Linking Optical and Chemical Properties of Dissolved Organic Matter in Natural Waters PDF Download
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Author: Christopher L. Osburn
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889450813
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
A substantial increase in the number of studies using the optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence) of dissolved organic matter (DOM) as a proxy for its chemical properties in estuaries and the coastal and open ocean has occurred during the last decade. We are making progress on finding the actual chemical compounds or phenomena responsible for DOM’s optical properties. Ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry, in particular, has made important progress in making the key connections between optics and chemistry. But serious questions remain and the last major special issue on DOM optics and chemistry occurred nearly 10 years ago. Controversies remain from the non-specific optical properties of DOM that are not linked to discrete sources, and sometimes provide conflicting information. The use of optics, which is relatively easier to employ in synoptic and high resolution sampling to determine chemistry, is a critical connection to make and can lead to major advances in our understanding of organic matter cycling in all aquatic ecosystems. The contentions and controversies raised by our poor understanding of the linkages between optics and chemistry of DOM are bottlenecks that need to be addressed and overcome.
Author: Christopher L. Osburn
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889450813
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 244
Get Book Here
Book Description
A substantial increase in the number of studies using the optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence) of dissolved organic matter (DOM) as a proxy for its chemical properties in estuaries and the coastal and open ocean has occurred during the last decade. We are making progress on finding the actual chemical compounds or phenomena responsible for DOM’s optical properties. Ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry, in particular, has made important progress in making the key connections between optics and chemistry. But serious questions remain and the last major special issue on DOM optics and chemistry occurred nearly 10 years ago. Controversies remain from the non-specific optical properties of DOM that are not linked to discrete sources, and sometimes provide conflicting information. The use of optics, which is relatively easier to employ in synoptic and high resolution sampling to determine chemistry, is a critical connection to make and can lead to major advances in our understanding of organic matter cycling in all aquatic ecosystems. The contentions and controversies raised by our poor understanding of the linkages between optics and chemistry of DOM are bottlenecks that need to be addressed and overcome.
Author: Paula G. Coble
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521764610
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 407
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Book Description
A core text on principles, laboratory/field methodologies, and data interpretation for fluorescence applications in aquatic science, for advanced students and researchers.
Author: Thomas S. Bianchi
Publisher: Texas A&M University Press
ISBN: 1623497752
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 716
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Book Description
The fifth volume in the Harte Research Institute’s landmark scientific series on the Gulf of Mexico provides the first comprehensive study that covers the major core subjects of chemical oceanography in the Gulf. It synthesizes a tremendous amount of established research, together with the most recent information emerging from studies conducted during and after the Macondo Well oil spill that resulted from the explosion of the Deepwater Horizon drilling platform. Situated within the boundaries of a changing semi-tropical region, the Gulf of Mexico is a particularly important body to its bordering countries—the United States, Mexico, and Cuba—and directly influences the economies of these nations through shipping, oil and gas extraction, mineral mining, fisheries, and myriad ecosystem services and recreational opportunities. The changing chemistry of the Gulf also has wide-ranging effects on weather patterns as many of the hurricanes that reach land in the US and Mexico pass through this ocean basin. We are already seeing some of the consequences of climate change, including, to name one example, the increased frequency of harmful algal blooms, the cause of which is still unknown in most cases. This book brings together a team of expert chemical oceanographers from the US and Mexico to provide a foundational understanding of the complex chemistry of North America’s only marginal sea. Gulf of Mexico Origin, Waters, and Biota: Volume 5, Chemical Oceanography serves as an important reference for understanding the basic science, management, and economic issues facing the Gulf of Mexico while pointing out key topics in critical need of additional research.
Author: Meilin Wu
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832515762
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
Author: E.M. Thurman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9789024731435
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 524
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Book Description
This book is written as a reference on organic substances in natural waters and as a supplementary text for graduate students in water chemistry. The chapters address five topics: amount, origin, nature, geochemistry, and characterization of organic carbon. Of these topics, the main themes are the amount and nature of dissolved organic carbon in natural waters (mainly fresh water, although seawater is briefly discussed). It is hoped that the reader is familiar with organic chemistry, but it is not necessary. The first part of the book is a general overview of the amount and general nature of dissolved organic carbon. Over the past 10 years there has been an exponential increase in knowledge on organic substances in water, which is the result of money directed toward the research of organic compounds, of new methods of analysis (such as gas chromatography and mass spectrometry), and most importantly, the result of more people working in this field. Because of this exponential increase in knowledge, there is a need to pull together and summarize the data that has accumulated from many disciplines over the last decade.
Author: Jesper H. Andersen
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889634329
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
Author: Khan M.G. Mostofa
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642322239
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 919
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Book Description
Photoinduced processes, caused by natural sunlight, are key functions for sustaining all living organisms through production and transformation of organic matter (OM) in the biosphere. Production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from OM is a primary step of photoinduced processes, because H2O2 acts as strong reductant and oxidant. It is potentially important in many aquatic reactions, also in association with photosynthesis. Allochthonous and autochthonous dissolved organic matter (DOM) can be involved into several photoinduced or biological processes. DOM subsequently undergoes several physical, chemical, photoinduced and biological processes, which can be affected by global warming. This book is uniquely structured to overview some vital issues, such as: DOM; H2O2 and ROOH; HO•; Degradation of DOM; CDOM, FDOM; Photosynthesis; Chlorophyll; Metal complexation, and Global warming, as well as their mutual interrelationships, based on updated scientific results.
Author: N.G. Jerlov
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080870503
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 247
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Book Description
Marine Optics
Author: Patrick L. Brezonik
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0197604722
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 977
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Book Description
Water Chemistry provides students with the tools needed to understand the processes that control the chemical species present in waters of both natural and engineered systems. After providing basic information about water and its chemical composition in environmental systems, the text covers theoretical concepts key to solving water chemistry problems. Water Chemistry emphasizes that both equilibrium and kinetic processes are important in aquatic systems. The content focuses not only on inorganic constituents but also on natural and anthropogenic organic chemicals in water. This new edition of Water Chemistry also features updated discussions of photochemistry, chlorine and disinfectants, geochemical controls on chemical composition, trace metals, nutrients, and oxygen. Quantitative equilibrium and kinetic problems related to acid-base chemistry, complexation, solubility, oxidation/reduction reactions, sorption, and the fate and reactions of organic chemicals are solved using mathematical, graphical, and computational tools. Examples show the application of theory and demonstrate how to solve problems using algebraic, graphical, and up-to-date computer-based techniques. Additional web material provides advanced content.
Author: Fernando Rosario-Ortiz
Publisher: ACS Symposium
ISBN: 9780841229518
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The study of dissolved organic matter (DOM) has fascinated scientists and engineers for at least 60 years - from the initial efforts focused on measuring the concentrations of carbon in marine and aquatic systems, to the discovery of the role of DOM in the formation of disinfection byproducts, all the way to the new emphasis on the detailed understanding of the different functional groups and basic structural features which are the basis for the physicochemical properties of the material. After 50 years of work in the area, there are still many questions regarding DOM. The study of dissolved organic matter (DOM) has fascinated researchers in different fields of science and engineering for many decades. The impact that DOM has on a wide array of environmental processes has resulted in the development of a multidisciplinary community of researchers all focusing on using different analytical techniques and experimental design to better understand DOM. This book offers select case studies focusing on the advanced characterization of DOM in different environments and with respect to different processes. It results from the conclusion of a symposium that E. M. Thurman and I had organized for the 245th meeting of the American Chemical Society, which was held on April 7-11, 2013 in New Orleans, Louisiana.
