Fresnel-focusing and Bessel-beam Integrated Optical Phased Arrays for Optical Trapping Applications PDF Download
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Author: Jelena Notaros
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
Optical trapping and tweezing - the manipulation of particles using optical forces - enables direct interaction with biological samples and non-invasive monitoring of their properties. As such, optical trapping has become a common tool in biology with applications ranging from better understanding of DNA mechanics to non-invasive manipulation of red blood cells in vivo. While optical trapping using bulk optics is a well established technique, recent work has turned towards chip-based optical trapping using integrated devices. However, many of these integrated systems are fundamentally limited to passive demonstrations within microns of the chip surface. Integrated optical phased arrays, which manipulate and dynamically steer light, provide one possible approach to scaling and arbitrary tweezing of optical traps. However, current on-chip optical phased array demonstrations have focused on systems which form and steer beams or project arbitrary radiation patterns in the far field. In this thesis, Fresnel-lens-inspired focusing integrated optical phased arrays are demonstrated for the first time and proposed as a method for chip-based optical trapping. These systems focus radiated light to tightly-confined spots in the near field above the chip to enable applications in wide-angle trapping at millimeter scales. Furthermore, integrated optical phased arrays are proposed and demonstrated for the first time as a method for generating quasi-Bessel beams in a fully-integrated, compact-form-factor system. Through generation of quasi-Bessel beams with elongated properties, these devices have potential for applications in multi-particle, multi-plane optical trapping. To enable these phased array systems, a suite of integrated nanophotonic architectures and devices for waveguiding, coupling, routing, phase control, and radiation are developed, simulated, fabricated, and tested and a CMOS-compatible foundry platform is leveraged for natural scaling to active demonstrations.
Author: Jelena Notaros
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
Optical trapping and tweezing - the manipulation of particles using optical forces - enables direct interaction with biological samples and non-invasive monitoring of their properties. As such, optical trapping has become a common tool in biology with applications ranging from better understanding of DNA mechanics to non-invasive manipulation of red blood cells in vivo. While optical trapping using bulk optics is a well established technique, recent work has turned towards chip-based optical trapping using integrated devices. However, many of these integrated systems are fundamentally limited to passive demonstrations within microns of the chip surface. Integrated optical phased arrays, which manipulate and dynamically steer light, provide one possible approach to scaling and arbitrary tweezing of optical traps. However, current on-chip optical phased array demonstrations have focused on systems which form and steer beams or project arbitrary radiation patterns in the far field. In this thesis, Fresnel-lens-inspired focusing integrated optical phased arrays are demonstrated for the first time and proposed as a method for chip-based optical trapping. These systems focus radiated light to tightly-confined spots in the near field above the chip to enable applications in wide-angle trapping at millimeter scales. Furthermore, integrated optical phased arrays are proposed and demonstrated for the first time as a method for generating quasi-Bessel beams in a fully-integrated, compact-form-factor system. Through generation of quasi-Bessel beams with elongated properties, these devices have potential for applications in multi-particle, multi-plane optical trapping. To enable these phased array systems, a suite of integrated nanophotonic architectures and devices for waveguiding, coupling, routing, phase control, and radiation are developed, simulated, fabricated, and tested and a CMOS-compatible foundry platform is leveraged for natural scaling to active demonstrations.
