LASER ELECTROSPRAY MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES PDF Download
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Author: Elizabeth Jean Judge
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
The use of femtosecond (fs) laser pulses in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and for chemical analysis using mass spectrometry is explored. A comparison of fs-LIBS and remote filament-induced breakdown spectroscopy (R-FIBS) in the analysis of graphite composites yielded more accurate results with filaments due to intensity clamping within the filament. The investigation of fs-LIBS and R-FIBS in the detection of explosives led to the discovery of femtosecond vaporization of intact molecules under ambient conditions. This knowledge was then used in the development of a new ambient laser-based mass analysis technique. The combination of nonresonant femtosecond laser vaporization with electrospray post-ionization called laser electrospray mass spectrometry (LEMS) was investigated as a universal detection method of pharmaceuticals, biological macromolecules and plant tissues. We show the capability of femtosecond lasers to desorb sample without any sample preparation or resonant transition in the sample or substrate. Ambient mass spectral imaging and tissue type classification is also demonstrated.
Author: Elizabeth Jean Judge
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
The use of femtosecond (fs) laser pulses in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and for chemical analysis using mass spectrometry is explored. A comparison of fs-LIBS and remote filament-induced breakdown spectroscopy (R-FIBS) in the analysis of graphite composites yielded more accurate results with filaments due to intensity clamping within the filament. The investigation of fs-LIBS and R-FIBS in the detection of explosives led to the discovery of femtosecond vaporization of intact molecules under ambient conditions. This knowledge was then used in the development of a new ambient laser-based mass analysis technique. The combination of nonresonant femtosecond laser vaporization with electrospray post-ionization called laser electrospray mass spectrometry (LEMS) was investigated as a universal detection method of pharmaceuticals, biological macromolecules and plant tissues. We show the capability of femtosecond lasers to desorb sample without any sample preparation or resonant transition in the sample or substrate. Ambient mass spectral imaging and tissue type classification is also demonstrated.
Author: John Joseph Brady
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
This dissertation details the design and implementation of a state-of-the-art ambient trace analysis technique known as laser electrospray mass spectrometry. This novel technique utilizes an intense, nonresonant femtosecond laser pulse to transfer nonvolatile, fragile molecules into the gas phase from various substrates. The vaporized analyte is subsequently captured, solvated and ionized in an electrospray plume enabling mass analysis. Laser electrospray mass spectrometry is capable of analyzing samples in the liquid or solid states, mass spectral imaging of adsorbed molecules and detecting low vapor pressure analytes remotely. Experiments with biomolecules and pharmaceuticals, such as vitamin B12 and oxycodone, have demonstrated that the nonresonant femtosecond laser pulse allows for coupling into and vaporization of all molecules. This implies that sample preparation (elution, mixing with matrix and choosing samples with a particular electronic or vibrational transition) is not necessary, thus creating a universal mass analysis technique. Investigations using low vapor pressure molecules, such as lipids and proteins, led to the discovery that unfragmented molecules are transferred into the gas phase via a nonthermal mechanism. The laser electrospray mass spectrometry technique has allowed for the nonresonant femtosecond laser vaporization and mass analysis of trace amounts of a nitro-based explosive from a metal surface. The vaporization of unfragmented explosive molecules from a surface facilitates the identification of the explosive, reducing the probability of false positives and false negatives. In addition, this "soft" vaporization of molecules using nonresonant femtosecond laser pulses allows for protein to be transferred from the condensed phase into the gas phase without altering the molecule's structure, enabling ex vivo conformational analysis and possible disease typing.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The field of mass spectrometry has grown tremendously over the past few decades due in large part to the continued application to new and interesting areas of exploration. The advent of soft ionization sources such as electrospray ionization and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization have dramatically increased the capabilities of mass spectrometry and increased the amount of information derived from biological samples. As a result, there has been tremendous growth in the development of new ionization source technology in recent years. One of the main driving forces behind the development of new ionization technology is for the reduction of sample preparation required prior to analysis, yielding high throughput sample analysis. Demonstrated herein is the development and characterization of an atmospheric pressure ionization source called matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (MALDESI). MALDESI is a hybrid combination of MALDI and ESI which utilizes laser desorption with electrospray postionization for the generation of multiply-charged ions. Multiply-charged ions are of particular importance when using Fourier transform mass spectrometry, due to the increase in resolving power and mass accuracy with increasing charge on the molecule. Top-down characterization of intact polypeptides is demonstrated as well as high mass accuracy utilizing internal calibration. A newly designed highly robust and versatile atmospheric pressure ionization platform is developed and described in detail. Solid- and liquid state analysis of three out of the four classes of biological molecules is demonstrated utilizing the newly developed versatile ionization platform. MALDESI utilizing ultraviolet and infrared laser desorption is demonstrated at various wavelengths (UV, 337 nm and 349 nm and IR, 2.94 Ã'Âæm and 10.6 Ã'Âæm) with and without ESI postionization for the generation of multiply-charged ions. The characteristics of liquid-state samples are described as a mac.
