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Author: Venu M. Kukkapalli
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Express highways
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Book Description
Road construction projects create physical changes on roads that result in capacity reduction and travel time escalation during the construction project period. The reduction in the posted speed limit, the number of lanes, lane width and shoulder width at the construction zone makes it difficult for the road to accommodate high traffic volume. Therefore, the goal of this research is to model the effect of a road construction project on travel time at road link-level and help improve the mobility of people and goods through dissemination or implementation of proactive solutions. Data for a resurfacing construction project on I-485 in the city of Charlotte, North Carolina (NC) was used evaluation, analysis, and modeling. A statistical t-test was conducted to examine the relationship between the change in travel time before and during the construction project period. Further, travel time models were developed for the freeway links and the connecting arterial street links, both before and during the construction project period. The road network characteristics of each link, such as the volume/ capacity (V/C), the number of lanes, the speed limit, the shoulder width, the lane width, whether the link is divided or undivided, characteristics of neighboring links, the time-of-the-day, the day-of-the-week, and the distance of the link from the road construction project were considered as predictor variables for modeling. The results obtained indicate that a decrease in travel time was observed during the construction project period on the freeway links when compared to the before construction project period. Contrarily, an increase in travel time was observed during the construction project period on the connecting arterial street links when compared to the before construction project period. Also, the average travel time, the planning time, and the travel time index can better explain the effect of a road construction project on transportation system performance when compared to the planning time index and the buffer time index. The influence of predictor variables seem to vary before and during the construction project period on the freeway links and connecting arterial street links. Practitioners should take the research findings into consideration, in addition to the construction zone characteristics, when planning a road construction project and developing temporary traffic control and detour plans.
Author: Venu M. Kukkapalli
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Express highways
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Book Description
Road construction projects create physical changes on roads that result in capacity reduction and travel time escalation during the construction project period. The reduction in the posted speed limit, the number of lanes, lane width and shoulder width at the construction zone makes it difficult for the road to accommodate high traffic volume. Therefore, the goal of this research is to model the effect of a road construction project on travel time at road link-level and help improve the mobility of people and goods through dissemination or implementation of proactive solutions. Data for a resurfacing construction project on I-485 in the city of Charlotte, North Carolina (NC) was used evaluation, analysis, and modeling. A statistical t-test was conducted to examine the relationship between the change in travel time before and during the construction project period. Further, travel time models were developed for the freeway links and the connecting arterial street links, both before and during the construction project period. The road network characteristics of each link, such as the volume/ capacity (V/C), the number of lanes, the speed limit, the shoulder width, the lane width, whether the link is divided or undivided, characteristics of neighboring links, the time-of-the-day, the day-of-the-week, and the distance of the link from the road construction project were considered as predictor variables for modeling. The results obtained indicate that a decrease in travel time was observed during the construction project period on the freeway links when compared to the before construction project period. Contrarily, an increase in travel time was observed during the construction project period on the connecting arterial street links when compared to the before construction project period. Also, the average travel time, the planning time, and the travel time index can better explain the effect of a road construction project on transportation system performance when compared to the planning time index and the buffer time index. The influence of predictor variables seem to vary before and during the construction project period on the freeway links and connecting arterial street links. Practitioners should take the research findings into consideration, in addition to the construction zone characteristics, when planning a road construction project and developing temporary traffic control and detour plans.
Author: Imad L. Al-Qadi
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203881206
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 924
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Book Description
Internationally, significant attention is given to transport sustainability including planning, design, construction, evaluation, safety and durability of the road system. The 4th International Gulf Conference on Roads: Efficient Transportation and Pavement Systems - Characterization, Mechanisms, Simulation, and Modeling, hosted by the University o
Author: Jae-Ho Pyeon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
ABSTRACT: Many state highway agencies use incentive contracting methods to improve highway construction project time performance. In general, while reducing project construction time will reduce driver inconveniences caused by construction, few studies have been conducted to evaluate the efficiency of incentive contracting for highway construction projects. Thus, this study focused on developing a model to predict incentive project time performance and to suggest approaches to improve project time performance for Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) highway construction. A decision-support simulation model using Monte Carlo simulation methods was developed to analyze and improve the efficiency of incentive contracting using key factors in FDOT highway construction projects. The simulation results are presented in the form of probability distributions.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309100887
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 325
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Book Description
All phases of road developmentâ€"from construction and use by vehicles to maintenanceâ€"affect physical and chemical soil conditions, water flow, and air and water quality, as well as plants and animals. Roads and traffic can alter wildlife habitat, cause vehicle-related mortality, impede animal migration, and disperse nonnative pest species of plants and animals. Integrating environmental considerations into all phases of transportation is an important, evolving process. The increasing awareness of environmental issues has made road development more complex and controversial. Over the past two decades, the Federal Highway Administration and state transportation agencies have increasingly recognized the importance of the effects of transportation on the natural environment. This report provides guidance on ways to reconcile the different goals of road development and environmental conservation. It identifies the ecological effects of roads that can be evaluated in the planning, design, construction, and maintenance of roads and offers several recommendations to help better understand and manage ecological impacts of paved roads.
