Author: Mohammad A. Tayebi
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030412512
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 253
Book Description
This book shows how open source intelligence can be a powerful tool for combating crime by linking local and global patterns to help understand how criminal activities are connected. Readers will encounter the latest advances in cutting-edge data mining, machine learning and predictive analytics combined with natural language processing and social network analysis to detect, disrupt, and neutralize cyber and physical threats. Chapters contain state-of-the-art social media analytics and open source intelligence research trends. This multidisciplinary volume will appeal to students, researchers, and professionals working in the fields of open source intelligence, cyber crime and social network analytics. Chapter Automated Text Analysis for Intelligence Purposes: A Psychological Operations Case Study is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Open Source Intelligence and Cyber Crime
Author: Mohammad A. Tayebi
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030412512
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 253
Book Description
This book shows how open source intelligence can be a powerful tool for combating crime by linking local and global patterns to help understand how criminal activities are connected. Readers will encounter the latest advances in cutting-edge data mining, machine learning and predictive analytics combined with natural language processing and social network analysis to detect, disrupt, and neutralize cyber and physical threats. Chapters contain state-of-the-art social media analytics and open source intelligence research trends. This multidisciplinary volume will appeal to students, researchers, and professionals working in the fields of open source intelligence, cyber crime and social network analytics. Chapter Automated Text Analysis for Intelligence Purposes: A Psychological Operations Case Study is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030412512
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 253
Book Description
This book shows how open source intelligence can be a powerful tool for combating crime by linking local and global patterns to help understand how criminal activities are connected. Readers will encounter the latest advances in cutting-edge data mining, machine learning and predictive analytics combined with natural language processing and social network analysis to detect, disrupt, and neutralize cyber and physical threats. Chapters contain state-of-the-art social media analytics and open source intelligence research trends. This multidisciplinary volume will appeal to students, researchers, and professionals working in the fields of open source intelligence, cyber crime and social network analytics. Chapter Automated Text Analysis for Intelligence Purposes: A Psychological Operations Case Study is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Open Source Intelligence Investigation
Author: Babak Akhgar
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319476718
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 302
Book Description
One of the most important aspects for a successful police operation is the ability for the police to obtain timely, reliable and actionable intelligence related to the investigation or incident at hand. Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) provides an invaluable avenue to access and collect such information in addition to traditional investigative techniques and information sources. This book offers an authoritative and accessible guide on how to conduct Open Source Intelligence investigations from data collection to analysis to the design and vetting of OSINT tools. In its pages the reader will find a comprehensive view into the newest methods for OSINT analytics and visualizations in combination with real-life case studies to showcase the application as well as the challenges of OSINT investigations across domains. Examples of OSINT range from information posted on social media as one of the most openly available means of accessing and gathering Open Source Intelligence to location data, OSINT obtained from the darkweb to combinations of OSINT with real-time analytical capabilities and closed sources. In addition it provides guidance on legal and ethical considerations making it relevant reading for practitioners as well as academics and students with a view to obtain thorough, first-hand knowledge from serving experts in the field.
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319476718
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 302
Book Description
One of the most important aspects for a successful police operation is the ability for the police to obtain timely, reliable and actionable intelligence related to the investigation or incident at hand. Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) provides an invaluable avenue to access and collect such information in addition to traditional investigative techniques and information sources. This book offers an authoritative and accessible guide on how to conduct Open Source Intelligence investigations from data collection to analysis to the design and vetting of OSINT tools. In its pages the reader will find a comprehensive view into the newest methods for OSINT analytics and visualizations in combination with real-life case studies to showcase the application as well as the challenges of OSINT investigations across domains. Examples of OSINT range from information posted on social media as one of the most openly available means of accessing and gathering Open Source Intelligence to location data, OSINT obtained from the darkweb to combinations of OSINT with real-time analytical capabilities and closed sources. In addition it provides guidance on legal and ethical considerations making it relevant reading for practitioners as well as academics and students with a view to obtain thorough, first-hand knowledge from serving experts in the field.
