Author: Mocktime Publication
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
ISBN:
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 595
Book Description
UGC NTA NET/JRF English Previous Year Solved Papers 2007-2019 (34 Papers Included) Table of Contents 1. NET/JRF Exam, June-2019 Subject English Paper-II 2. NET/JRF Exam, December-2018 Subject English Paper-II 3. NET/JRF Exam, July-2018 Subject English Paper-II 4. NET/JRF Exam, November-2017 Subject English Paper-II 5. NET/JRF Exam, November-2017 Subject English Paper-III 6. NET/JRF Exam, January-2017 Subject English Paper-II 7. NET/JRF Exam, January-2017 Subject English Paper-III 8. NET/JRF Exam, July-2016 Subject English Paper-II 9. NET/JRF Exam, July-2016 Subject English Paper-III 10. NET/JRF Exam, December-2015 Subject English Paper-II 11. NET/JRF Exam, December-2015 Subject English Paper-III 12. NET/JRF Exam, June-2015 Subject English Paper-II 13. NET/JRF Exam, June-2015 Subject English Paper-III 14. NET/JRF Exam, December-2014 Subject English Paper-II 15. NET/JRF Exam, December-2014 Subject English Paper-III 16. NET/JRF Exam, June-2014 Subject English Paper-II 17. NET/JRF Exam, June-2014 Subject English Paper-III 18. NET/JRF Exam, December-2013 Subject English Paper-II 19. NET/JRF Exam, December-2013 Subject English Paper-III 20. NET/JRF Exam, June-2013 Subject English Paper-II 21. NET/JRF Exam, June-2013 Subject English Paper-III 22. NET/JRF Exam, December-2012 Subject English Paper-II 23. NET/JRF Exam, December-2012 Subject English Paper-III 24. NET/JRF Exam, June-2012 Subject English Paper-II 25. NET/JRF Exam, June-2012 Subject English Paper-III 26. NET/JRF Exam, December-2011 Subject English Paper-II 27. NET/JRF Exam, June-2011 Subject English Paper-II 28. NET/JRF Exam, December-2010 Subject English Paper-II 29. NET/JRF Exam, June-2010 Subject English Paper-II 30. NET/JRF Exam, December-2009 Subject English Paper-II 31. NET/JRF Exam, June-2009 Subject English Paper-II 32. NET/JRF Exam, December-2008 Subject English Paper-II 33. NET/JRF Exam, June-2008 Subject English Paper-II 34. NET/JRF Exam, December-2007 Subject English Paper-II Syllabus English NET JRF UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION NET BUREAU NET SYLLABUS Subject: English Code No. : 30 Unit –I : Drama Unit –II : Poetry Unit –III : Fiction, short story Unit –IV : Non-Fictional Prose NOTE: The first four units must also be tested through comprehension passages to assess critical reading, critical thinking and writing skills. These four units will cover all literatures in English. Unit –V : Language: Basic concepts, theories and pedagogy. English in Use. Unit –VI : English in India: history, evolution and futures Unit –VII : Cultural Studies Unit –VIII : Literary Criticism Unit –IX : Literary Theory post World War II Unit –X : Research Methods and Materials in English
NET/JRF English Previous Year Solved Papers 2007-2019 (34 Papers Included)
Author: Mocktime Publication
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
ISBN:
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 595
Book Description
UGC NTA NET/JRF English Previous Year Solved Papers 2007-2019 (34 Papers Included) Table of Contents 1. NET/JRF Exam, June-2019 Subject English Paper-II 2. NET/JRF Exam, December-2018 Subject English Paper-II 3. NET/JRF Exam, July-2018 Subject English Paper-II 4. NET/JRF Exam, November-2017 Subject English Paper-II 5. NET/JRF Exam, November-2017 Subject English Paper-III 6. NET/JRF Exam, January-2017 Subject English Paper-II 7. NET/JRF Exam, January-2017 Subject English Paper-III 8. NET/JRF Exam, July-2016 Subject English Paper-II 9. NET/JRF Exam, July-2016 Subject English Paper-III 10. NET/JRF Exam, December-2015 Subject English Paper-II 11. NET/JRF Exam, December-2015 Subject