Numerical Studies of the Air-sea Interaction Processes in Intense Tropical Systems Using the Coupled Ocean/atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System PDF Download
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Author: Xiaodong Hong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ocean-atmosphere interaction
Languages : en
Pages : 378
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Book Description
Author: Xiaodong Hong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ocean-atmosphere interaction
Languages : en
Pages : 378
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The purpose of the research is to improve our understanding of the air-sea interaction processes over the region of western Pacific warm pool and ultimately improve weather and climate predictions. To achieve this goal, an air-sea coupled numerical model that includes the momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes across the air-sea interface is developed by combining the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) and the Princeton Ocean Model (POM). First, a squall line system observed during the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere/Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA/COARE) Intensive Observation Period (IOP) is simulated. The simulation results are in agreement with the observations. Sensitivity experiments reveal that the orientation of the initial perturbation can affect the development of the squall line. Inclusion of ice microphysics and surface fluxes affects the strength and extent of the simulated downdraft-induced low level cold air pool. Then, the ocean's response to precipitation is investigated using the POM model. The results show that the rainfall-induced heat and salinity gradients cause a thin low density, low temperature stable layer near sea surface. The rainfall-induced stable layer near the surface diminishes the downward transfer of the effects of the atmospheric forcing. This causes the effects of the atmospheric forcing to be concentrated accumulate near the sea surface. Because of this rainfall-induced shallow (about 10 m) stable layer, the sea surface responds to atmospheric forcing much faster than it would do without the rainfall-induced stable layer. Finally, the air sea coupled system is used to investigate the ocean's response to an observed squall line precipitation process and the feedback effects of the sea surface temperature (SST) variation on the atmosphere. The results show that the SST feedback effect does not have a significant influence on the local existing atmospheric convection. However, the feedback effects have sign.
Author: Hyodae Seo
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780549015321
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 165
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Book Description
Extending SCOAR to the tropical Atlantic TIWs shows that air-sea coupling damps the eddy kinetic energy of the waves. TIW-induced wind stress is negatively correlated with the TIW-induced ocean surface current, and this slows down the TIW-currents.
Author: Swadhin Kumar Behera
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128181575
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 327
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Book Description
Tropical and Extratropical Air-Sea Interactions: Modes of Climate Variations provides a thorough introduction to global atmospheric and oceanic processes, as well as tropical, subtropical and mid-latitude ocean-atmosphere interactions. Written by leading experts in the field, each chapter is dedicated to a specific topic of air-sea interactions (such as ENSO, IOD, Atlantic Nino, ENSO Modoki, and newly discovered coastal Niños/Niñas) and their teleconnections. As the first book to cover all topics of tropical and extra-tropical air-sea interactions and new modes of climate variations, this book is an excellent resource for researchers and students of ocean, atmospheric and climate sciences. Presents case studies on the ocean-atmosphere phenomena, including El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole and different Nino/Nina phenomena Provides a clear description of air-sea relationships across the world’s ocean with an analysis of air-sea relations in different time scales and a focus on climate change Includes prospects for air-sea interaction research, thus benefiting young researchers and students
Author: Suneil Iyer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Air-sea interactions are a critical component of the global climate system. Despite this, uncertainty remains in our understanding of air-sea interaction across spatial scales, particularly on small scales, which are not observable by remote sensing and often not explicitly represented in models due to computational limitations. This dissertation provides insight into the key processes that drive air-sea interaction in two tropical regions that are important for modulating synoptic to global-scale weather and climate: the inter-tropical convergence zone and the trade winds. The first chapter uses a series of model experiments based on observations from the rainy eastern tropical Pacific to evaluate the influence of preexisting ocean stratification and tropical rain modes on the upper ocean salinity response to rainfall, a process that modulates how freshwater is incorporated into the ocean structure. Differences in the timing of convective and stratiform components of rain events can modify the duration which surface salinity anomalies persist following rain for over two hours, while strong preexisting stratification can allow near-surface salinity anomalies produced by rain to persist for over seven hours longer compared to when rain falls on a well-mixed ocean. Similar differences in salinity structure can exist at deeper depths of up to 20 meters in the mixed layer. This work provides insight into the limitations of using low-resolution