practices play in achieving optimal health outcomes. The strategy is intended as a guide for action; it identifies interventions with a proven positive impact; it emphasizes providing mothers and families the support they need to carry out their crucial roles, and it explicitly defines the obligations and responsibilities in this regards of governments, international organizations, and other concerned parties.
Author: Kathryn Walton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Food parenting practices influence child and adolescent nutrition. However, existing research has produced equivocal results, likely due to two key limitations: reliance on parent-report and failing to consider the context within which feeding occurs. Parental report data is subject to error and bias, and family functioning may influence how feeding is experienced by the child/adolescent. Further, there is little understanding of how family meal routines are established and why some families eat together while others do not. This thesis includes four papers that aim to address these limitations. Paper one explores cross-sectional associations between family dinner frequency, a structured food parenting practice, and dietary intake (n = 2 728 youth), while exploring whether family functioning moderates or confounds the association. Regardless of level of family functioning, more frequent family dinners were associated with improved diet quality for youth. Paper two explores the role of family functioning in the association between observed mothers' and fathers' food parenting practices and children's nutrition risk (n=73 families with preschoolers). Mothers', but not fathers', food parenting practices were associated with their children's nutrition risk. Family functioning did not moderate or confound these associations. Paper three qualitatively explores how family meal routines are established (n=20 families with preschoolers). Families approach family meals from one of three overarching orientations: meals for togetherness, nutrition messaging, or necessity. These orientations were influenced by parents' early life experiences and major life transitions. Differences in the messages parents share about food and eating and challenges they experience with mealtimes were observed across the orientations. Paper four comments on the future of research exploring food parenting practices. We argue that the current conceptualization of picky eating defines acts of resistance or expressions of preference by a child as deviant behaviour. A reconceptualization of picky eating is presented with suggestions for future research methods to explore food parenting and child eating habits bi-directionally. Findings from this thesis increase our understanding of the impact of food parenting practices on child and adolescent dietary intake and how family meal routines are established. Results will help improve family-based nutrition interventions and pediatric/adolescent nutrition care in Canada.
Author: Elizabeth Bollinger Ruzicka
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Food security
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Introduction: Controlling child feeding practices, restriction and pressure to eat, influence the development of adolescent obesity and eating-related behaviors. Adolescents from low-income households are at heightened risk for obesity. They may be particularly susceptible to obesogenic eating patterns due to greater availability of high energy-dense foods. Research has yet to investigate how parent and adolescent perspectives of feeding practices may be differentially related to adolescent weight and eating behaviors. The present study sought to (1) examine the associations between adolescent and parent perception of controlling child feeding practices (restriction and pressure to eat) and adolescent weight and obesogenic eating patterns among adolescents from a low-income background and (2) the potential moderating effects of household food insecurity and race. Methods: Participants included N=73 adolescent and parent dyads living within low-income households. As part of a larger laboratory-based study focused on adolescent stress and health, adolescents (13-17 yrs, M = 13.6, SD = 1.4, 47.9% female,) and their parents (Mage = 40.1, SD = 7.5, 93.2% female) completed questionnaires assessing eating patterns and perception of parental use of controlling feeding practices, restriction and pressure to eat. Adolescent and parent height and weight were measured objectively. Results: In bootstrapped linear regression models, parent-report restriction 95% CI [3.84, 18.08] and pressure to eat 95% CI [-14.42, -.04] were significantly associated with adolescent weight. Adolescent-report of restriction was significantly associated with obesogenic eating patterns, emotional 95% CI [.09, 2.56] and external eating 95% CI [.15, 3.19]. Adolescent-report of pressure to eat was significantly associated with both emotional 95% CI [.32, 2.79] and external eating 95% CI [.04, 2.56]. Parent and adolescent-report of restriction and pressure to eat were not significantly associated. No moderating effects of household food insecurity were identified. The associations between adolescent-reported pressure to eat and adolescent obesogenic eating were moderated by race, such that the associations were present in families with a White parent, but were not present in families with an African American parent (emotional eating F(1, 63) = 7.91, p
Author: Antje Hebestreit
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039216007
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
In recent years, diet- and lifestyle-related disorders have become a major health threat in Europe and worldwide. The contributions in this monograph include 2 review articles and 19 original contributions from several countries that provide new information on the existing research elucidating important aspects of children’s and adolescents’ nutrition and lifestyle behavior. The data included in this Special Issue are from large epidemiological studies, including several multicenter and multinational studies, as well as datasets from surveillance initiatives. The topics of interest of this Special Issue include the co-occurrence of multiple health behaviors in children, the role of parenting and early feeding practices, dairy consumption in childhood, validity of dietary intake data, dietary supplement use in children, as well as socioeconomic disparities and eating culture. The diverse articles in this Special Issue highlight the complexity and extent to which nutrition and physical activity behaviors may influence different health aspects of children and adolescents. As seen by the various findings and recommendations, not only is more work in this area required but the translation of this work to practice and policy is imperative if we are to address the challenges impacting the nutrition, physical activity, and health of young populations.
Author: Barbara H. Fiese
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303074342X
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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Book Description
This book synthesizes research about the effects of food insecurity on children, families, and households, emphasizing multiple pathways and variations across developmental contexts. It focuses on emerging new methods that allow for a more refined approach to practice and policy. The volume provides a brief overview of the topic, and additional empirical chapters pose and address unanswered research questions. It concludes with a short commentary, providing recommendations for future research and policy and yielding a significant and timely contribution to advance developmental scientific knowledge and promote its use to improve the lives of children and families. Featured areas of coverage include: The effects of early food insecurity on children’s academic and socio-emotional outcomes. The effects of household food insecurity on children with disabilities. Early childhood access to Women, Infants, and. Children (WIC) and school readiness. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and adolescent mental health. Food Insecurity in Families with Children is an essential resource for policy makers and related professionals as well as graduate students and researchers in developmental, clinical, and school psychology, child, youth and family policy, public health, and social work.
Author: Alex McIntosh
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781600213410
Category : Family & Relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
This book uses unique dataset to examine parental influence on children's dietary intake and whether or not the children will become obese. The study shows that household income, parents' time spent with children, and parents' work experiences significantly affect children's energy and fat intake and obesity-related outcomes. For example, the more time mothers spent with their children, the lower the children's Body Mass Index (BMI) was. On the other hand, the more time fathers spent with their children, the higher the children's BMI was. And the more time both fathers and mothers spent with their children, the higher their children's fat intake (as a percentage of energy) was. In general, mothers tended to have a greater effect on their children's dietary intake than fathers did. Both parents seemed to influence children ages 9-11 more than they did children ages 13-15. This publication is based on a government report augmented by a full index and related literature report.