English Paper-III 12. NET/JRF Exam, June-2015 Subject English Paper-II 13. NET/JRF Exam, June-2015 Subject English Paper-III 14. NET/JRF Exam, December-2014 Subject English Paper-II 15. NET/JRF Exam, December-2014 Subject English Paper-III 16. NET/JRF Exam, June-2014 Subject English Paper-II 17. NET/JRF Exam, June-2014 Subject English Paper-III 18. NET/JRF Exam, December-2013 Subject English Paper-II 19. NET/JRF Exam, December-2013 Subject English Paper-III 20. NET/JRF Exam, June-2013 Subject English Paper-II 21. NET/JRF Exam, June-2013 Subject English Paper-III 22. NET/JRF Exam, December-2012 Subject English Paper-II 23. NET/JRF Exam, December-2012 Subject English Paper-III 24. NET/JRF Exam, June-2012 Subject English Paper-II 25. NET/JRF Exam, June-2012 Subject English Paper-III 26. NET/JRF Exam, December-2011 Subject English Paper-II 27. NET/JRF Exam, June-2011 Subject English Paper-II 28. NET/JRF Exam, December-2010 Subject English Paper-II 29. NET/JRF Exam, June-2010 Subject English Paper-II 30. NET/JRF Exam, December-2009 Subject English Paper-II 31. NET/JRF Exam, June-2009 Subject English Paper-II 32. NET/JRF Exam, December-2008 Subject English Paper-II 33. NET/JRF Exam, June-2008 Subject English Paper-II 34. NET/JRF Exam, December-2007 Subject English Paper-II Syllabus English NET JRF UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION NET BUREAU NET SYLLABUS Subject: English Code No. : 30 Unit –I : Drama Unit –II : Poetry Unit –III : Fiction, short story Unit –IV : Non-Fictional Prose NOTE: The first four units must also be tested through comprehension passages to assess critical reading, critical thinking and writing skills. These four units will cover all literatures in English. Unit –V : Language: Basic concepts, theories and pedagogy. English in Use. Unit –VI : English in India: history, evolution and futures Unit –VII : Cultural Studies Unit –VIII : Literary Criticism Unit –IX : Literary Theory post World War II Unit –X : Research Methods and Materials in English
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
ISBN:
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 595
Book Description
UGC NTA NET/JRF English Previous Year Solved Papers 2007-2019 (34 Papers Included) Table of Contents 1. NET/JRF Exam, June-2019 Subject English Paper-II 2. NET/JRF Exam, December-2018 Subject English Paper-II 3. NET/JRF Exam, July-2018 Subject English Paper-II 4. NET/JRF Exam, November-2017 Subject English Paper-II 5. NET/JRF Exam, November-2017 Subject English Paper-III 6. NET/JRF Exam, January-2017 Subject English Paper-II 7. NET/JRF Exam, January-2017 Subject English Paper-III 8. NET/JRF Exam, July-2016 Subject English Paper-II 9. NET/JRF Exam, July-2016 Subject English Paper-III 10. NET/JRF Exam, December-2015 Subject English Paper-II 11. NET/JRF Exam, December-2015 Subject English Paper-III 12. NET/JRF Exam, June-2015 Subject English Paper-II 13. NET/JRF Exam, June-2015 Subject English Paper-III 14. NET/JRF Exam, December-2014 Subject English Paper-II 15. NET/JRF Exam, December-2014 Subject English Paper-III 16. NET/JRF Exam, June-2014 Subject English Paper-II 17. NET/JRF Exam, June-2014 Subject English Paper-III 18. NET/JRF Exam, December-2013 Subject English Paper-II 19. NET/JRF Exam, December-2013 Subject English Paper-III 20. NET/JRF Exam, June-2013 Subject English Paper-II 21. NET/JRF Exam, June-2013 Subject English Paper-III 22. NET/JRF Exam, December-2012 Subject English Paper-II 23. NET/JRF Exam, December-2012 Subject English Paper-III 24. NET/JRF Exam, June-2012 Subject English Paper-II 25. NET/JRF Exam, June-2012 Subject English Paper-III 26. NET/JRF Exam, December-2011 Subject English Paper-II 27. NET/JRF Exam, June-2011 Subject English Paper-II 28. NET/JRF Exam, December-2010 Subject English Paper-II 