Author: Andrea Kroner
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736936273
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Book Description
Optical trapping and manipulation by laser beams offers the unique possibility to handle single micrometer-sized particles such as living cells without any mechanical contact, damage or contamination. A second hot topic in biology is microfluidics, where the examination of biological samples in channel structures with widths below 100 µm reduces the used sample volume significantly. While the combination of both techniques results in attractive lab-on-a-chip structures for particle sorting and analysis, the commonly bulky trapping setup is contradictory to the miniaturized concept. Here, the use of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) as light sources in optical trapping systems allows a strong reduction of the setup complexity owing to the small dimensions, low cost and high beam quality of these devices. This thesis gives a detailed study on optical manipulation systems based on vertically emitting laser diodes. A standard optical tweezers setup as well as a novel, miniaturized system, the so-called integrated optical trap are investigated. The latter aims for particle separation and sorting in microfluidics resulting in low-cost, portable modules. A classical optical tweezers system based on a high numerical aperture objective in combination with a VCSEL light source is investigated. Standard multi-mode as well as single-mode surface relief VCSELs are used as laser source. With both kinds of VCSELs, optical trapping of polystyrene particles of sizes ranging from 4 to 15µm is demonstrated with some milliwatts of optical power at the sample stage. A maximum trapping force of 4.4 pN for 15 µm particles is achieved with the multi-mode laser, proving the suitability of multi-mode lasers for optical manipulation despite their inferior beam profile. By using two-dimensional VCSEL arrays instead of solitary lasers, the system is extended to a multiple optical tweezers setup in a straightforward manner. To avoid any additional optics, densely packed VCSEL arrangements with a device spacing of less than 25 µm are used, where a novel fabrication process allows the seamless integration of the inverted surface relief technique for enhanced beam quality. By electrical switching between individual devices of the array, non-mechanical particle translation with velocities of up to 12 µm/s is achieved. With a tilted linear VCSEL array, an optical lattice is generated in the optical tweezers setup, and continuous deflection of particles is realized. By substituting the sample stage in the optical tweezers setup with a microfluidic chip fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), particle redirection at a channel junction is realized using a solitary VCSEL source as well as a tilted linear VCSEL array. For the latter, the particles are deflected when passing the optical lattice, thus, the position of the lasers is fixed and no moving parts are necessary, which further reduces the setup complexity. To achieve a drastic miniaturization of the trapping setup, namely the integrated optical trap, the laser source is placed directly underneath the sample chamber. A weakly focused laser beam is generated in the particle solution by integrating an additional microlens on the VCSEL output facet. To determine appropriate lens geometries, the beam propagation inside the integrated trap structure is calculated and the thermal reflow process for lens fabrication is studied in detail concerning lens diameter, reflow temperature and substrate material. By combining the microlens with the inverted relief technique, the quality of the focused beam is strongly improved with respect to divergence, transverse beam profile and beam diameter, where a minimum of 7 µm is measured at the focal point. With first solitary integrated optical traps, deflection, levitation and transverse trapping of 10 µm polystyrene particles is demonstrated for optical powers of 5mW. In a next step, integrated optical trap arrays are realized based on closely spaced twodimensional arrangements of lensed relief VCSELs. To transfer the continuous deflection scheme demonstrated in the classical tweezers setup to the integrated trap, linear arrays of parallel working VCSELs are investigated. To support the design of the multiple integrated trap structure, a simulation of the optical deflection process is performed. Here, a dependence on the geometric and material properties of the particles is predicted, so applications in microfluidic particle sorting are intended. Compact and portable modules are obtained by integrating the laser chip with the microfluidic chip using flip-chip bonding. Although the finished modules show strong heating of the VCSEL chip resulting in a significant reduction of the device performance, simultaneous trapping as well as continuous particle deflection was successfully demonstrated with a total optical power of just 5mW. The results presented in this work demonstrate the potential of VCSELs as laser sources for optical trapping and microparticle manipulation. In conventional optical tweezers setups, the use of VCSELs reduces the setup complexity significantly, while first prototypes of ultra-compact integrated optical traps based on VCSELs confirm the feasibility of portable and inexpensive microfluidic sorting systems.
Author: Philip H. Jones
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107051169
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 565
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Book Description
A comprehensive guide to the theory, practice and applications of optical tweezers, combining state-of-the-art research with a strong pedagogic approach.
Author: David L. Andrews
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080559662
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 373
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Book Description
New possibilities have recently emerged for producing optical beams with complex and intricate structures, and for the non-contact optical manipulation of matter. Structured Light and Its Applications fully describes the electromagnetic theory, optical properties, methods and applications associated with this new technology. Detailed discussions are given of unique beam characteristics, such as optical vortices and other wavefront structures, the associated phase properties and photonic aspects, along with applications ranging from cold atom manipulation to optically driven micromachines. Features include: Comprehensive and authoritative treatments of the latest research in this area of nanophotonics, written by the leading researchers Accounts of numerous microfluidics, nanofabrication, quantum informatics and optical manipulation applications Coverage that fully spans the subject area, from fundamental theory and simulations to experimental methods and results Graduate students and established researchers in academia, national laboratories and industry will find this book an invaluable guide to the latest technologies in this rapidly developing field. Comprehensive and definitive source of the latest research in nanotechnology written by the leading people in the field From theory to applications - all is presented in detail Editor is Chair of the SPIE Nanotechnology Technical Group and is leading the way in generation and manipulation of complex beams
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Optics
Languages : en
Pages : 760
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Imaging systems
Languages : en
Pages : 636
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Book Description
Author: Ralf Leutz
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540452907
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 279
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Book Description
A detailed and comprehensive account of the engineering of the world’s first nonimaging Fresnel lens solar concentrator. The book closes a gap in solar concentrator design, and describes nonimaging refractive optics and its numerical mathematics. The book shows the reader how to find his or her own optical solution using the rules and methodologies covering the design and the assessment of the nonimaging lens.
