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Author: Gerard O'Cuinn
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000722589
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Metabolism of Brain Peptides discusses neuropeptide metabolism in light of recent research. It describes the processing mechanisms in the production of biologically active peptides. It details distribution of the variety of neuropeptides in the brain and comprehensively reviews the effects of these neuropeptides on behavioral and physiological functions. The book also examines termination mechanisms for the biological activities of neuropeptides in light of recent knowledge of their distribution, their receptors and their possible inactivation enzymes in various functional regions of the brain and at the blood-brain barrier.
Author: Gerard O'Cuinn
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000722589
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Metabolism of Brain Peptides discusses neuropeptide metabolism in light of recent research. It describes the processing mechanisms in the production of biologically active peptides. It details distribution of the variety of neuropeptides in the brain and comprehensively reviews the effects of these neuropeptides on behavioral and physiological functions. The book also examines termination mechanisms for the biological activities of neuropeptides in light of recent knowledge of their distribution, their receptors and their possible inactivation enzymes in various functional regions of the brain and at the blood-brain barrier.
Author: Dorothy T. Krieger
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1054
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Book Description
The first major comprehensive overview of the anatomical, physiological, evolutionary, and embryological aspects of brain peptides, focusing on peptides described in the past decade. Examines the role of peptides in affecting major homeostatic systems. Presents the methodologies applicable to the study of brain peptides. Summarizes current knowledge of individual peptides.
Author: M. Segal
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400922299
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Book Description
Definition of the barrier The interstitial fluid (rSF) of the brain is separated from the blood by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This barrier must not be thought of as a single entity or as an absolute restriction to all molecules, but as a multiple structure located at several sites within the brain. The first of these interfaces is located at the endothelium of the brain capillaries. Secondly there is a potential site for interchange on the outer linings of the brain between the dura and the arachnoid membranes. Thirdly, there are the choroid plexuses and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) which is in contact with the very permeable internal ependymal lining of the brain (Figure 1. 1). Finally there are areas of the brain which lack a blood-brain barrier. These areas constitute the circumventricu lar organs and have leaky capillaries with a barrier at the ependyma which limits the spread of molecules from those regions (Figure 1. 2). Each of these BBB sites has its own characteristic permeability and transport functions. We will now consider the properties of each of these barrier sites between the blood and the brain. THE CEREBRAL CAPILLARY ENDOTHELIUM Morphology This interface has both the largest surface area and the shortest path length between the blood and the brain rSF. The cerebral capillaries, which at first sight seem little different from the rest of the systemic circulation, are in fact unique to the brain.
Author: Laszlo Prokai
Publisher: Birkhäuser
ISBN: 3034880499
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
Hypo- or hypersecretion, alteration in storage, release, catabolism, and post-translational processing of neuropeptides are associated with the etiology of many diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Various peptides native to the brain and the spinal cord, as well as various synthetic peptides, peptide analogues and peptidomimetics developed as their agonists or antagonists could be useful in the treatment of these CNS maladies. However, peptides face a formidable obstacle in reaching the intended site of action due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a vital element in the regulation of the internal environment of the brain and the spinal cord. After reviews on the role and neuropharmaceutical potential of peptides, properties of the BBB in the context of peptide transport in the CNS and potential transport mechanisms to cross the BBB, this volume discusses the development, present state-of-the-art and future trends of various strategies to overcome this major obstacle to peptide pharmacotherapy involving the CNS. Chapters are devoted to cover invasive approaches that circumvent the BBB by direct administration into the brain or the spinal cord and by transiently opening the tight junctions of or permeabilizing the endothelial cells separating the systemic circulation from the interstitial fluid of the CNS. Subsequently, physiologically based strategies that utilize biological carriers to gain access to the CNS are discussed in detail, followed by methods encompassing prodrug and chemical delivery/targeting strategies, which aim at altering the properties of the peptide to enhance BBB transport, and drug delivery strategies based on peptide vectors. Finally, a comparative evaluation on the present status and perspectives of the techniques is presented.
Author: Александр Владимирович Палладин
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
Author: Kenneth W. McKerns
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461592488
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 642
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Book Description
Near the end of September 1980, the contributors to Hormonally Active Brain Pep tides: Structure and Function met to discuss their chapters for the monograph. This meeting was the eighth sponsored by the International Foundation for Biochemical Endocrinology and was held at the Hotel Plakir in Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia. Several months were allowed after the meeting for the contributors to revise their manuscripts and for editing. Professor Dr. Vladimir Pantie and the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts were in charge of the local arrangements and social activities. The Foundation is grateful for the splendid job that was done and for the out standing scientific, cultural, and social activities. I thank the Serbian Acad emy of Sciences and Arts and the Yugoslav Council of Academies for spon soring my stay in Yugoslavia. I greatly enjoyed giving lectures, visiting laboratories, and discussing research projects in a number of centers in Yugoslavia. A diverse group of topics was presented in Dubrovnik concerning cer tain brain peptides. The topics included "Structure, Function, and Confor mation of Neuropeptides," "Distribution of Peptides in the Brain," "Reg ulation of the Release of Peptide Hormones," "The Active Center of Gonadotropins," "In Vitro Synthesis of Hypothalamic Hormones," "Stud ies on Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone," "Studies on the Biosynthesis, Release, and Degradation of LH-RH," "Genesis and Properties of Pitu itary ACTH, Prolactin, and Growth Hormone Producing Cells," "Precur sors to Oligopeptide Hormones," and "Stress Effects on Peptide Hormone Synthesis
Author: Michael D. Taylor
Publisher: Wiley-VCH
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 600
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Book Description
Peptide-based drugs resemble natural peptides in their activity and, thus, increased understanding of peptide transport and metabolism permit optimization of the delivery properties of these new therapeutic agents. After an introduction to basic advances in molecular biology, drug metabolism, and drug transport of amino acids and peptides, this volume deals with intestinal peptide transport, liver peptide transport, peptide delivery through the blood-brain barrier, peptide transport in microorganisms, approaches to limiting peptide metabolism, and experimental systems to evaluate peptide transport and metabolism. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Simo S. Oja
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 0387303731
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 418
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Book Description
Author: Zofia Zukowska
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3764374179
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
The NPY-family of peptides encompasses several groups of neurotransmitters and hormones, which exert diverse biological and pathological actions that bear on all major vital systems. The recognition of the role of NPY in stimulation of food intake has already resulted in discovery of potent and selective NPY receptor Y-5 antagonists which are in clinical development for obesity while NPY Y1 receptors are targeted for cardiovascular indications. Research into the multiple functions of NPY and its receptors in neurological and affective disorders are also actively pursued. This book is a unique compilation of the most recent breakthroughs in NPY/PYY neurobiology, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, written by internationally renowned experts with the objective to synthesize leading concepts and data in support for translational medicine.
Author: James A. Carr
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889195376
Category : Corticotropin releasing hormone
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
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