29. NET/JRF Exam, June-2010 Subject English Paper-II 30. NET/JRF Exam, December-2009 Subject English Paper-II 31. NET/JRF Exam, June-2009 Subject English Paper-II 32. NET/JRF Exam, December-2008 Subject English Paper-II 33. NET/JRF Exam, June-2008 Subject English Paper-II 34. NET/JRF Exam, December-2007 Subject English Paper-II Syllabus English NET JRF UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION NET BUREAU NET SYLLABUS Subject: English Code No. : 30 Unit –I : Drama Unit –II : Poetry Unit –III : Fiction, short story Unit –IV : Non-Fictional Prose NOTE: The first four units must also be tested through comprehension passages to assess critical reading, critical thinking and writing skills. These four units will cover all literatures in English. Unit –V : Language: Basic concepts, theories and pedagogy. English in Use. Unit –VI : English in India: history, evolution and futures Unit –VII : Cultural Studies Unit –VIII : Literary Criticism Unit –IX : Literary Theory post World War II Unit –X : Research Methods and Materials in English
NET/JRF English Previous Year Solved Papers 2007-2019 (34 Papers Included)
Author: Mocktime Publication
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
ISBN:
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 251
Book Description
UGC NTA NET/JRF English Previous Year Solved Papers 2007-2019 (34 Papers Included) Table of Contents 1. NET/JRF Exam, June-2019 Subject English Paper-II 2. NET/JRF Exam, December-2018 Subject English Paper-II 3. NET/JRF Exam, July-2018 Subject English Paper-II 4. NET/JRF Exam, November-2017 Subject English Paper-II 5. NET/JRF Exam, November-2017 Subject English Paper-III 6. NET/JRF Exam, January-2017 Subject English Paper-II 7. NET/JRF Exam, January-2017 Subject English Paper-III 8. NET/JRF Exam, July-2016 Subject English Paper-II 9. NET/JRF Exam, July-2016 Subject English Paper-III 10. NET/JRF Exam, December-2015 Subject English Paper-II 11. NET/JRF Exam, December-2015 Subject English Paper-III 12. NET/JRF Exam, June-2015 Subject English Paper-II 13. NET/JRF Exam, June-2015 Subject English Paper-III 14. NET/JRF Exam, December-2014 Subject English Paper-II 15. NET/JRF Exam, December-2014 Subject English Paper-III 16. NET/JRF Exam, June-2014 Subject English Paper-II 17. NET/JRF Exam, June-2014 Subject English Paper-III 18. NET/JRF Exam, December-2013 Subject English Paper-II 19. NET/JRF Exam, December-2013 Subject English Paper-III 20. NET/JRF Exam, June-2013 Subject English Paper-II 21. NET/JRF Exam, June-2013 Subject English Paper-III 22. NET/JRF Exam, December-2012 Subject English Paper-II 23. NET/JRF Exam, December-2012 Subject English Paper-III 24. NET/JRF Exam, June-2012 Subject English Paper-II 25. NET/JRF Exam, June-2012 Subject English Paper-III 26. NET/JRF Exam, December-2011 Subject English Paper-II 27. NET/JRF Exam, June-2011 Subject English Paper-II 28. NET/JRF Exam, December-2010 Subject English Paper-II 29. NET/JRF Exam, June-2010 Subject English Paper-II 30. NET/JRF Exam, December-2009 Subject English Paper-II 31. NET/JRF Exam, June-2009 Subject English Paper-II 32. NET/JRF Exam, December-2008 Subject English Paper-II 33. NET/JRF Exam, June-2008 Subject English Paper-II 34. NET/JRF Exam, December-2007 Subject English Paper-II Syllabus English NET JRF UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION NET BUREAU NET SYLLABUS Subject: English Code No. : 30 Unit –I : Drama Unit –II : Poetry Unit –III : Fiction, short story Unit –IV : Non-Fictional Prose NOTE: The first four units must also be tested through comprehension passages to assess critical reading, critical thinking and writing skills. These four units will cover all literatures in English. Unit –V : Language: Basic concepts, theories and pedagogy. English in Use. Unit –VI : English in India: history, evolution and futures Unit –VII : Cultural Studies Unit –VIII : Literary Criticism Unit –IX : Literary Theory post World War II Unit –X : Research Methods and Materials in English