Author: Franz Hillenkamp
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527610472
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 365
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Book Description
The introduction of the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization technique (MALDI) changed mass spectrometry (MS) into a powerful tool for biomedical analysis that is now widely employed in academic as well as industrial laboratories. The 2002 Nobel Prize was awarded for the development of methods for identification and structure analyses of biological macromolecules. MALDI is one of the two mass spectrometric methods besides Electrospray which is universally used for this purpose. This unique book gives an in-depth description of the many different applications of MALDI MS, along with a detailed discussion of the technology itself. It will be a much-needed practical and educational asset for individuals, academic institutions and companies in the field of bioanalytics.
Author: A.L. Burlingame
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 159259719X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 576
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Book Description
Leading practitioners detail revolutionary new spectrometric techniques for the identification and covalent structural characterization of macromolecules, proteins, glycoconjugates, and nucleic acids. Based on the Fourth International Symposium on Mass Spectrometry in the Health and Life Sciences held in San Francisco in 1998, this invaluable book contains tested strategies for solving many significant biomedical research problems. The techniques use mass spectrometry, automated computer processing of spectral information, and gene, protein, and EST databases for genomic and proteomic correlations. Mass Spectrometry in Biology and Medicine offers a unique opportunity to explore and apply these new techniques of mass spectrometry that are revolutionizing the identification and structural characterization of proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
Author: Rainer Cramer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319048198
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 287
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Book Description
This book covers the state-of-the-art of modern MALDI (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization) and its applications. New applications and improvements in the MALDI field such as biotyping, clinical diagnosis, forensic imaging, and ESI-like ion production are covered in detail. Additional topics include MS imaging, biotyping/speciation and large-scale, high-speed MS sample profiling, new methods based on MALDI or MALDI-like sample preparations, and the advantages of ESI to MALDI MS analysis. This is an ideal book for graduate students and researchers in the field of bioanalytical sciences. This book also: • Showcases new techniques and applications in MALDI MS • Demonstrates how MALDI is preferable to ESI (electrospray ionization) • Illustrates the pros and cons associated with biomarker discovery studies in clinical proteomics and the various application areas, such as cancer proteomics
Author: Laura M Cole
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 1071633198
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 217
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Book Description
This second edition details new and updated chapters on key methodologies and breakthroughs in the mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) field. Chapters guide readers through nano-Desorption Electrospray Ionisation (nDESI), Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation-2 (MALDI-2), Laser Ablation - Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) ,Imaging Mass Cytometry (IMC) with a variety of diverse samples including eye tissue, crop analysis, 3D cell culture models, and counterfeit goods analysis. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Imaging Mass Spectrometry: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to be a useful and practical guide to new researchers and experts looking to expand their knowledge.
Author: A.L. Burlingame
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN: 9780121828073
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 520
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Book Description
Describes and integrates the techniques of many advances in both chromatographic and mass spectrometric technologies. This book also covers various biophysical applications, such as H/D exchange for study of conformations, protein-protein and protein-metal and ligand interactions. It also describes atto-to-zepto-mole quantitation of 14C and 3H.
Author: Robert J. Cotter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
This book presents the basic principles of time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry with a strong emphasis on applications in biological research. It describes many innovative techniques, including orthogonal extraction, post source decay, and delayed extraction, and surveys ionization techniques used on TOF mass spectrometers such as electron impact, plasma desorption, SIMS, FAB, laser desorption, MALDI, and electrospray. The book features chapters on applications to peptides/proteins, oligonucleotides, and other biological macromolecules, and examines how techniques might be used in sequencing the human genome.
Author: David H. Russell
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1489925694
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
Mass spectrometry underwent dramatic changes during the decade of the 1980s. Fast atom bombardment (F AB) ionization, developed by Barber and coworkers, made it possible for all mass spectrometry laboratories to analyze polar, highly functionalized organic molecules, and in some cases ionic, inorganic, and organometallic compounds. The emphasis of much of this work was on molecular weight determination. Parallel with the development of ionization methods (molecular weight mass spectrometry) for polar biological molecules, the increased mass range of sector and quadrupole mass spectrometers and the development of new instruments for tandem mass spectrometry fostered a new era in structural mass spectrometry. It was during this same period that new instrument technologies, such as Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance, radio frequency quadrupole ion trap, and new types of time-of-flight mass spectrometers, began to emerge as useful analytical instruments. In addi tion, laser methods useful for both sample ionization and activation became commonplace in almost every analytical mass spectrometry laboratory. In the last 5 years, there has been explosive growth in the area of biological mass spectrometry. Such ionization methods as electrospray and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) have opened new frontiers for both molecular weight and structural mass spectrometry, with mass spectrometry being used for analysis at the picomole and even femto mole levels. In ideal cases, subfemtomole sample levels can be successfully analyzed. Sample-handling methods are now the limiting factor in analyz ing trace amounts of biological samples.
