Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cadmium
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Book Description
Occupational Exposure to Cadmium in the Construction Industry
Author: Occupational Exposure to Cadmium in the Construction Industry
Author: Occupational Exposure to Cadmium
Author: Cadmium
Author: U. S. LaborPublisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781478114345
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Book Description
OSHA 3136-06R, Cadmium, addresses how workers in many industries face potential exposure to cadmium. Cadmium, a naturally occurring element found in the earth's crust, was discovered in 1817, but was not used commercially until the end of the 19th century. This soft, silver-white metal was first used in paint pigments and as a substitute for tin in World War I. Today, about three-fourths of cadmium is used as an electrode component in alkaline batteries, with the remainder used I pigments, coatings, and platings and as a stabilizer for plastics. The potential for exposure is highest among workers in electroplating, metal machining, plastics, ceramics, paint, and welding operations. The main exposure routes are through inhalation of dust and fumes and the incidental ingestion of dust from contaminated hands, food, or cigarettes. Workers may also be exposed to cadmium from the smelting and refining of metals or from air in industrial plants that manufacture batteries, coatings or plastics. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry estimated that more than 500,000 workers in the United States face exposure to cadmium each year. The primary and most serious adverse health effects of long-term exposure to cadmium include kidney dysfunction, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. Cadmium may cause local skin or eye irritation and can affect long-term health if inhaled or ingested. Workers face a greater danger of cadmium exposure from inhalation than from ingestion. Exposure to cadmium that may be dangerous to life or health may occur in jobs in which workers are exposed to cadmium dust or fumes, where they heat compounds or surfaces that contain cadmium, or where workers weld or cut with materials or solders that contain cadmium. OSHA moved to protect workers exposed to cadmium more than 30 years ago when it adopted the American National Standards Institute's (ANSI) threshold limit values (TLVs) for cadmium as a national consensus standard under the authority of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Section 6(a) in 1971. In 1992, OSHA reduced the exposure limits after a quantitative risk assessment and a long-term evaluation of epidemiological studies of lung cancer and renal dysfunction among workers and animal studies. The revised exposure limits were published in the Federal Register (Title 29 CFT, Part 1910. 1027) and took effect on December 14, 1992. The full OSHA standard relating to cadmium (applicable to general industry, agriculture, and maritime) is found at 29 CFR 1910. 1027. This booklet should not be used as a substitute for the full regulatory requirements of the cadmium standard. The construction industry has a separate cadmium standard, found in 29 CFR 1926. 1127.
Construction Industry
Author: United States. Occupational Safety and Health AdministrationPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Construction industry
Languages : en
Pages : 628
Book Description
Occupational Health and Safety for the 21st Century
Author: Robert H. FriisPublisher: Jones & Bartlett Publishers
ISBN: 1284046036
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 474
Book Description
This book discusses occupational health and safety, including occupational policies, legislative acts, and laws for protection of workers. Epidemiology and toxicology are examples of two fields that make contributions to exposure assessments and illuminate the adverse health effects associated with work-related exposures. Among the adverse health outcomes that have been linked with the work environment are cancer, respiratory illness, and reproductive abnormalities. Unintentional injuries are one of the leading causes of work-related morbidity and mortality, but the psychological and social environment can also affect the health of workers by influencing levels of stress and morale. Methods have been developed to reduce exposures to hazards and increase occupational safety through redesign of the work environment, introduction of engineering controls, and limiting exposures to physical, microbial, and chemical agents. --
Monthly Catalogue, United States Public Documents
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 1786
Book Description
Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications
Author: United States. Superintendent of DocumentsPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 1072
Book Description
February issue includes Appendix entitled Directory of United States Government periodicals and subscription publications; September issue includes List of depository libraries; June and December issues include semiannual index
Lead Exposure Risks During Construction Activities
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the EnvironmentPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 174
Book Description
Environmental, Safety, and Health Engineering
Author: Gayle WoodsidePublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471109327
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 604
Book Description
A complete guide to environmental, safety, and health engineering, including an overview of EPA and OSHA regulations; principles of environmental engineering, including pollution prevention, waste and wastewater treatment and disposal, environmental statistics, air emissions and abatement engineering, and hazardous waste storage and containment; principles of safety engineering, including safety management, equipment safety, fire and life safety, process and system safety, confined space safety, and construction safety; and principles of industrial hygiene/occupational health engineering including chemical hazard assessment, personal protective equipment, industrial ventilation, ionizing and nonionizing radiation, noise, and ergonomics.