Publisher: by Mocktime Publication
ISBN:
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 251
Book Description
UGC NTA NET/JRF English Previous Year Solved Papers 2007-2019 (34 Papers Included) Table of Contents 1. NET/JRF Exam, June-2019 Subject English Paper-II 2. NET/JRF Exam, December-2018 Subject English Paper-II 3. NET/JRF Exam, July-2018 Subject English Paper-II 4. NET/JRF Exam, November-2017 Subject English Paper-II 5. NET/JRF Exam, November-2017 Subject English Paper-III 6. NET/JRF Exam, January-2017 Subject English Paper-II 7. NET/JRF Exam, January-2017 Subject English Paper-III 8. NET/JRF Exam, July-2016 Subject English Paper-II 9. NET/JRF Exam, July-2016 Subject English Paper-III 10. NET/JRF Exam, December-2015 Subject English Paper-II 11. NET/JRF Exam, December-2015 Subject English Paper-III 12. NET/JRF Exam, June-2015 Subject English Paper-II 13. NET/JRF Exam, June-2015 Subject English Paper-III 14. NET/JRF Exam, December-2014 Subject English Paper-II 15. NET/JRF Exam, December-2014 Subject English Paper-III 16. NET/JRF Exam, June-2014 Subject English Paper-II 17. NET/JRF Exam, June-2014 Subject English Paper-III 18. NET/JRF Exam, December-2013 Subject English Paper-II 19. NET/JRF Exam, December-2013 Subject English Paper-III 20. NET/JRF Exam, June-2013 Subject English Paper-II 21. NET/JRF Exam, June-2013 Subject English Paper-III 22. NET/JRF Exam, December-2012 Subject English Paper-II 23. NET/JRF Exam, December-2012 Subject English Paper-III 24. NET/JRF Exam, June-2012 Subject English Paper-II 25. NET/JRF Exam, June-2012 Subject English Paper-III 26. NET/JRF Exam, December-2011 Subject English Paper-II 27. NET/JRF Exam, June-2011 Subject English Paper-II 28. NET/JRF Exam, December-2010 Subject English Paper-II 29. NET/JRF Exam, June-2010 Subject English Paper-II 30. NET/JRF Exam, December-2009 Subject English Paper-II 31. NET/JRF Exam, June-2009 Subject English Paper-II 32. NET/JRF Exam, December-2008 Subject English Paper-II 33. NET/JRF Exam, June-2008 Subject English Paper-II 34. NET/JRF Exam, December-2007 Subject English Paper-II Syllabus English NET JRF UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION NET BUREAU NET SYLLABUS Subject: English Code No. : 30 Unit –I : Drama Unit –II : Poetry Unit –III : Fiction, short story Unit –IV : Non-Fictional Prose NOTE: The first four units must also be tested through comprehension passages to assess critical reading, critical thinking and writing skills. These four units will cover all literatures in English. Unit –V : Language: Basic concepts, theories and pedagogy. English in Use. Unit –VI : English in India: history, evolution and futures Unit –VII : Cultural Studies Unit –VIII : Literary Criticism Unit –IX : Literary Theory post World War II Unit –X : Research Methods and Materials in English
UGC-NET (Paper-I) Previous Years' Papers (Solved)
Author: Rph Editorial Board
Publisher: Ramesh Publishing House
ISBN: 9789387604643
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 242
Book Description
This immensely valuable book of Solved Previous Years' Papers is specially published for the aspirants of UGC-NET (Paper-I) of Junior Research Fellowship and Assistant Professor Eligibility Exam. The book comprises several Solved Previous Years' Papers of UGC-NET Paper-I. Explanatory Answers are presented in such a manner to be useful for study and self-practice. The book is aimed to help you prepare well and sharpen your problem-solving skills by practising through numerous questions in these solved papers and face the exam with confidence, successfully.
