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Author: M.A. Ibrahim
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 23
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Book Description
Recently, the concept of NeutroAlgebraic and AntiAlgebraic Structures were introduced and analyzed by Florentin Smarandache. His new approach to the study of Neutrosophic Structures presents a more robust tool needed for managing uncertainty, incompleteness, indeterminate and imprecise information. In this paper, we introduce for the first time the concept of NeutroVector Spaces. Specifically, we study a particular class of the NeutroVectorSpaces called of type 4S and their elementarily properties are presented. It is shown that the NeutroVectorSpaces of type 4S may contain NeutroSubspaces of other types and that the intersections of NeutroSubspaces of type 4S are not NeutroSubspaces. Also, it is shown that if NV is a NeutroVector Space of a particular type and NW is a NeutroSubspace of NV , the NeutroQuotientSpace NV=NW does not necessarily belong to the same type as NV .
Author: M.A. Ibrahim
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 23
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Book Description
Recently, the concept of NeutroAlgebraic and AntiAlgebraic Structures were introduced and analyzed by Florentin Smarandache. His new approach to the study of Neutrosophic Structures presents a more robust tool needed for managing uncertainty, incompleteness, indeterminate and imprecise information. In this paper, we introduce for the first time the concept of NeutroVector Spaces. Specifically, we study a particular class of the NeutroVectorSpaces called of type 4S and their elementarily properties are presented. It is shown that the NeutroVectorSpaces of type 4S may contain NeutroSubspaces of other types and that the intersections of NeutroSubspaces of type 4S are not NeutroSubspaces. Also, it is shown that if NV is a NeutroVector Space of a particular type and NW is a NeutroSubspace of NV , the NeutroQuotientSpace NV=NW does not necessarily belong to the same type as NV .
Author: Florentin Smarandache
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 410
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Book Description
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems (NSS) is an academic journal, published quarterly online and on paper, that has been created for publications of advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics etc. and their applications in any field.
Author: Florentin Smarandache
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 410
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Book Description
“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, such as the neutrosophic structures developed in algebra, geometry, topology, etc. Some articles in this issue: n-Refined Neutrosophic Modules, A Neutrosophic Approach to Digital Images, A Novel Method for Neutrosophic Assignment Problem by using Interval-Valued Trapezoidal Neutrosophic Number.
Author: Ahmed Hatip
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
In this book, we will present the neutrosophic decision-making mechanism which is an extension of the classical decision-making process by extending the data to include the indefinite cases that are ignored by classical logic and which, in fact, support the decision-making problem. This book consists of eight chapters. In the introductory part of the thesis, the historical development process of the neutrosophic structure theory is given. In the second part, the effect of the neutrosophic logic on the decision tree has been compiled. In the third chapter, the Prospector Neutro Function with their applications were studied. In the fourth chapter, the subject of Neutro ordered R-module and their properties is examined in detail. In the fifth chapter, the Fundamental Theorem in neutrosophic Euclidean Geometry is given. In the sixth chapter, the solutions of some Kandasamy-Smarandache problems about neutrosophic complex numbers and group of units' problem are given. In the seventh chapter, the algebraic creativity in the neutrosophic square matrices and the results are given with examples. Finally, in the eighth chapter, the results and suggestions obtained in the thesis are given.
Author: Florentin Smarandache
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN:
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 219
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Book Description
A collection of papers from multiple authors. In 2019 and 2020 Smarandache [1, 2, 3, 4] generalized the classical Algebraic Structures to NeutroAlgebraic Structures (or NeutroAlgebras) {whose operations and axioms are partially true, partially indeterminate, and partially false} as extensions of Partial Algebra, and to AntiAlgebraic Structures (or AntiAlgebras) {whose operations and axioms are totally false}. The NeutroAlgebras & AntiAlgebras are a new field of research, which is inspired from our real world. In classical algebraic structures, all axioms are 100%, and all operations are 100% well-defined, but in real life, in many cases these restrictions are too harsh, since in our world we have things that only partially verify some laws or some operations. Using the process of NeutroSophication of a classical algebraic structure we produce a NeutroAlgebra, while the process of AntiSophication of a classical algebraic structure produces an AntiAlgebra.
Author: Florentin Smarandache
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
In general, a system S (that may be a company, association, institution, society, country, etc.) is formed by sub-systems Si { or P(S), the powerset of S }, and each sub-system Si is formed by sub-sub-systems Sij { or P(P(S)) = P2(S) } and so on. That’s why the n-th PowerSet of a Set S { defined recursively and denoted by Pn(S) = P(Pn-1(S) } was introduced, to better describes the organization of people, beings, objects etc. in our real world. The n-th PowerSet was used in defining the SuperHyperOperation, SuperHyperAxiom, and their corresponding Neutrosophic SuperHyperOperation, Neutrosophic SuperHyperAxiom in order to build the SuperHyperAlgebra and Neutrosophic SuperHyperAlgebra. In general, in any field of knowledge, one in fact encounters SuperHyperStructures. Also, six new types of topologies have been introduced in the last years (2019-2022), such as: Refined Neutrosophic Topology, Refined Neutrosophic Crisp Topology, NeutroTopology, AntiTopology, SuperHyperTopology, and Neutrosophic SuperHyperTopology.
Author: K. Erdmann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1846284902
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
Lie groups and Lie algebras have become essential to many parts of mathematics and theoretical physics, with Lie algebras a central object of interest in their own right. This book provides an elementary introduction to Lie algebras based on a lecture course given to fourth-year undergraduates. The only prerequisite is some linear algebra and an appendix summarizes the main facts that are needed. The treatment is kept as simple as possible with no attempt at full generality. Numerous worked examples and exercises are provided to test understanding, along with more demanding problems, several of which have solutions. Introduction to Lie Algebras covers the core material required for almost all other work in Lie theory and provides a self-study guide suitable for undergraduate students in their final year and graduate students and researchers in mathematics and theoretical physics.
Author: M. A. Ibrahim
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
NeutroSophication and AntiSophication are processes through which NeutroAlgebraic and AntiAlgebraic structures can be generated from any classical structures. Given any classical structure with m operations (laws and axioms) we can generate NeutroStructures and AntiStructures. In this paper, we introduce for the first time the concept of NeutroHyperGroups.
Author: Florentin Smarandache
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 662
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Book Description
“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, such as the neutrosophic structures developed in algebra, geometry, topology, etc.
Author: Florentin Smarandache