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Author: Marketa Trimble
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1803923873
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 479
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Book Description
This Commentary analyses the history, technology, uses, legality, and circumvention of geo-blocking, which affects customers and businesses both inside and outside the EU. Marketa Trimble examines each of the provisions of the 2018 EU Geo-Blocking Regulation, including provisions on non-discriminatory access to online interfaces, goods and services, and means of payment.
Author: Tambiama Madiega
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Consumer protection
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Book Description
Geo-blocking practices commonly restrict cross-border sales of tangible goods as well as of electronically supplied services and electronically delivered content services in the EU. The Commission has therefore proposed a regulation which would prohibit traders from blocking access to their online interfaces to customers in another Member State or from automatically re-routing them to a different website for reasons related to the customers' nationality, place of residence or place of establishment. Foreign customers should be offered the same terms and conditions as local customers. However, audiovisual services would not be covered, with the Commission proposing to address them under the forthcoming copyright reform. While the proposal has been broadly welcomed, a number of specific issues have been raised by stakeholders and scholars.
Author: Marketa Trimble
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1803923873
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 479
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Book Description
This Commentary analyses the history, technology, uses, legality, and circumvention of geo-blocking, which affects customers and businesses both inside and outside the EU. Marketa Trimble examines each of the provisions of the 2018 EU Geo-Blocking Regulation, including provisions on non-discriminatory access to online interfaces, goods and services, and means of payment.
Author: Antonella Zarra
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 77
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Book Description
In the digital markets, thanks to a wider availability of data, firms are able to charge different prices according to customers' location and their guessed reservation prices. Geographic price discrimination is facilitated by geo-blocking, which prevents users in one country from accessing or buying on marketplaces in other countries. Geo-blocking creates barriers to the cross-border access to online contents and it is a source of concern for the European Union, as it hinders the goal of a Digital Single Market. This thesis aims at providing empirical evidence of geographic price discrimination due to geo-blocking and contributes to the ongoing debate on the issue with an extensive analysis of the phenomenon.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789276189442
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The 2019 Mystery Shopping Survey on territorial restrictions and geo-blocking in the European Digital Single Market (MSS 2019) analyses the occurrence of geoblocking practices and other sales-limiting practices linked to the territorial location of cross-border shoppers that are used by e-commerce websites in the former EU28. The European Commission has since 2015 developed actions to improve cross-border sales opportunities for consumers and businesses. The Geo-blocking Regulation (EU) 2018/302 (GBR) addressed the issue of unjustified "geo-blocking" and other forms of discrimination based on customers' nationality, place of residence or place of establishment within the EU's internal market. The present study was commissioned within the context of the European Commission's activities for the first-short term review of the GBR, with a view to monitor the first implementation of the Regulation, and its first contribution to the functioning of the internal market. Unjustified geoblocking and discrimination pursuant to the GBR can occur at several points in the cross-border shopping process. Other sales limiting practices may also have an impact on cross-border sales. The present study distinguishes the following phases, and analyses geoblocking and sales-limiting practices in each of them: access to a website; availability of products; registration; delivery to the shopper's country; price differences and payment. Throughout this process, there are several instances in which a cross-border shopper may not be able to proceed in the same way as a domestic shopper would do. In order to identify such practices and analyse the potential impact of the GBR on their frequency, the results of the present study were compared with the results from the 2015 Mystery Shopping Survey on territorial restrictions and geo-blocking in the European Digital Single Market, which was conducted using the same methodology.
Author: J. Scott Marcus
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 19
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Book Description
The European Commission has made legislative proposals to address “unjustified geo-blocking and other forms of discrimination based on customers' nationality, place of residence or place of establishment ...” The Commission's proposal seeks to address long-standing concerns that relatively few consumers in the EU make e-commerce purchases cross-border within the EU, and that relatively few merchants sell cross-border. The Commission's legislative proposal avoids imposing restrictions on geo-blocking (i.e. “conditions of access”) on any goods that require cross-border delivery. The exclusion is understandable inasmuch as cross-border delivery of goods imposes burdens on the merchant - it is clear that prices to the end-user cannot be the same as in the case of domestic delivery. At the same time, this “carve out” means that a large fraction of e-commerce is outside the scope of the key provisions of the proposed legislation. This paper represents a very preliminary attempt to identify the challenges, and possible responses to them. The challenges regarding shipping costs that initially drew our attention to the problem could potentially be addressed in a fairly straightforward way, but there are numerous additional challenging problems that would need to be addressed, and these are more difficult to gauge.