Hunting Cyber Criminals
Author: Vinny Troia
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119540925
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 544
Book Description
The skills and tools for collecting, verifying and correlating information from different types of systems is an essential skill when tracking down hackers. This book explores Open Source Intelligence Gathering (OSINT) inside out from multiple perspectives, including those of hackers and seasoned intelligence experts. OSINT refers to the techniques and tools required to harvest publicly available data concerning a person or an organization. With several years of experience of tracking hackers with OSINT, the author whips up a classical plot-line involving a hunt for a threat actor. While taking the audience through the thrilling investigative drama, the author immerses the audience with in-depth knowledge of state-of-the-art OSINT tools and techniques. Technical users will want a basic understanding of the Linux command line in order to follow the examples. But a person with no Linux or programming experience can still gain a lot from this book through the commentaries. This book’s unique digital investigation proposition is a combination of story-telling, tutorials, and case studies. The book explores digital investigation from multiple angles: Through the eyes of the author who has several years of experience in the subject. Through the mind of the hacker who collects massive amounts of data from multiple online sources to identify targets as well as ways to hit the targets. Through the eyes of industry leaders. This book is ideal for: Investigation professionals, forensic analysts, and CISO/CIO and other executives wanting to understand the mindset of a hacker and how seemingly harmless information can be used to target their organization. Security analysts, forensic investigators, and SOC teams looking for new approaches on digital investigations from the perspective of collecting and parsing publicly available information. CISOs and defense teams will find this book useful because it takes the perspective of infiltrating an organization from the mindset of a hacker. The commentary provided by outside experts will also provide them with ideas to further protect their organization’s data.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119540925
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 544
Book Description
The skills and tools for collecting, verifying and correlating information from different types of systems is an essential skill when tracking down hackers. This book explores Open Source Intelligence Gathering (OSINT) inside out from multiple perspectives, including those of hackers and seasoned intelligence experts. OSINT refers to the techniques and tools required to harvest publicly available data concerning a person or an organization. With several years of experience of tracking hackers with OSINT, the author whips up a classical plot-line involving a hunt for a threat actor. While taking the audience through the thrilling investigative drama, the author immerses the audience with in-depth knowledge of state-of-the-art OSINT tools and techniques. Technical users will want a basic understanding of the Linux command line in order to follow the examples. But a person with no Linux or programming experience can still gain a lot from this book through the commentaries. This book’s unique digital investigation proposition is a combination of story-telling, tutorials, and case studies. The book explores digital investigation from multiple angles: Through the eyes of the author who has several years of experience in the subject. Through the mind of the hacker who collects massive amounts of data from multiple online sources to identify targets as well as ways to hit the targets. Through the eyes of industry leaders. This book is ideal for: Investigation professionals, forensic analysts, and CISO/CIO and other executives wanting to understand the mindset of a hacker and how seemingly harmless information can be used to target their organization. Security analysts, forensic investigators, and SOC teams looking for new approaches on digital investigations from the perspective of collecting and parsing publicly available information. CISOs and defense teams will find this book useful because it takes the perspective of infiltrating an organization from the mindset of a hacker. The commentary provided by outside experts will also provide them with ideas to further protect their organization’s data.
