Molecular Mechanisms of Metabolic Suppression: Protein Synthesis and Mitochondrial Respiration in a Hibernating Ground Squirrel Model PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Book Description
We have discovered that mitochondrial proton conductance is unchanged during hibernation and that the reduced metabolism observed in hibernators is a partial consequence of tissue specific depression of substrate oxidation. Using proton leak analyses we show that increases in uncoupling protein 3 expression do not serve a thermogenic function. Rather uncoupling protein 3 likely protects against the accumulation of fatty acids in the mitochondrial matrix. The polyA binding protein-mRNA interactions observed previously in hibernating animals are also observed in explants from squirrels not hibernating. These data suggest that PABP-mRNA interactions are a consequence of cold temperature. Using a mouse cDNA array, we have discovered several additional candidate genes that appear upregulated during hibernation. The functional significance of this result is currently being determined. We have developed black bear cDNA libraries for the ultimate construction of a bear array that will be used in future comparative studies of hibernation.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Book Description
We have discovered that mitochondrial proton conductance is unchanged during hibernation and that the reduced metabolism observed in hibernators is a partial consequence of tissue specific depression of substrate oxidation. Using proton leak analyses we show that increases in uncoupling protein 3 expression do not serve a thermogenic function. Rather uncoupling protein 3 likely protects against the accumulation of fatty acids in the mitochondrial matrix. The polyA binding protein-mRNA interactions observed previously in hibernating animals are also observed in explants from squirrels not hibernating. These data suggest that PABP-mRNA interactions are a consequence of cold temperature. Using a mouse cDNA array, we have discovered several additional candidate genes that appear upregulated during hibernation. The functional significance of this result is currently being determined. We have developed black bear cDNA libraries for the ultimate construction of a bear array that will be used in future comparative studies of hibernation.
Author: Thomas Ruf
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364228678X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 549
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Book Description
This book summarises the newest information on seasonal adaptation in animals. Topics include animal hibernation, daily torpor, thermoregulation, heat production, metabolic depression, biochemical adaptations, neurophysiology and energy balance. The contributors to this book present interdisciplinary research at multiple levels ranging from the molecular to the ecophysiological, as well as evolutionary approaches. The chapters of this book provide original data not published elsewhere, which makes it the most up-to-date, comprehensive source of information on these fields. The book’s subchapters correspond to presentations given at the 14th International Hibernation Symposium in August 2012 in Austria. This is a very successful series of symposia (held every four years since 1959) that attracts leading researchers in the field. Like the past symposia, this meeting – and consequently the book – is aimed not only at hibernation but at covering the full range of animal adaptations to seasonal environments. For the next four years, this book will serve as the cutting-edge reference work for graduate students and scientists active in this field of physiology and ecology. .
Author: Alex Nicole Cooper
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Book Description
I found 44% suppression of succinate-fuelled liver mitochondrial respiration in torpid 13-lined ground squirrels compared to interbout euthermia (IBE) . Palmitoyl CoA, predicted to suppress respiration by inhibiting succinate transport at the dicarboxylate transporter (DCT), reduced respiration by 7̃0%, while butylmalonate, a known inhibitor of the DCT, only inhibited respiration by 4̃0%. In both cases inhibition of respiration proportionally affected both torpid and IBE mitochondria, suggesting that the DCT is likely not already inhibited in torpid mitochondria. The addition of carnitine, predicted to reverse suppression by facilitating transport of palmitoyl CoA into the mitochondrial matrix, had no rescuing effect on the respiration rates of mitochondria treated with palmitoyl CoA, nor did it increase the respiration rate of torpid mitochondria. Though palmitoyl CoA inhibits succinate-fuelled respiration, suppression may not be exclusively related to inhibition of succinate transport at the DCT, and is likely inhibiting additional mitochondrial transporters such as the adenine-nucleotide transporter.
Author: Alessandro Silvani
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889715809
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 165
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Book Description
Author: Gerhard Heldmaier
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540674108
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 568
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Book Description
This book gives an up-to-date account of the current knowledge of cold adaptation in animals, including phenomena like hibernation, daily torpor, thermoregulation and thermogenesis, metabolic regulation, freeze tolerance, anaerobiosis, metabolic depression and related processes. For the next four years - until the 12th International Hibernation Symposium - it will serve as a state-of-the-art reference source for every scientist and graduate student working in these areas of physiology and zoology.
Author: André Malan
Publisher: John Libbey Eurotext
ISBN: 9782855983950
Category : Cold
Languages : en
Pages : 552
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Book Description
Author: David L. Denlinger
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108755186
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 465
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Book Description
Our highly seasonal world restricts insect activity to brief portions of the year. This feature necessitates a sophisticated interpretation of seasonal changes and enactment of mechanisms for bringing development to a halt and then reinitiating it when the inimical season is past. The dormant state of diapause serves to bridge the unfavourable seasons, and its timing provides a powerful mechanism for synchronizing insect development. This book explores how seasonal signals are monitored and used by insects to enact specific molecular pathways that generate the diapause phenotype. The broad perspective offered here scales from the ecological to the molecular and thus provides a comprehensive view of this exciting and vibrant research field, offering insights on topics ranging from pest management, evolution, speciation, climate change and disease transmission, to human health, as well as analogies with other forms of invertebrate dormancy and mammalian hibernation.
Author: Andrew Cossins
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400931271
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 346
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Book Description
Temperature is one facet in the mosaic of physical and biotic factors that describes the niche of an animal. Ofthe physical factors it is ecologically the most important. for it is a factor that is all-pervasive and one that. in most environments. lacks spatial or temporal constancy. Evolution has produced a wide variety of adaptive strategies and tactics to exploit or deal with this variable environmental factor. The ease with which temperature can be measured. and controlled experimentally. together with its widespread influence on the affairs of animals. has understandably led to a large. dispersed literature. In spite of this no recent book provides a comprehensive treatment of the biology of animals in relation to temperature. Our intention in writing this book was to fill that gap. We hope we have provided a modern statement with a critical synthesis of this diverse field. which will be suitable and stimulating for both advanced undergraduate and post graduate students of biology. This book is emphatically not intended as a monographical review. as thermal biology is such a diverse. developed discipline that it could not be encompassed within the confines of a book of this size.
Author: X. J. Musacchia
Publisher: Elsevier Publishing Company
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 664
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Book Description
Author: Mike Lehane
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401179530
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 301
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Book Description
Blood-sucking insects are the vectors of many of the most debilitating parasites of man and his domesticated animals. In addition they are of considerable direct cost to the agricultural industry through losses in milk and meat yields, and through damage to hides and wool, etc. So, not surprisingly, many books of medical and veterinary entomology have been written. Most of these texts are organized taxonomically giving the details of the life-cycles, bionomics, relationship to disease and economic importance of each of the insect groups in turn. I have taken a different approach. This book is topic led and aims to discuss the biological themes which are common in the lives of blood-sucking insects. To do this I have concentrated on those aspects of the biology of these fascinating insects which have been clearly modified in some way to suit the blood-sucking habit. For example, I have discussed feeding and digestion in some detail because feeding on blood presents insects with special problems, but I have not discussed respiration because it is not affected in any particular way by haematophagy. Naturally there is a subjective element in the choice of topics for discussion and the weight given to each. I hope that I have not let my enthusiasm for particular subjects get the better of me on too many occasions and that the subject material achieves an overall balance.