Author: Petr Szczepanik
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030448509
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 303
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Book Description
This is an open access book. Media industry research and EU policymaking are predominantly tailored to large (and, in the latter case, Western) European markets. This open access book addresses the specific qualities of smaller media markets, highlighting their vulnerability to global digital competition and outlining survival strategies for them. New online distribution models and new trends in the consumption of audiovisual content are limited by, and pose new challenges for, existing audiovisual business models and their legal framework in the EU. The European Commission’s Digital Single Market (DSM) strategy, which was intended e.g. to remove obstacles to the cross-border distribution of audiovisual content, has triggered a heated debate on the transformation of the existing ecosystem for European screen industries. While most current discussions focus on the United States, Western Europe, and the multinational giants, this book approaches these industry trends and policy questions from the perspective of relatively small and peripheral (in terms of their population, language, cross-border cultural flows, and financial and/or symbolic capital) media markets.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789279584428
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The European Commission launched an open consultation on geo-blocking and other geographically-based restrictions when shopping and accessing information in the European Union (EU) aiming at gathering views and opinions on the different restrictions faced by users, consumers and businesses when they access or provide information, shop or sell across the borders in the EU. The study analyses a selection of replies provided by the European Commission. 92% of individual consumers and 80% of consumer associations strongly agree that consumers and businesses should be able to purchase and access services everywhere in the EU. Most individual consumers argue that geo-blocking per se, i.e. geo-blocking without a legal obligation, is not justified. Most business associations consider most circumstances mentioned in the questionnaire to justify geo-blocking. The vast majority of individual consumers as well as consumer associations strongly agree to the proposed elements of a policy response. While companies consider more transparency and a blacklist that states reasons that may never justify treating domestic and foreign users differently as most appropriate policy responses, they mostly disagree with the Commission's list of suggested policy responses.
Author: Nicolas Heremans
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Geo-blocking, which basically refers to the practice of preventing customers from accessing websites or content of the website, has become widespread in the European Union. More particularly, the most affected sector by it is the audiovisual sector. Against this background, EU consumers have not been sitting idly by. They have expressed their dissatisfaction with geoblocking by contending that it erects virtual barriers where there should be none. Others have eased their frustrations by falling back on VPNs to circumvent these obstacles. By contrast, the stakeholders of the audiovisual industry - especially European players in the audiovisual market - have intensively lobbied against a geo-blocking ban. Their main argument is that artificially partitioning the Internet landscape through geo-blocking is indispensable to preserve the principle of copyright territoriality upon which their current business model is founded. Elimination of geo-blocking would adversely affect content production and subsequently decrease consumer's welfare. Hence, the redline of this Master's thesis is this war of words on the geo-blocking issue. Put it differently, it investigates how cross-border access to online audiovisual content services could be secured without harming the incentives of the audiovisual industry to produce and distribute content. To answer this question, this research has been conducted as following. Firstly, it outlined the inadequacy of the legal framework prior to the adoption of the 2015 Digital Single Market Strategy to deal with the issue. Indeed, the legal framework does little to nothing to address geo-blocking per se and/or to tackle the underlying reasons for the use of it. Secondly, it observed that the Geo-blocking Regulation which entered into force in 2018 does not alter the status quo since audiovisual services are expressly left outside the scope of it. Lastly, out of the presumption that the traditional copyright-territorialitybased business model of the audiovisual industry will inevitably have to adapt to the new paradigm in the way audiovisual content is consumed and distributed, this Master's thesis answers the research question by advocating for a threefold approach towards the geo-blocking issue. In other words, this contribution defends that an elimination of geo-blocking in the EU (and thus allowing cross-border access to online audiovisual content services) without harming the incentives of the audiovisual industry to produce and distribute content will only be feasible if the European Union adopts an incremental, cross-sectoral and proactive approach.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789284606795
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 65
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Book Description
This Study analyses the Commission’s May 2016 Proposal for a Regulation addressing geo-blocking and other forms of customer discrimination based on customers' nationality, place of residence or place of establishment within the internal market. The study assesses the Commission’s proposal under the Internal Market, Competition law and sector-specific rules and provides for policy recommendations and specific amendments to the proposal. This document was prepared for Policy Department A at the request of the Committee on Internal Market and Consumer Protection.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789279585845
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The European Commission launched an open consultation on geo-blocking and other geographically-based restrictions when shopping and accessing information in the European Union (EU) aiming at gathering views and opinions on the different restrictions faced by users, consumers and businesses when they access or provide information, shop or sell across the borders in the EU. The study analyses a selection of replies provided by the European Commission. 92% of individual consumers and 80% of consumer associations strongly agree that consumers and businesses should be able to purchase and access services everywhere in the EU. Most individual consumers argue that geo-blocking per se, i.e. geo-blocking without a legal obligation, is not justified. Most business associations consider most circumstances mentioned in the questionnaire to justify geo-blocking. The vast majority of individual consumers as well as consumer associations strongly agree to the proposed elements of a policy response. While companies consider more transparency and a blacklist that states reasons that may never justify treating domestic and foreign users differently as most appropriate policy responses, they mostly disagree with the Commission's list of suggested policy responses.
