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Author: M.P. Sambhi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400956789
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 347
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Book Description
The fundamental fault in hypertension is unknown. Calling it a fundamental fault, indeed, tacitly begs the question: Is there one fundamental fault, or are there several that are interlinked or interdependent? A simple yes or no answer cannot be offered. This volume is not designed to survey the up-to-date recent advances in research on hypertension, nor intended to provide provisional an swers to the so many unknowns in this topic. It is, in fact, an attempt to articulate questions that are worth asking, given the license of an unhibited, albeit disci plined, inquiry. The range of expression varies from dogmatic opinion to a declared speculation. Is the primary abnormality an excessive sodium and reduced potassium intake over generations? Or is it hormonal excess, deficiency, imbalance or altered synthesis of abnormal forms? Does the nervous system playa role of active initiation or only of passive maintenance in the genesis of hypertension? Is the heart only a pump acting in concert with the happenings to the vasculature trying to provide adequate flow in the face of vasconstriction induced by neural or humoral factors, or does it sometimes become the culprit by pumping blood flow in excess of demand and thus initiating hypertrophic changes in blood vessels, or by assuming the role of an endocrine organ and being the source of a hormone with influence on cellular transport of sodium and on vasomotor tone? Is an elusive and mysterious fault in the kidney, the primary basis of all of the above
Author: M.P. Sambhi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400956789
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 347
Get Book Here
Book Description
The fundamental fault in hypertension is unknown. Calling it a fundamental fault, indeed, tacitly begs the question: Is there one fundamental fault, or are there several that are interlinked or interdependent? A simple yes or no answer cannot be offered. This volume is not designed to survey the up-to-date recent advances in research on hypertension, nor intended to provide provisional an swers to the so many unknowns in this topic. It is, in fact, an attempt to articulate questions that are worth asking, given the license of an unhibited, albeit disci plined, inquiry. The range of expression varies from dogmatic opinion to a declared speculation. Is the primary abnormality an excessive sodium and reduced potassium intake over generations? Or is it hormonal excess, deficiency, imbalance or altered synthesis of abnormal forms? Does the nervous system playa role of active initiation or only of passive maintenance in the genesis of hypertension? Is the heart only a pump acting in concert with the happenings to the vasculature trying to provide adequate flow in the face of vasconstriction induced by neural or humoral factors, or does it sometimes become the culprit by pumping blood flow in excess of demand and thus initiating hypertrophic changes in blood vessels, or by assuming the role of an endocrine organ and being the source of a hormone with influence on cellular transport of sodium and on vasomotor tone? Is an elusive and mysterious fault in the kidney, the primary basis of all of the above
Author: A. Amery
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400974760
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1002
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Book Description
Hypertension is a major world-wide health problem. With high blood pressure there is a greater risk of stroke, heart attack, heart failure, kidney disease and renal failure. Far too few people realize what the risks are and what can be done to prevent these risks even in the countries where pro grams in hypertension research are active and the full significance of hyper tension is best understood. Some studies of the known hypertensive popu lation indicate that one-half or less are receiving adequate treatment, and, of those on therapy, only half have their high blood pressure satisfactorily controlled. These realizations emphasize the need to inform all segments of society throughout the world on the importance of detection and control of high blood pressure. The great incidence of hypertension makes it of para mount importance that all practicing physicians have available the latest information on diagnosis and treatment of hypertensive cardiovascular dis ease. This treatise on hypertension arrives at a time when there is an increasing recognition the world over of the importance of detecting and treating high blood pressure. The book has been edited by Dr. A. Amery and his asso ciates in the University of Leuven. Professor Amery is one of the leaders in the field of hypertension and serves on the Council of the International Society of Hypertension.