satellite rain observations in the context of physical oceanographic studies and examines a critical component of the global water cycle. The second and third chapters use observations from surface drifters and autonomous vehicles that measure the atmosphere and near-surface ocean in the tropical Atlantic trade wind region to evaluate the spatial variability of ocean surface waves and bulk air-sea fluxes. While previous research has mostly been limited to areas having particularly strong submesoscale activity, this work provides insight into the spatial variability present in a less energetic region representative of larger areas of the global ocean. Surface current variability in the trade winds influence wave slope and air-sea momentum flux due to changes in the relative wind speed and wave-current interactions. Wave-current interactions specifically modify momentum flux by as much as 10%. Across scales of tens of kilometers, air-sea sensible heat, latent heat, and upward buoyancy fluxes vary by 10, 50, and 10 watts per square meter. Sensible heat and upward buoyancy fluxes are significantly influenced by spatial sea surface temperature variability, while latent heat flux variability is primarily driven by changes in the atmosphere. The findings from this work could ultimately be used to guide the development of fully coupled atmosphere-wave-ocean models or quantify the limitations of using lower-resolution remote observations or models. Collectively, the following work serves to elucidate the physics of the dominant small-scale air-sea processes in two regions of the tropical ocean, quantify the influence of these processes on air-sea interaction and upper-ocean mixing, and suggest hypotheses on the implications of neglecting small-scale processes in regional or global studies of the coupled air-sea system.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 812
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 81
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Book Description
Numerical models have been an effective tool in the prediction of many geophysical systems. Processes within the earth's two primary physical systems, the ocean and atmosphere, directly impact Naval operations on the mesoscale and the local PBL scale. Consequently, accurate and efficient prediction on these scales is a necessity. Scientists now consider the ocean and atmosphere as separate but fully coupled, two-way interactive fluids. Predicting the behavior of either fluid depends upon the spatial and temporal forcing applied by the other. Thus, a single numerical prediction system combining an oceanic and an atmospheric model provides more realistic representation of these two geophysical systems. Additionally in the past decade, increased computer power and technological advancements have improved computational efficiency allowing larger models, with higher resolution, multi-nested grids and complicated physics, to be developed and run for real-time forecasting purposes. When used in a research mode, the models also provide valuable insight toward understanding complex mesoscale interactions. To fully utilize modern computer resources and to meet the growing need for high resolution, coupled oceanic/atmospheric forecasts, a new model has been developed by the Naval Research Laboratory: The Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS).
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 9
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Book Description
In situ experimental data and numerical model results are presented from the Ligurian Sea in the northwestern Mediterranean. Here surface winds are light in summer except during occasional Mistral events which are often associated with cyclogenesis in the lee of the Alps. The Ligurian Sea Air-Sea Interaction Experiment (LASIE07) took place in June 2007. with a focus on the coincident measurement of oceanic and atmospheric boundary layer properties. To help interpret the observational results we use the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS(Registered)), developed at the Naval Research Laboratory. This system includes an atmospheric sigma coordinate, nonhydrostatic model, coupled to a hydrostatic sigma-z level ocean model (Naval Coastal Ocean Model), using the Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF). Both models are at high resolution: the inner nest of the COAMPS domain is on a 4 km grid with 40 vertical levels, and that for NCOM on a 2km grid with 50 levels. The coupled model system is evaluated for a month long simulation which includes data assimilation in the atmosphere but not the ocean. Correlation coefficients between model and observed values for near-surface wind speeds, and turbulent heat fluxes are above 0.5 (significant at 99%) at a deep water mooring. A comparison of the coupled run with an uncoupled atmospheric run using analysis SST at the surface boundary, both of which use atmospheric data assimilation, does not reveal significant or systematic differences.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertation abstracts
Languages : en
Pages : 784
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Author: William Allan Perrie
Publisher: Southampton, Boston : WIT Press
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 334
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Book Description
This volume provides an overview of current developments in theoretical aspects of atmosphere-ocean interactions. These include the fundamental influence of the ocean surface on the atmospheric dynamics and also the impact of atmospheric phenomena on the upper ocean. Both large scale ocean-atmosphere dynamics, including low frequency variability, as well as shorter time-scales, such as the physics of the atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers and their interactions with surface waves and related air-sea processes important in marine storms are considered. The text also includes some recent research results.