Open Source Intelligence Methods and Tools
Author: Nihad A. Hassan
Publisher: Apress
ISBN: 1484232135
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 371
Book Description
Apply Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) techniques, methods, and tools to acquire information from publicly available online sources to support your intelligence analysis. Use the harvested data in different scenarios such as financial, crime, and terrorism investigations as well as performing business competition analysis and acquiring intelligence about individuals and other entities. This book will also improve your skills to acquire information online from both the regular Internet as well as the hidden web through its two sub-layers: the deep web and the dark web. The author includes many OSINT resources that can be used by intelligence agencies as well as by enterprises to monitor trends on a global level, identify risks, and gather competitor intelligence so more effective decisions can be made. You will discover techniques, methods, and tools that are equally used by hackers and penetration testers to gather intelligence about a specific target online. And you will be aware of how OSINT resources can be used in conducting social engineering attacks. Open Source Intelligence Methods and Tools takes a practical approach and lists hundreds of OSINT resources that can be used to gather intelligence from online public sources. The book also covers how to anonymize your digital identity online so you can conduct your searching activities without revealing your identity. What You’ll Learn Identify intelligence needs and leverage a broad range of tools and sources to improve data collection, analysis, and decision making in your organization Use OSINT resources to protect individuals and enterprises by discovering data that is online, exposed, and sensitive and hide the data before it is revealed by outside attackers Gather corporate intelligence about business competitors and predict future market directions Conduct advanced searches to gather intelligence from social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter Understand the different layers that make up the Internet and how to search within the invisible web which contains both the deep and the dark webs Who This Book Is For Penetration testers, digital forensics investigators, intelligence services, military, law enforcement, UN agencies, and for-profit/non-profit enterprises
Publisher: Apress
ISBN: 1484232135
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 371
Book Description
Apply Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) techniques, methods, and tools to acquire information from publicly available online sources to support your intelligence analysis. Use the harvested data in different scenarios such as financial, crime, and terrorism investigations as well as performing business competition analysis and acquiring intelligence about individuals and other entities. This book will also improve your skills to acquire information online from both the regular Internet as well as the hidden web through its two sub-layers: the deep web and the dark web. The author includes many OSINT resources that can be used by intelligence agencies as well as by enterprises to monitor trends on a global level, identify risks, and gather competitor intelligence so more effective decisions can be made. You will discover techniques, methods, and tools that are equally used by hackers and penetration testers to gather intelligence about a specific target online. And you will be aware of how OSINT resources can be used in conducting social engineering attacks. Open Source Intelligence Methods and Tools takes a practical approach and lists hundreds of OSINT resources that can be used to gather intelligence from online public sources. The book also covers how to anonymize your digital identity online so you can conduct your searching activities without revealing your identity. What You’ll Learn Identify intelligence needs and leverage a broad range of tools and sources to improve data collection, analysis, and decision making in your organization Use OSINT resources to protect individuals and enterprises by discovering data that is online, exposed, and sensitive and hide the data before it is revealed by outside attackers Gather corporate intelligence about business competitors and predict future market directions Conduct advanced searches to gather intelligence from social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter Understand the different layers that make up the Internet and how to search within the invisible web which contains both the deep and the dark webs Who This Book Is For Penetration testers, digital forensics investigators, intelligence services, military, law enforcement, UN agencies, and for-profit/non-profit enterprises
Security Informatics
Author: Christopher C. Yang
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441913254
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 171
Book Description
Intelligence and Security Informatics (ISI) is defined as the study of the development and use of advanced information systems and technologies for national, international, and societal security-related applications. With the rise of global terrorism, the field has been given an increasing amount of attention from academic researchers, law enforcement, intelligent experts, information technology consultants and practitioners. SECURITY INFORMATICS is global in scope and perspective. Leading experts will be invited as contributing authors from the US, UK, Denmark, Israel, Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Europe, etc. It is the first systematic, archival volume treatment of the field and will cover the very latest advances in ISI research and practice. It is organized in four major subject areas: (1) Information and Systems Security, (2) Information Sharing and Analysis in Security Informatics, (3) Infrastructure Protection and Emergency Responses, and (4) National Security and Terrorism Informatics.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441913254
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 171
Book Description
Intelligence and Security Informatics (ISI) is defined as the study of the development and use of advanced information systems and technologies for national, international, and societal security-related applications. With the rise of global terrorism, the field has been given an increasing amount of attention from academic researchers, law enforcement, intelligent experts, information technology consultants and practitioners. SECURITY INFORMATICS is global in scope and perspective. Leading experts will be invited as contributing authors from the US, UK, Denmark, Israel, Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Europe, etc. It is the first systematic, archival volume treatment of the field and will cover the very latest advances in ISI research and practice. It is organized in four major subject areas: (1) Information and Systems Security, (2) Information Sharing and Analysis in Security Informatics, (3) Infrastructure Protection and Emergency Responses, and (4) National Security and Terrorism Informatics.