Author: Jae H. Pyeon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Decision support systems
Languages : en
Pages : 82
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economic impact analysis
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
This primer provides a foundation for understanding the role of economic analysis in highway decision making. It is oriented toward state and local officials who have responsibility for assuring that limited resources get targeted to their best uses and who must publicly account for their decisions. Economic analysis is presented as an integral component of a comprehensive infrastructure management methodology that takes a long-term view of infrastructure performance and cost. The primer encompasses a full range of economic issues, including economic fundamentals, life-cycle cost analysis, benefit-cost analysis, forecasting traffic for benefit calculations, risk analysis and economic impact analysis.
Author: Konstadinos G. Goulias
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420042289
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 454
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Book Description
Transportation engineering and transportation planning are two sides of the same coin aiming at the design of an efficient infrastructure and service to meet the growing needs for accessibility and mobility. Many well-designed transport systems that meet these needs are based on a solid understanding of human behavior. Since transportation systems
Author: Wallied Orabi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The nation0́9s transportation networks including its roads, highways and bridges are aging and deteriorating at an increasing and rapid rate. The vulnerability of these aging networks of roads and bridges is exacerbated when they are subjected to natural disasters such as earthquakes and hurricanes which often cause severe disruption of the level of service provided by these transportation networks. Significant financial and construction resources are needed to complete the highway reconstruction and rehabilitation projects required to repair these aging and damaged transportation networks and bringing them to acceptable levels. The lack of sufficient resources to complete these highway construction projects concurrently requires effective and efficient utilization of these limited financial and construction resources in order to satisfy multiple and often conflicting objectives. Accordingly, there is a pressing need for new decision support models that are capable of: (1) analyzing the impact of reconstruction/rehabilitation efforts on the performance of transportation networks; (2) optimizing post-disaster reconstruction efforts of damaged transportation networks in order to simultaneously minimize reconstruction costs and network service disruption; and (3) optimizing highway rehabilitation of deficient transportation networks in order identify optimal program(s) that maximize net societal benefits while minimizing the level of service disruption experienced by travelers during the construction efforts. First, a highway service disruption model is developed to support measuring and evaluating the expected disruption in the level of service provided by aging and damaged transportation networks during highway reconstruction and rehabilitation projects. The model considers the impact of construction projects and their dynamic nature on the functional performance of aging and damaged transportation networks during reconstruction and rehabilitation efforts. The capabilities of the developed model in assessing the service disruption in aging and damaged transportation networks, include: (1) considering the dynamic nature of construction operations and activities and identifying their expected impact on the functional performance of aging and damaged transportation networks during reconstruction and rehabilitation efforts; (2) accounting for the rationality of travelers in choosing which route/detour to use to reach their destinations; and (3) evaluating the overall loss/savings in network travel time of the aging and damaged transportation networks during highway reconstruction and rehabilitation efforts. These new and unique capabilities of the developed model should prove useful to decision makers and planners in departments of transportation (DOTs) and should contribute to planning and optimizing highway reconstruction and rehabilitation efforts. Second, resource utilization model and multi-objective optimization models are developed to enable an efficient and effective reconstruction process for damaged transportation networks in the aftermath of natural disasters. The developed models provide a number of new and unique capabilities in generating optimal tradeoffs between network service disruption and reconstruction cost. These capabilities include: (1) considering the impact of the limited availability of resources on scheduling the reconstruction efforts for damaged transportation networks; (2) evaluating the service disruption in the damaged transportation network during the reconstruction efforts; and (3) optimizing the utilization of reconstruction resources to minimize the network service disruption of damaged transportation networks while keeping the reconstruction costs to a minimum. These new and unique capabilities of the developed models should prove useful to decision makers and planners in emergency management agencies and should contribute to enhancing the planning of reconstruction efforts for damaged transportation networks after natural disasters. Third, a highway rehabilitation planning and optimization model is developed to enable efficient and effective rehabilitation of aging transportation networks. This model incorporates four new modules that provide new capabilities in generating optimal tradeoffs between maximizing net rehabilitation benefits and minimizing network service disruption. These capabilities are demonstrated in the ability of the developed rehabilitation planning and optimization model to consider a number of practical highway rehabilitation requirements, including: (1) considering the impact of the limited availability of funding on planning rehabilitation efforts for aging transportation networks; (2) evaluating the expected service disruption and road user savings during and after completion of rehabilitation efforts; (3) estimating the expected net benefits of rehabilitation programs; and (4) optimizing the allocation of financial resources to maximize net rehabilitation benefits and minimize network service disruption. These new and unique capabilities of the research developments presents in this chapter should prove useful to decision makers and planners in departments of transportation (DOTs) and should contribute to enhancing the planning of rehabilitation efforts for aging transportation networks. The main research developments of this study are expected to contribute to the advancement of current practices in highway construction planning and optimization and can lead to: (1) accelerating the completion of highway reconstruction and rehabilitation projects and minimizing the service disruption experienced by travelers during the construction work; (2) optimizing the allocation of limited budgets and financial resources to competing highway projects; and (3) improving the utilization efficiency of construction resources in highway projects and therefore increasing their productivity.
Author: Sang Yong Lee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Urban transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 504
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Book Description
Author: Ennio Cascetta
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387758577
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 753
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Book Description
"This book provides a rigorous and comprehensive coverage of transportation models and planning methods and is a must-have to anyone in the transportation community, including students, teachers, and practitioners." Moshe Ben-Akiva, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