Author: J. H. Laragh
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461258995
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 634
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Book Description
reached full definition in the 1940s by Kempner diet. The important role of adrenal aldosterone and associates in demonstrating the beneficial ef secretion in supporting human hypertension is now fects of a low salt rice diet for treating hypertensive well recognized as are the beneficial effects of patients. It became apparent that the value of rice blockade, especially in low-renin patients who ex was wholly related to its sodium content. A rice hibit inappropriate or absolute excesses of aldoste diet, or any other stringent low sodium diet, rone secretion. Further definition of the more sub greatly improves or completely corrects the hyper tle participation of aldosterone and of the factors tension of about ~ or so of all patients with essen that control aldosterone secretion in hypertensive subjects are promising areas for further research. tial hypertension. However, what is often forgotten is that little or no benefit accrues to the remaining THE NERVOUS SYSTEM majority of patients. Parallel studies of animal models has demon Besides the endocrine and excretory functions of strated the amplifying effect of a high sodium diet the kidney and the influence of dietary sodium on blood pressure and vice versa. Strains of rats and of aldosterone secretion, there has been long were developed which are especially sensitive to standing agreement about the important role of the pressor effects of a high sodium diet. In a way, the nervous system in blood pressure control.
Author: Jerome Liebman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461323231
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 430
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Book Description
The field of electrocardiography is at a cross roads. We have reached an era in cardiovascular about the electrical state of the heart not likely to be available in any other imaging techniques. medicine where it is claimed that "imaging" is king. The innovative and useful ultrasound And, in the body surface potential map, we have an imaging technique that goes beyond struc techniques continue to develop, and, in the wings lie magnetic resonance, position emission, ture-the only other being, perhaps, magnetic resonance, which has the potential for metabolic and, perhaps, other modalities. Consequently, there are those who state that, other than the imaging. Clinical electrocardiography is impor problems related to cardiac rhythm, electro tant not only as a diagnostic tool for it can truly cardiography as a discipline is passe. In addi give insight into the effect of the disease in question on the heart muscle itself. tion, although there is continued superb work in the basic science related to arrhythmias, only Therefore, it seemed now to be appropriate to a handful of scientists are interested in the bring together leaders in the various fields of myocardial source per se. And few scientists are electrocardiography with the only constraint interested in what happens to that myocardial being a concentration on newer concepts and electrical source on its trip from the endo ideas.
Author: Franz H. Messerli
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468499254
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 387
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Book Description
By the time a man gets well into his seventies, his continued existence is a mere miracle. -Robert Louis Stevenson It hardly seems possible that a second edition is needed after the first has been in print for only three years. However, when I reflect on what has happened in geriatric cardiology during that short period, it becomes obvious why. First, cardiologists all over the globe have begun to realize that geriatric cardiology has evolved into a science and a clinical discipline of its own. Although some of us may consider such subspecialization unfortunate, it has become clear that a variety of cardiac disorders present with different symptoms and signs, require a different diagnostic and therapeutic approach, and have a different prognostic outlook in the elderly when compared to middle-aged patients. Since the aging segment of the population has increased dramatically over the past few decades, and continues to do so, specific age-related disorders are more frequently encountered by the practicing physician, be it by the general practitioner, by the internist, or by a cardiologist. Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly provides an up-to-date guide to help the physician deal with these problems, leading the way in what turns out to be an increasingly complex area. Second, I have been heartened by the warm reception of the first edition and by the excellent reviews that it got in the most prestigious medical journals.
Author: Melvin Scheinman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461317657
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
The field of catheter ablation has grown In a rather helter-skelter fashion. Ablative techniques were applied in patients before basic bioelectric and cellular electrophysiologic effects were fully defined. Since the introduction of this technique into clinical medicine in 1982, happily, a wealth of basic information has become available, and it was thought prudent to summarize existing data in the form of a text. The purpose of this text is to provide for a concise summary of both the basic and clinical experiences to date. It was simply not possible to include chapters from many workers who have made outstanding contributions in this area. For this, I offer my profound apolo gies. I do wish, however, to acknowledge the outstanding work of Drs. Bharati and Lev who provided us with a sound understanding of the histolo gic effects of various energy delivery systems. Their seminal observations allowed us to bring this technique to clinical fruition.