Automating Open Source Intelligence
Author: Robert Layton
Publisher: Syngress
ISBN: 012802917X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 224
Book Description
Algorithms for Automating Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) presents information on the gathering of information and extraction of actionable intelligence from openly available sources, including news broadcasts, public repositories, and more recently, social media. As OSINT has applications in crime fighting, state-based intelligence, and social research, this book provides recent advances in text mining, web crawling, and other algorithms that have led to advances in methods that can largely automate this process. The book is beneficial to both practitioners and academic researchers, with discussions of the latest advances in applications, a coherent set of methods and processes for automating OSINT, and interdisciplinary perspectives on the key problems identified within each discipline. Drawing upon years of practical experience and using numerous examples, editors Robert Layton, Paul Watters, and a distinguished list of contributors discuss Evidence Accumulation Strategies for OSINT, Named Entity Resolution in Social Media, Analyzing Social Media Campaigns for Group Size Estimation, Surveys and qualitative techniques in OSINT, and Geospatial reasoning of open data. - Presents a coherent set of methods and processes for automating OSINT - Focuses on algorithms and applications allowing the practitioner to get up and running quickly - Includes fully developed case studies on the digital underground and predicting crime through OSINT - Discusses the ethical considerations when using publicly available online data
Publisher: Syngress
ISBN: 012802917X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 224
Book Description
Algorithms for Automating Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) presents information on the gathering of information and extraction of actionable intelligence from openly available sources, including news broadcasts, public repositories, and more recently, social media. As OSINT has applications in crime fighting, state-based intelligence, and social research, this book provides recent advances in text mining, web crawling, and other algorithms that have led to advances in methods that can largely automate this process. The book is beneficial to both practitioners and academic researchers, with discussions of the latest advances in applications, a coherent set of methods and processes for automating OSINT, and interdisciplinary perspectives on the key problems identified within each discipline. Drawing upon years of practical experience and using numerous examples, editors Robert Layton, Paul Watters, and a distinguished list of contributors discuss Evidence Accumulation Strategies for OSINT, Named Entity Resolution in Social Media, Analyzing Social Media Campaigns for Group Size Estimation, Surveys and qualitative techniques in OSINT, and Geospatial reasoning of open data. - Presents a coherent set of methods and processes for automating OSINT - Focuses on algorithms and applications allowing the practitioner to get up and running quickly - Includes fully developed case studies on the digital underground and predicting crime through OSINT - Discusses the ethical considerations when using publicly available online data
Internet Searches for Vetting, Investigations, and Open-Source Intelligence
Author: Edward J. Appel
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781439827512
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 320
Book Description
In the information age, it is critical that we understand the implications and exposure of the activities and data documented on the Internet. Improved efficiencies and the added capabilities of instant communication, high-speed connectivity to browsers, search engines, websites, databases, indexing, searching and analytical applications have made information technology (IT) and the Internet a vital issued for public and private enterprises. The downside is that this increased level of complexity and vulnerability presents a daunting challenge for enterprise and personal security. Internet Searches for Vetting, Investigations, and Open-Source Intelligence provides an understanding of the implications of the activities and data documented by individuals on the Internet. It delineates a much-needed framework for the responsible collection and use of the Internet for intelligence, investigation, vetting, and open-source information. This book makes a compelling case for action as well as reviews relevant laws, regulations, and rulings as they pertain to Internet crimes, misbehaviors, and individuals’ privacy. Exploring technologies such as social media and aggregate information services, the author outlines the techniques and skills that can be used to leverage the capabilities of networked systems on the Internet and find critically important data to complete an up-to-date picture of people, employees, entities, and their activities. Outlining appropriate adoption of legal, policy, and procedural principles—and emphasizing the careful and appropriate use of Internet searching within the law—the book includes coverage of cases, privacy issues, and solutions for common problems encountered in Internet searching practice and information usage, from internal and external threats. The book is a valuable resource on how to utilize open-source, online sources to gather important information and screen and vet employees, prospective employees, corporate partners, and vendors.