Author: Zhi Hao Jiang
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119662826
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 498
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Book Description
Discover the most recent advances in electromagnetic vortices In Electromagnetic Vortices: Wave Phenomena and Engineering Applications, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a cutting-edge treatment of electromagnetic vortex waves, including their theoretical foundation, related wave properties, and several potentially transformative applications. The book is divided into three parts. The editors first include resources that describe the generation, sorting, and manipulation of vortex waves, as well as descriptions of interesting wave behavior in the infrared and optical regimes with custom-designed nanostructures. They then discuss the generation, multiplexing, and propagation of vortex waves at the microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies. Finally, the selected contributions discuss several representative practical applications of vortex waves from a system perspective. With coverage that incorporates demonstration examples from a wide range of related sub-areas, this essential edited volume also offers: Thorough introductions to the generation of optical vortex beams and transformation optical vortex wave synthesizers Comprehensive explorations of millimeter-wave metasurfaces for high-capacity and broadband generation of vector vortex beams, as well as orbital angular momentum (OAM) detection and its observation in second harmonic generations Practical discussions of microwave SPP circuits and coding metasurfaces for vortex beam generation and OAM-based structured radio beams and their applications In-depth examinations and explorations of OAM multiplexing for wireless communications, wireless power transmission, as well as quantum communications and simulations Perfect for students of wireless communications, antenna/RF design, optical communications, and nanophotonics, Electromagnetic Vortices: Wave Phenomena and Engineering Applications is also an indispensable resource for researchers in academia, at large defense contractors, and in government labs.
Author: Artem Boriskin
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319627732
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 494
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Book Description
This book presents the technology of millimetre waves and Terahertz (THz) antennas. It highlights the importance of moderate and high-gain aperture antennas as key devices for establishing point-to-point and point-to-multipoint radio links for far-field and near-field applications, such as high data-rate communications, intelligent transport, security imaging, exploration and surveillance systems. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the key antenna technologies developed for the mm wave and THz domains, including established ones – such as integrated lens antennas, advanced 2D and 3D horn antennas, transmit and reflect arrays, and Fabry-Perot antennas – as well as emerging metasurface antennas for near-field and far-field applications. It describes the pros and cons of each antenna technology in comparison with other available solutions, a discussion supplemented by practical examples illustrating the step-by-step implementation procedures for each antenna type. The measurement techniques available at these frequency ranges are also presented to close the loop of the antenna development cycle. In closing, the book outlines future trends in various antenna technologies, paving the way for further developments. Presenting content originating from the five-year ESF research networking program ‘Newfocus’ and co-authored by the most active and highly cited research groups in the domain of mm- and sub-mm-wave antenna technologies, the book offers a valuable guide for researchers and engineers in both industry and academia.
Author: Fred M. Dickey
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466561017
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 589
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Book Description
Laser Beam Shaping: Theory and Techniques addresses the theory and practice of every important technique for lossless beam shaping. Complete with experimental results as well as guidance on when beam shaping is practical and when each technique is appropriate, the Second Edition is updated to reflect significant developments in the field. This authoritative text: Features new chapters on axicon light ring generation systems, laser-beam-splitting (fan-out) gratings, vortex beams, and microlens diffusers Describes the latest advances in beam profile measurement technology and laser beam shaping using diffractive diffusers Contains new material on wavelength dependence, channel integrators, geometrical optics, and optical software Laser Beam Shaping: Theory and Techniques, Second Edition not only provides a working understanding of the fundamentals, but also offers insight into the potential application of laser-beam-profile shaping in laser system design.