Author: J. Morganroth
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461320771
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
About 2. 5 million individuals have congestive heart fai lure in the United States with over 400,000 new cases expected annually. Congestive heart failure also is one of the commonest causes for hospital admissions accounting for over 5 million hospital days per year. Despite the early recognition of this condition and active medical research into both mechanisms and therapy, prognosis continues to remain dismal wi th less than a 50% expected five year survival. In the last decade we have seen many new medical and therapeutic options for patients with congestive heart failure which extend beyond the use of bed rest, sodium restriction, digitalis and diuretics. These include vasodilators of a variety of types including the angiotensin conventional enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Also, many new inotropes are under active investigation both in oral and intravenous forms. In March of 1984 a survey of over 5000 physicians was performed under the auspices of the American Heart Association (reported in: JAOC 8:966, 1986). That survey showed that there was no universally accepted defini tion for congestive heart fai lure and that a wide spectrum of diagnostic cri teria for this common condi tion existed even among academic cardiologists. There was no clear standard as to even the mos t bas ic treatment of conges t i ve heart fai lure. For example, exercise restriction was recommended by 19% of physicians, 31% recommended no change in activity, and 50% either light exercise or an exercise conditioning program.
Author: R. E. Beamish
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461320577
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 387
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Book Description
The importance of heart and artery disease as a cause of death and disability is difficult to exaggerate: it causes over half of all deaths in the western world and now accounts for one-quarter of deaths in the entire world. This appalling incidence persists in spite of commendable progress in treatment and prevention, particularly in the last two or three decades. Deaths from coronary disease have decreased by a third in the past twenty years and stroke has decreased by a half in the same period. This remarkable improvement, saving thousands of lives per year, has come about due to changes in life style (low fat diet, control of high blood pressure, less smoking and more exercise) and progress in treatment (more effective drugs, coronary care units, pacemakers, and cardiac surgery). Progress in understanding the pathophysiologic and pharn,acologic mechanisms operative in heart disease have been paramount in the development of more rational and more effective therapy. Dramatic and spectacular surgical treatments have fired the public imagination. Bypass surgery is commonplace and results in complete or considerable relief of symptoms in the majority of patients operated upon.
Author: Cees Visser
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461317673
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Book Description
Some 25 years ago, the coronary care unit concentrated high technology and the acutely ill patients who might benefit from it in a single, recognizable space. Since then, that space and its technical equipment have changed, as has part of its population. Acute ischemia, silent and manifest, occurs within and outside of the coronary care unit as pain, arrhythmia, or pump failure. Its detection and treatment require the utilization of many diagnostic techniques and skills, not the least of which is two-dimensional Doppler echocardio graphy, which is gaining importance. Future developments, in tandem with computer technology, may add to this importance by enabling tissue identification, spatial representation, and Doppler flow mapping. This book describes the state of the art for the practicing clinician using Doppler echocardi?graphy at the bedside of patients with acute ischemic manifestations of coronary heart disease. The first requirement is to move from the echo laboratory to the coronary care unit, emergency department, operating room, or catheterization laboratory, using equipment suited for that purpose. The second, more trying imperative is to secure good cooper Ition between those treating the acutely ill patient and the investigator who interferes with his probes. If successful ceeding in both, rewarding results can be obtained, since echocardiography is a very sensitive and specific tool for recognizing and quantifying early ischemia.
Author: Naranjan S. Dhalla
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461320518
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 375
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Book Description
It is indeed ironical that in the absence of a complete knowledge of Pathophysiology, clinical cardiologists are left with no choice but to do the best they can to help the patient with the armamentarium of drugs at their disposal. But nothing could be further from truth than to treat the diagnosed end point of a disease process without a full understanding of its patho physiology. This point was eloquently made by Dr. Arnold Katz in his Presidential Address (Chapter 1) at the 8th Annual Meeting of the American Section of the International Society for Heart Research held in Winnipeg, Canada, July 8-11, 1986. This volume represents a part of the scientific proceedings of this Meeting. From a reading of this treatise it will become evident that discoveries of newer scientific facts as well as a better understanding of pathophysiology are continuously influencing/ improving our therapeutic approaches in modern medicine. In this book, latest biochemical, physiological and pharmacological findings on different experimental models such as Myocaridal hypertrophy, Hypertension and heart failure, Diabetes, Cardio myopathies and Cardiac function in shock are described by internationally recognised experts. Hopefully information presented here will provide another building block to the edifice of Science of Cardiology which we all are trying to create. Acknowledgements We are grateful to the following Agencies and Foundations for their generous financial support of the Symposium, which formed the basis of this book. A. Major Contributors: 1. Manitoba Heart Foundation 2. Sterling-Winthrop Research Institute 3. Squibb Canada, Inc.