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781439827512
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 320
Book Description
In the information age, it is critical that we understand the implications and exposure of the activities and data documented on the Internet. Improved efficiencies and the added capabilities of instant communication, high-speed connectivity to browsers, search engines, websites, databases, indexing, searching and analytical applications have made information technology (IT) and the Internet a vital issued for public and private enterprises. The downside is that this increased level of complexity and vulnerability presents a daunting challenge for enterprise and personal security. Internet Searches for Vetting, Investigations, and Open-Source Intelligence provides an understanding of the implications of the activities and data documented by individuals on the Internet. It delineates a much-needed framework for the responsible collection and use of the Internet for intelligence, investigation, vetting, and open-source information. This book makes a compelling case for action as well as reviews relevant laws, regulations, and rulings as they pertain to Internet crimes, misbehaviors, and individuals’ privacy. Exploring technologies such as social media and aggregate information services, the author outlines the techniques and skills that can be used to leverage the capabilities of networked systems on the Internet and find critically important data to complete an up-to-date picture of people, employees, entities, and their activities. Outlining appropriate adoption of legal, policy, and procedural principles—and emphasizing the careful and appropriate use of Internet searching within the law—the book includes coverage of cases, privacy issues, and solutions for common problems encountered in Internet searching practice and information usage, from internal and external threats. The book is a valuable resource on how to utilize open-source, online sources to gather important information and screen and vet employees, prospective employees, corporate partners, and vendors.
Open Source Intelligence Techniques
Author: Michael Bazzell
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781530508907
Category : Computer security
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
This book will serve as a reference guide for anyone that is responsible for the collection of online content. It is written in a hands-on style that encourages the reader to execute the tutorials as they go. The search techniques offered will inspire analysts to "think outside the box" when scouring the internet for personal information. Much of the content of this book has never been discussed in any publication. Always thinking like a hacker, the author has identified new ways to use various technologies for an unintended purpose. This book will improve anyone's online investigative skills. Among other techniques, you will learn how to locate: Hidden Social Network Content, Cell Phone Owner Information, Twitter GPS & Account Data, Hidden Photo GPS & Metadata, Deleted Websites & Posts, Website Owner Information, Alias Social Network Profiles, Additional User Accounts, Sensitive Documents & Photos, Live Streaming Social Content, IP Addresses of Users, Newspaper Archives & Scans, Social Content by Location, Private Email Addresses, Historical Satellite Imagery, Duplicate Copies of Photos, Local Personal Radio Frequencies, Compromised Email Information, Wireless Routers by Location, Hidden Mapping Applications, Complete Facebook Data, Free Investigative Software, Alternative Search Engines, Stolen Items for Sale, Unlisted Addresses, Unlisted Phone Numbers, Public Government Records, Document Metadata, Rental Vehicle Contracts, Online Criminal Activity.
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781530508907
Category : Computer security
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
This book will serve as a reference guide for anyone that is responsible for the collection of online content. It is written in a hands-on style that encourages the reader to execute the tutorials as they go. The search techniques offered will inspire analysts to "think outside the box" when scouring the internet for personal information. Much of the content of this book has never been discussed in any publication. Always thinking like a hacker, the author has identified new ways to use various technologies for an unintended purpose. This book will improve anyone's online investigative skills. Among other techniques, you will learn how to locate: Hidden Social Network Content, Cell Phone Owner Information, Twitter GPS & Account Data, Hidden Photo GPS & Metadata, Deleted Websites & Posts, Website Owner Information, Alias Social Network Profiles, Additional User Accounts, Sensitive Documents & Photos, Live Streaming Social Content, IP Addresses of Users, Newspaper Archives & Scans, Social Content by Location, Private Email Addresses, Historical Satellite Imagery, Duplicate Copies of Photos, Local Personal Radio Frequencies, Compromised Email Information, Wireless Routers by Location, Hidden Mapping Applications, Complete Facebook Data, Free Investigative Software, Alternative Search Engines, Stolen Items for Sale, Unlisted Addresses, Unlisted Phone Numbers, Public Government Records, Document Metadata, Rental Vehicle Contracts, Online Criminal Activity.
