Infinitives and Gerunds in Recent English PDF Download
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Author: Juhani Rudanko
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319463136
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
This book explores the grammar of to infinitives and gerundial -ing clauses, which is a central area at the interface of syntax and semantics, against the background of what has been called the Great Complement Shift. Over the course of six chapters, the author explores the semantic properties of constructions where the general spread of gerundial -ing clauses occurs at the expense of to infinitives. The author draws on large electronic corpora, ensuring that new perspectives are opened on the basis of authentic corpus evidence. He identifies trends of variation and change in the use of the two constructions and proposes The Choice Principle, an innovative perspective on the semantics of to infinitives and gerundial -ing complements. This book will be of interest to researchers and students working on English grammar or the recent history of English grammar.
Author: Juhani Rudanko
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319463136
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 94
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book explores the grammar of to infinitives and gerundial -ing clauses, which is a central area at the interface of syntax and semantics, against the background of what has been called the Great Complement Shift. Over the course of six chapters, the author explores the semantic properties of constructions where the general spread of gerundial -ing clauses occurs at the expense of to infinitives. The author draws on large electronic corpora, ensuring that new perspectives are opened on the basis of authentic corpus evidence. He identifies trends of variation and change in the use of the two constructions and proposes The Choice Principle, an innovative perspective on the semantics of to infinitives and gerundial -ing complements. This book will be of interest to researchers and students working on English grammar or the recent history of English grammar.
Author: Thomas Celentano
Publisher: Lulu.com
ISBN: 0557016037
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
ESL learners: Master the use of English gerunds and infinitives as they are used after common verbs. The quick reference layout allows students to quickly and conveniently find topics of importance. Explanations are clear and concise and are backed up with many examples. There are reviews and practice sessions throughout the text.
Author: Thomas Celentano
Publisher: Focus on English Books
ISBN: 9781393469582
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 658
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Book Description
Author: James Altucher
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780996724302
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 235
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Book Description
Not everyone is cut out to be an entrepreneur. Many of us are happy to have a job, we just want a better job, one that fulfills us, makes us wealthy, and brings us satisfaction.Still, income is now permanently going down versus inflation for the average employee. Industry, knowledge, and management are all being outsourced cheaply to other countries or to technology. Many people mistakenly think that the solution is entrepreneurship. That "entrepreneurship is the pathway to riches". This is not true. Being an entrepreneur does have great upside but also it has a well-known rate of failure of 85%. There is no way to predict your way out of that 85%. 85% of ALL startups fail. The solution is to become a rich employee with the mindset and techniques described in this book. This is the first book ever to detail how one can become a The Rich Employee in our times. And there is more: companies in this new century will only succeed if they encourage their employees to develop a Rich Employee mindset. Written by the author of "The Choose Yourself Guide to Wealth" which USA Today has called "One of the 12 Best Business Books of All Time" and also the author of WSJ and USA Today bestseller "Choose Yourself" which Forbes recently called one of the "Top Five Books Every Entrepreneur Must Read", this book gives you the tools to find satisfaction, meaning, and true wealth as a rich employee.
Author: Patrick J. Duffley
Publisher: Peter Lang
ISBN: 9780820463995
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Original Scholarly Monograph
Author: Roy Norris
Publisher: MacMillan
ISBN: 9780230440111
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
The Teacher's Book is accompanied by a DVD-ROM with tests in both PDF and editable Word format, along with a series of teacher training videos. There is also additional photocopiable material in the Teacher's Book, with a focus on material for the Speaking test.
Author: S. Flynn
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400927339
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 455
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Book Description
Suzanne Flynn and Wayne O'Neil Massachusetts Institute of Technology I. INTRODUCTION The theory of Universal Grammar (UG) as explicated e. g. in Chomsky, 1986, has led to explosive developments in the study of natural language as well as to significant advances in the study of first language (L I) acquisition. Most recently. the theory of UG has led to important theore tical and empirical advances in the field of adult second language (L2) acquisition as well. The principle impetus for this development can be traced to the work in linguistics which shifted the study "from behavior or the products of behavior to states of the mind/brain that enter into behavior" (Chomksy. 1986:3). Grammars within this framework are conceived of as theoretical accounts of "the state of the mind/brain of the person who knows a particular language" (Chomsky. 1986:3). Research within fields of language acquisition seeks to isolate and specify the properties of the underlying competence necessary for language learning. Full development of a theory of UG demands study and understanding of the nature of both the formal properties of language and of the language acquisition process itself. However. while there is a tradition of debate and dialogue established between theoretical linguistics and Ll acquisition research. relatively few connections have been made between linguistic theory and L2 acquisition research.
Author: Yoko Iyeiri
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027211701
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 241
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Book Description
For sale in all countries except Japan. For customers in Japan: please contact Yushodo Co. The principal focus of this book concerns various shifts of complements which verbs of implicit negation (e.g. "forbid," "forbear," "avoid," "prohibit," and "prevent") have experienced in the history of English. "Forbid," for example, was once followed by "that"-clauses, while in contemporary English it is in usual cases followed by "to"-infinitives except in the fixed form "God forbid" "that" Although a number of English verbs have undergone similar syntactic changes, the paths they have selected in their historical development are not always the same. Unlike "forbid," the verb "prevent" is now followed by gerunds often with the preposition "from." This book describes some of the most representative paths followed by different verbs of implicit negation and reveals the major complement shifts that have occurred throughout the history of English. It will be of particular interest to researchers and students specializing in English linguistics, historical linguistics, and corpus linguistics."
Author: Thomas Egan
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 940120554X
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
This book presents a comprehensive guide to the way speakers of British English use infinitive and –ing clauses as verbal complements. It contains details of the non-finite complementation patterns of over 300 matrix verbs, with a particular emphasis on verbs that occur with more than one type of non-finite complement. Drawing upon data from the British National Corpus, the author shows that some of the views which are to be found in the existing literature on these sorts of clauses are in conflict with the evidence of actual usage. He also shows that there is actually much more regularity in this area than has often been taken to be the case. Moreover, this regularity is shown to be motivated by cognitive-functional factors. An appendix contains details of the relative frequency of all of the constructions dealt with in the study, together with an example of each of them. The book is of interest to language teachers as well as linguists, both theoretical and applied.
Author: Thomas Celentano
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
Master English prepositions at a higher level, for intermediate and advanced English learners. The book focuses on understanding English prepositions in a wide variety of real-life English communication. There is a special Quick-Find Menu at the beginning and at the end of the book that allows students to quickly find areas of interest. Explanations are clear and easy to understand and there are many examples to help the student understand this subject. This book is for all English learners who want to improve their fluency in English: ESL and ESOL students, IELTS students, TOEIC and TOEFL students, Cambridge students, GED students and anyone wanting to improve their English proficiency by knowing how to use English prepositions correctly in every sentence.