Publisher: Ramesh Publishing House
ISBN: 9789387604643
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 242
Book Description
This immensely valuable book of Solved Previous Years' Papers is specially published for the aspirants of UGC-NET (Paper-I) of Junior Research Fellowship and Assistant Professor Eligibility Exam. The book comprises several Solved Previous Years' Papers of UGC-NET Paper-I. Explanatory Answers are presented in such a manner to be useful for study and self-practice. The book is aimed to help you prepare well and sharpen your problem-solving skills by practising through numerous questions in these solved papers and face the exam with confidence, successfully.
U.G.C.-NET/JRF/SET Teaching & Research Aptitude (General Paper-1)
Author: Pratiyogita Darpan
Publisher: Upkar Prakashan
ISBN: 8174822151
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 498
Book Description
Publisher: Upkar Prakashan
ISBN: 8174822151
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 498
Book Description
Learning
Author: Jacques Delors
Publisher: UNESCO
ISBN: 9231034707
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 267
Book Description
This report proposes more resources be devoted to education, nationally and internationally, and for international cooperation in education with UNESCO as a key player.
Publisher: UNESCO
ISBN: 9231034707
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 267
Book Description
This report proposes more resources be devoted to education, nationally and internationally, and for international cooperation in education with UNESCO as a key player.
16 Year's Solved Papers Karnataka CET Engineering Entrance
Author: Arihant Experts
Publisher: Arihant Publications India limited
ISBN: 931319676X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 607
Book Description
Karnataka Examination Authority (KEA) conducts a state level examination called Karnataka Common Entrance Test (KCET) students who are seeking admission into professional under graduate courses related to Engineering, Medicine, Pharmacy, Agriculture and Dentistry in its affiliated colleges. Hereby presenting ’16 Years Solved Papers Karnataka CET Engineering Entrance’, this book has been carefully prepared for the students who are preparing for KCET engineering Entrance exam. Solved papers has been provided in this book from 2004 -2019 which helps students to understand the latest pattern & syllabus, contains Authentic, Analytical and Augmented (AAA) solutions of questions that been asked (Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics)in the KCET Engineering Entrance to make candidates confident enough to answer the questions. With sufficient collection of solved papers for practice in this book candidates can attain the great rank in the examination. TABLE OF CONTENT Solved Papers 2004 – 2019
Publisher: Arihant Publications India limited
ISBN: 931319676X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 607
Book Description
Karnataka Examination Authority (KEA) conducts a state level examination called Karnataka Common Entrance Test (KCET) students who are seeking admission into professional under graduate courses related to Engineering, Medicine, Pharmacy, Agriculture and Dentistry in its affiliated colleges. Hereby presenting ’16 Years Solved Papers Karnataka CET Engineering Entrance’, this book has been carefully prepared for the students who are preparing for KCET engineering Entrance exam. Solved papers has been provided in this book from 2004 -2019 which helps students to understand the latest pattern & syllabus, contains Authentic, Analytical and Augmented (AAA) solutions of questions that been asked (Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics)in the KCET Engineering Entrance to make candidates confident enough to answer the questions. With sufficient collection of solved papers for practice in this book candidates can attain the great rank in the examination. TABLE OF CONTENT Solved Papers 2004 – 2019
Engaged Fatherhood for Men, Families and Gender Equality
Author: Marc Grau Grau
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030756459
Category : Culture
Languages : en
Pages : 323
Book Description
This aim of this open access book is to launch an international, cross-disciplinary conversation on fatherhood engagement. By integrating perspective from three sectors -- Health, Social Policy, and Work in Organizations -- the book offers a novel perspective on the benefits of engaged fatherhood for men, for families, and for gender equality. The chapters are crafted to engaged broad audiences, including policy makers and organizational leaders, healthcare practitioners and fellow scholars, as well as families and their loved ones.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030756459
Category : Culture
Languages : en
Pages : 323
Book Description
This aim of this open access book is to launch an international, cross-disciplinary conversation on fatherhood engagement. By integrating perspective from three sectors -- Health, Social Policy, and Work in Organizations -- the book offers a novel perspective on the benefits of engaged fatherhood for men, for families, and for gender equality. The chapters are crafted to engaged broad audiences, including policy makers and organizational leaders, healthcare practitioners and fellow scholars, as well as families and their loved ones.