Digital Witness
Author: Sam Dubberley
Publisher:
ISBN: 0198836066
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 385
Book Description
This book covers the developing field of open source research and discusses how to use social media, satellite imagery, big data analytics, and user-generated content to strengthen human rights research and investigations. The topics are presented in an accessible format through extensive use of images and data visualization.
Publisher:
ISBN: 0198836066
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 385
Book Description
This book covers the developing field of open source research and discusses how to use social media, satellite imagery, big data analytics, and user-generated content to strengthen human rights research and investigations. The topics are presented in an accessible format through extensive use of images and data visualization.
Inside Cyber Warfare
Author: Jeffrey Carr
Publisher: "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN: 1449382991
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 236
Book Description
What people are saying about Inside Cyber Warfare "The necessary handbook for the 21st century." --Lewis Shepherd, Chief Tech Officer and Senior Fellow, Microsoft Institute for Advanced Technology in Governments "A must-read for policy makers and leaders who need to understand the big-picture landscape of cyber war." --Jim Stogdill, CTO, Mission Services Accenture You may have heard about "cyber warfare" in the news, but do you really know what it is? This book provides fascinating and disturbing details on how nations, groups, and individuals throughout the world are using the Internet as an attack platform to gain military, political, and economic advantages over their adversaries. You'll learn how sophisticated hackers working on behalf of states or organized crime patiently play a high-stakes game that could target anyone, regardless of affiliation or nationality. Inside Cyber Warfare goes beyond the headlines of attention-grabbing DDoS attacks and takes a deep look inside multiple cyber-conflicts that occurred from 2002 through summer 2009. Learn how cyber attacks are waged in open conflicts, including recent hostilities between Russia and Georgia, and Israel and Palestine Discover why Twitter, Facebook, LiveJournal, Vkontakte, and other sites on the social web are mined by the intelligence services of many nations Read about China's commitment to penetrate the networks of its technologically superior adversaries as a matter of national survival Find out why many attacks originate from servers in the United States, and who's responsible Learn how hackers are "weaponizing" malware to attack vulnerabilities at the application level
Publisher: "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN: 1449382991
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 236
Book Description
What people are saying about Inside Cyber Warfare "The necessary handbook for the 21st century." --Lewis Shepherd, Chief Tech Officer and Senior Fellow, Microsoft Institute for Advanced Technology in Governments "A must-read for policy makers and leaders who need to understand the big-picture landscape of cyber war." --Jim Stogdill, CTO, Mission Services Accenture You may have heard about "cyber warfare" in the news, but do you really know what it is? This book provides fascinating and disturbing details on how nations, groups, and individuals throughout the world are using the Internet as an attack platform to gain military, political, and economic advantages over their adversaries. You'll learn how sophisticated hackers working on behalf of states or organized crime patiently play a high-stakes game that could target anyone, regardless of affiliation or nationality. Inside Cyber Warfare goes beyond the headlines of attention-grabbing DDoS attacks and takes a deep look inside multiple cyber-conflicts that occurred from 2002 through summer 2009. Learn how cyber attacks are waged in open conflicts, including recent hostilities between Russia and Georgia, and Israel and Palestine Discover why Twitter, Facebook, LiveJournal, Vkontakte, and other sites on the social web are mined by the intelligence services of many nations Read about China's commitment to penetrate the networks of its technologically superior adversaries as a matter of national survival Find out why many attacks originate from servers in the United States, and who's responsible Learn how hackers are "weaponizing" malware to attack vulnerabilities at the application level