Laboratory Evaluation of Bicarbonate Powders as Fire Suppressants PDF Download
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Languages : en
Pages : 0
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The Combustion Dynamics Section of the Navy Technology Center for Safety and Survivability is actively involved in addressing US Navy needs for fire protection, concentrating on the effectiveness of current and future fire extinguishing agents, with the responsibility to recommend and help design Navy shipboard total flooding fire suppression systems. We are currently examining several replacement agents and alternative suppression technologies including the use of aerosols and powders. This paper describes recent collaborative work with Kidde International on the flame extinction properties of various bicarbonate powders. We have examined the concentration of bicarbonate powders required to extinguish both laboratory counterflow propane-air diffusion flames and small obscured n-heptane pan fires. Extinction information as a function of powder composition and size has been obtained. Within experimental uncertainty, smaller particles were more effective than larger ones. Potassium bicarbonate was more effective than sodium bicarbonate for each particle size studies. Similar dependence on size and powder composition was observed in both the counterflow diffusion flame and small chamber pan fire tests. Powder extinction data are given as well as implications of the findings.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The Combustion Dynamics Section of the Navy Technology Center for Safety and Survivability is actively involved in addressing US Navy needs for fire protection, concentrating on the effectiveness of current and future fire extinguishing agents, with the responsibility to recommend and help design Navy shipboard total flooding fire suppression systems. We are currently examining several replacement agents and alternative suppression technologies including the use of aerosols and powders. This paper describes recent collaborative work with Kidde International on the flame extinction properties of various bicarbonate powders. We have examined the concentration of bicarbonate powders required to extinguish both laboratory counterflow propane-air diffusion flames and small obscured n-heptane pan fires. Extinction information as a function of powder composition and size has been obtained. Within experimental uncertainty, smaller particles were more effective than larger ones. Potassium bicarbonate was more effective than sodium bicarbonate for each particle size studies. Similar dependence on size and powder composition was observed in both the counterflow diffusion flame and small chamber pan fire tests. Powder extinction data are given as well as implications of the findings.
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 67
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Book Description
Powders are known to be highly efficient fire-extinguishing agents. There are powders available that, on both weight and volume bases, are more efficient than Halon 1301 as fire-extinguishing agents. A project was undertaken to examine several powders by both optical microscopy and scanning election microscopy. Much of the information from these two forms of microscopy is complementary. The term 'characteristic dimension' was defined and applied in order to rank the powders on a size basis. Eleven fire-extinguishing powders and two common commercial powders were examined by both forms of microscopy. The fire-extinguishing grade of aluminum oxide had the smallest average characteristic dimension followed by the 'micronized' sodium bicarbonate samples. These sodium bicarbonate powders appeared to have very little agglomeration of the particles. The large amount of drying agent (approximately 8%) may explain this fact. In addition, most of the sodium bicarbonate powders had similar average characteristic dimensions. Therefore, it is felt that they may perform similarly as fire-extinguishing agents.
Author: Anthony E. Finnerty
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781423581185
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 67
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Book Description
Powders are known to be highly efficient fire-extinguishing agents. There are powders available that, on both weight and volume bases, are more efficient than Halon 1301 as fire-extinguishing agents. A project was undertaken to examine several powders by both optical microscopy and scanning election microscopy. Much of the information from these two forms of microscopy is complementary. The term 'characteristic dimension' was defined and applied in order to rank the powders on a size basis. Eleven fire-extinguishing powders and two common commercial powders were examined by both forms of microscopy. The fire-extinguishing grade of aluminum oxide had the smallest average characteristic dimension followed by the 'micronized' sodium bicarbonate samples. These sodium bicarbonate powders appeared to have very little agglomeration of the particles. The large amount of drying agent (approximately 8%) may explain this fact. In addition, most of the sodium bicarbonate powders had similar average characteristic dimensions. Therefore, it is felt that they may perform similarly as fire-extinguishing agents.
Author: R. R. Neill
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fire extinction
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
Author: Mark D. Reed
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fire extinguishing agents
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Author: National Fire Protection Association. Technical Committee on Chemistry Laboratories
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical laboratories
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Author: Sridhar Gudluru
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Author: H. B. Peterson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
Four samples of potassium bicarbonate base fire extinguishing powders, 'Purple-K-Powder, ' which had been ground to different degrees of fineness were analyzed for particle size characteristics by several different methods. These were the Blaine Fineness test, the Roller Particle Analyzer, the Coulter Counter, surface area by nitrogen adsorption, and mercury porosity. Comparisons were made of the results of the procedures. Highest values for specific surface were obtained by the nitrogen adsorption method followed by the Blaine, the Coulter, and then the Roller Methods, in that order. No conclusions were made as to which method gave the most accurate result for particle size, but it was found that the mean diameter was a better basis for comparing results than was the median diameter. Although the relationships of specific surface values among methods were non-linear over wide ranges, face values among methods were nonlinear over wide ranges, calibration curves were made to facilitate conversion. It was also concluded that specific surface values, as obtained by permeability with the Blaine method, were adequate for describing the desired size of particles for fire extinguishing purposes. (Author).
Author: John L. Bryan
Publisher: Prentice Hall
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 616
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Book Description
A text that provides an understanding of the basic principles involved in the design and operation of existing suppression and detection systems found in most occupancies. Each chapter includes a selected bibliography, suggested readings, and review questions. This edition examines the essential dat
Author: Leonard F. Truett
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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