Author: Abba A. IbrahimPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The oil and gas industry?s goal of developing high performing multiphase flow meteringsystems capable of reducing costs in the exploitation of marginal oil and gas reserves, especiallyin remote environments, cannot be over emphasised. Development of a cost-effective multiphase flow meter to determine the individual phase flowrates of oil, water and gas was experimentally investigated by means of low cost, simple andnon-intrusive commercially available sensors. Features from absolute pressure, differentialpressure (axial), gamma densitometer, conductivity and capacitance meters, in combinationwith pattern recognition techniques were used to detect shifts in flow conditions, such as flowstructure, pressure and salinity changes and measured multiphase flow parameterssimultaneously without the need for preconditioning or prior knowledge of either phase. The experiments were carried out at the National Engineering Laboratory (NEL) Multiphasefacility. Data was sampled at 250 Hz across a wide spectrum of flow conditions. Fluids usedwere nitrogen gas, oil (Forties and Beryl crude oil? D80, 33o API gravity) and water (salinitylevels of 50 and 100 g/l MgSO4). The sensor spool piece was horizontally mounted on a 4-inch(102mm) pipe, and the database was obtained from two different locations on the flow loop. The ability to learn from?experience? is a feature of neural networks. The use of neuralnetworks allows re-calibration of the measuring system on line through a retraining processwhen new information becomes available. Some benefits and capabilities of intelligentmultiphase flow systems include:? Reduction in the physical size of installations.? Sensor fusion by merging the operating envelopes of different sensors employedprovided even better results.? Monitoring of flow conditions, not just flow rate but also composition of components.? Using conventional sensors within the system will present the industry with a muchlower cost multiphase meter, and better reliability. Comment [HS1]: I think this wordshould be measured to make the sentenceread correctly.
