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Author: J. Marshall Clark
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
One of the fundamental concepts of toxicology is that chemicals act at selective receptors and that such interactions result in phar macologic responses which, depending on dose, mayor may not result in toxicity. For us to understand how insecticides produce their toxic effects, we must first understand their molecular interactions with their target receptors. With this in mind, we organized a symposium which was given in conjunction with the XVII International Congress of Entomology in Hamburg on August 21, 1984. The goal of this symposium was to bring together researchers with a wide range of expertise who shared a common interest in the action of insecticides on the insect nervous system. It was decided to restrict the scope of the symposium so that selected topics could be discussed in greater depth. The volume which resulted from this symposium, -Membranes Receptors and Enzymes as Targets of Insecticidal Action-, details a number of bio chemical modes of action of insecticides on the insect nervous system. The volume is divided into two sections; the first dealing with the action of insecticides on the GABA-ch1oride channel complex. This section evolves from a discussion of the symptoms of cyclodiene toxicity presented by Dr. D. E. Woolley, to the structure-activity relationships and pharmacology of the channel complex and is concluded with the extremely interesting work of Dr. C. C. Wang on the action(s) of avermectin at this receptor.
Author: J. Marshall Clark
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
One of the fundamental concepts of toxicology is that chemicals act at selective receptors and that such interactions result in phar macologic responses which, depending on dose, mayor may not result in toxicity. For us to understand how insecticides produce their toxic effects, we must first understand their molecular interactions with their target receptors. With this in mind, we organized a symposium which was given in conjunction with the XVII International Congress of Entomology in Hamburg on August 21, 1984. The goal of this symposium was to bring together researchers with a wide range of expertise who shared a common interest in the action of insecticides on the insect nervous system. It was decided to restrict the scope of the symposium so that selected topics could be discussed in greater depth. The volume which resulted from this symposium, -Membranes Receptors and Enzymes as Targets of Insecticidal Action-, details a number of bio chemical modes of action of insecticides on the insect nervous system. The volume is divided into two sections; the first dealing with the action of insecticides on the GABA-ch1oride channel complex. This section evolves from a discussion of the symptoms of cyclodiene toxicity presented by Dr. D. E. Woolley, to the structure-activity relationships and pharmacology of the channel complex and is concluded with the extremely interesting work of Dr. C. C. Wang on the action(s) of avermectin at this receptor.
Author: J.E. Chambers
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468413244
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 277
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Book Description
Intoxication of humans and animals has become increasingly important in recent years as has contamination of the environment by a variety of chemicals. In order to develop effective means by which such intoxication and contamination can be properly handled, it is imperative to know how these environmental agents act in humans and animals. Despite studies conducted by various investigators, the mechanisms of action of these environmental agents have not been fully elucidated. Insecticides are by no means an exception in terms of the seriousness of the problem and of the urgency of the need for such information. In order to complete a picture of the effects of any particular insecticide, it is of utmost importance that its actions at various levels ranging from those of molecules to whole animals be analyzed and synthesized. To understand the toxicological action on animals or humans, it is not sufficient to know the action at each level only. The actions at various levels must be integrated to construct a picture of the toxic effect on the intact organism. However, in spite of the large body of information that has been accumulated during the past few decades, little or no attempt has been made to integrate experimental data obtained at the molecular, cellular, organ, and animal levels together in order to define the whole picture of insecticidal action.
Author:
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642466745
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 317
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Book Description
Since the middle of the Sixties, new types of formulation for biologically active com pounds have been developed, which have been introduced into the literature under the term Controlled Release Formulations (CRF). Stimulated by results from former and successful pharmaceutical research, which was engaged in the production of prepa rations with protracted effects (introduction onto the market in the year 1952 of D amphetamine in the form of pellets, coated to varying degrees with fats and waxes) 1), experiments were carried out to transfer the prolongation of effectiveness to pesticidal substances also, by means of a depot formulation. Initial work was concerned with the production of protective coatings for sonar systems in marine ecosystems. By means of antifouling paints or rubber coatings containing tri-n-butyl-tin oxide (TBTO), the growth of marine organisms on sonar domes, buoys and hulls in the water could be effectively prevented 2. 3). Controlled release formUlations of pesticides are defined as depot systems which continuously release their toxic constituents into the environment over a specified period of time (usually months to years) 4). According to this definition, such formu lations can be successfully employed where a chronic exposure to biologically active compounds is required over a longer period. The following hypothetical example is intended to illustrate this 5). In Fig. 1, the duration of activity of a non-persistent pesticide with a loss rate under environmental conditions of t1/2 = 15 days, is graphically illustrated.