The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate
Author: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9781009157971
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 755
Book Description
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9781009157971
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 755
Book Description
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
UGC NET Paper-1 Study Material for Teaching & Research Aptitude with Higher education System
Author: Disha Experts
Publisher: Disha Publications
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 218
Book Description
Publisher: Disha Publications
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 218
Book Description
Temporomandibular Disorders
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309670489
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 427
Book Description
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), are a set of more than 30 health disorders associated with both the temporomandibular joints and the muscles and tissues of the jaw. TMDs have a range of causes and often co-occur with a number of overlapping medical conditions, including headaches, fibromyalgia, back pain and irritable bowel syndrome. TMDs can be transient or long-lasting and may be associated with problems that range from an occasional click of the jaw to severe chronic pain involving the entire orofacial region. Everyday activities, including eating and talking, are often difficult for people with TMDs, and many of them suffer with severe chronic pain due to this condition. Common social activities that most people take for granted, such as smiling, laughing, and kissing, can become unbearable. This dysfunction and pain, and its associated suffering, take a terrible toll on affected individuals, their families, and their friends. Individuals with TMDs often feel stigmatized and invalidated in their experiences by their family, friends, and, often, the health care community. Misjudgments and a failure to understand the nature and depths of TMDs can have severe consequences - more pain and more suffering - for individuals, their families and our society. Temporomandibular Disorders: Priorities for Research and Care calls on a number of stakeholders - across medicine, dentistry, and other fields - to improve the health and well-being of individuals with a TMD. This report addresses the current state of knowledge regarding TMD research, education and training, safety and efficacy of clinical treatments of TMDs, and burden and costs associated with TMDs. The recommendations of Temporomandibular Disorders focus on the actions that many organizations and agencies should take to improve TMD research and care and improve the overall health and well-being of individuals with a TMD.
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309670489
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 427
Book Description
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), are a set of more than 30 health disorders associated with both the temporomandibular joints and the muscles and tissues of the jaw. TMDs have a range of causes and often co-occur with a number of overlapping medical conditions, including headaches, fibromyalgia, back pain and irritable bowel syndrome. TMDs can be transient or long-lasting and may be associated with problems that range from an occasional click of the jaw to severe chronic pain involving the entire orofacial region. Everyday activities, including eating and talking, are often difficult for people with TMDs, and many of them suffer with severe chronic pain due to this condition. Common social activities that most people take for granted, such as smiling, laughing, and kissing, can become unbearable. This dysfunction and pain, and its associated suffering, take a terrible toll on affected individuals, their families, and their friends. Individuals with TMDs often feel stigmatized and invalidated in their experiences by their family, friends, and, often, the health care community. Misjudgments and a failure to understand the nature and depths of TMDs can have severe consequences - more pain and more suffering - for individuals, their families and our society. Temporomandibular Disorders: Priorities for Research and Care calls on a number of stakeholders - across medicine, dentistry, and other fields - to improve the health and well-being of individuals with a TMD. This report addresses the current state of knowledge regarding TMD research, education and training, safety and efficacy of clinical treatments of TMDs, and burden and costs associated with TMDs. The recommendations of Temporomandibular Disorders focus on the actions that many organizations and agencies should take to improve TMD research and care and improve the overall health and well-being of individuals with a TMD.