Author: Ivan Huber
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351087665
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 533
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Book Description
Cockroaches offer a useful and inexpensive alternative to traditional laboratory animals, yet most researchers are unfamiliar with their biology. This unique and comprehensive cockroach handbook is written for everyone from novice to expert. It addresses every aspect of cockroach biology, with a particular emphasis on the neuroendocrine system. Liberally illustrated chapters include such topics as cockroach culture, anatomy, behavior, and various experimental techniques. One of the few available books to provide broad coverage of the neurobiology of a single organism, this second volume is a must for all researchers in biomedical or veterinary fields, as well as for entomologists.
Author: Peter C. Ruben
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642415881
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
A number of techniques to study ion channels have been developed since the electrical basis of excitability was first discovered. Ion channel biophysicists have at their disposal a rich and ever-growing array of instruments and reagents to explore the biophysical and structural basis of sodium channel behavior. Armed with these tools, researchers have made increasingly dramatic discoveries about sodium channels, culminating most recently in crystal structures of voltage-gated sodium channels from bacteria. These structures, along with those from other channels, give unprecedented insight into the structural basis of sodium channel function. This volume of the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology will explore sodium channels from the perspectives of their biophysical behavior, their structure, the drugs and toxins with which they are known to interact, acquired and inherited diseases that affect sodium channels and the techniques with which their biophysical and structural properties are studied.
Author: Wilfried Draber
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849358593
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 604
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Book Description
This book presents discussions of the most important aspects in the development of agrochemicals. The book covers such broad areas as structure activity and ecotoxicological analyses in comprehensive reviews for general methods and chronicles for individual examples. Topics in structure-activity relationships include how to combine submolecular structures of pharmacological interests and modify them according to chemorational models with computer-aided procedures such as the traditional Hansch-type QSAR, the sequential, simplex optimization, and molecular modeling. Topics in the ecotoxicology of organo phosphorus compounds are discussed in terms of the quantitative structure-toxicity relationship (QSTR). Chronicles of molecular orbital methodology in predicting environmental fates of agrochemicals are also provided. This volume will be invaluable for researchers in the agrochemical and pharmaceutical industries.
Author: Ivan Huber
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849348396
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 346
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Book Description
Cockroaches offer a useful and inexpensive alternative to traditional laboratory animals, yet most researchers are unfamiliar with their biology. This unique and comprehensive cockroach handbook is written for everyone from novice to expert. It addresses every aspect of cockroach biology, with a particular emphasis on the neuroendocrine system. Liberally illustrated chapters include such topics as cockroach culture, anatomy, behavior, and various experimental techniques. One of the few available books to provide broad coverage of the neurobiology of a single organism, this second volume is a must for all researchers in biomedical or veterinary fields, as well as for entomologists.
Author: James Ridsdill-Smith
Publisher: Entomological Society of America
ISBN: 097762093X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Every four years, the world’s entomological community gathers to share and debate the latest research and to discuss the challenges facing entomology. This book explores the 100-plus-year history of these meetings, offering a glimpse into the global collaborations and scientific achievements that drove entomology to where it is today and will be tomorrow. Journey across the continents and through this rich history, learning about the people that have helped shape this science and the ways the study of insects has evolved over the years.
Author: Robert Engel
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482277247
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 912
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Book Description
This practical work summarizes the development of organophosphorus chemistry in topical areas and details the discipline's current state - providing applications and experimental procedures throughout.;Written by 18 leading authorities in the field, the Handbook of Organophosphorus Chemistry: examines advances in the mechanistic understanding of the Perkow and related organophosphorus reactions; describes methods for the reduction of quinquevalent to trivalent phosphorus and their applications to standard synthetic procedures; emphasizes the preparation of phosphonates bearing hydroxy, amino, and thiol functions at the alpha-position relative to the phosphoryl group; reviews the basics of NMR as it applies to the 31P nucleus, considering the use of the latest measurement techniques in solving structural and mechanistic problems; compares the characteristics of polymer-based and monomeric materials; and presents recent progress in the design of insecticides and covers their chemical and biological characteristics.;Generously referenced with close to 3000 bibliographic citations, the Handbook of Organophosphorus Chemistry is an important volume for organic, medicinal, and agricultural chemists and biochemists; pharmacists; chemical engineers; and graduate-level students in these disciplines.
Author: Yanli Deng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
