Fiber Quality Improvement of Upland Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum, L.) from Targeted Interspecific Sources Using Introgression Lines and Exotic Upland Germplasm with the Aid of Marker-assisted Introgression PDF Download
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Author: Ismael Nino Brown
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Book Description
An apparent stagnation of fiber quality improvement in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is likely due to a limited priority by breeders to improve fiber quality, exacerbated by limited genetic diversity for fiber quality within G. hirsutum. Increasing competition from man-made fibers such as polyester has put additional impetus for improvement of cotton fiber quality. Extensive genetic resources exist, however, from which valuable alleles for fiber quality can be mined. In addition to divergent, unadapted, or even wild G. hirsutum, valuable QTLs have been identified in other related species within the Gossypium genus. These interspecific sources of fiber quality represent an underutilized resource within the available gene pool of G. hirsutum. While numerous QTL have been mapped and identified in interspecific populations or introgression lines, few have been verified or have progressed to the point of introgression into adapted material. This dissertation seeks to address some of these topics by examining QTL identified from interspecific sources, their interaction with elite, divergent genetic backgrounds, their genotype by environment interactions, and their application in cotton improvement.
Author: Ismael Nino Brown
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Book Description
An apparent stagnation of fiber quality improvement in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is likely due to a limited priority by breeders to improve fiber quality, exacerbated by limited genetic diversity for fiber quality within G. hirsutum. Increasing competition from man-made fibers such as polyester has put additional impetus for improvement of cotton fiber quality. Extensive genetic resources exist, however, from which valuable alleles for fiber quality can be mined. In addition to divergent, unadapted, or even wild G. hirsutum, valuable QTLs have been identified in other related species within the Gossypium genus. These interspecific sources of fiber quality represent an underutilized resource within the available gene pool of G. hirsutum. While numerous QTL have been mapped and identified in interspecific populations or introgression lines, few have been verified or have progressed to the point of introgression into adapted material. This dissertation seeks to address some of these topics by examining QTL identified from interspecific sources, their interaction with elite, divergent genetic backgrounds, their genotype by environment interactions, and their application in cotton improvement.
Author: Thomas Wade Culp
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cotton
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Book Description
Author: Benjamin Beyer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Desired base upper half mean length (UHML) of upland cotton (G. hirsutum) in the U.S. has been set a 27.0 mm and is shorter than the standard set by the international community. Upland cotton genotypes from China, South Africa, West Africa, and the U.S. were test crossed to an extra long staple upland (ELSU) and a short staple upland (SSU) and selected genotypes that included both ELSU and MSU phenotypes were crossed in a half-diallel mating scheme to estimate general combing ability (GCA) effects and specific combining ability (SCA) effects. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was established to determine the narrow sense heritability (h^2) of AFIS short fiber content by weight (SFCw) and lower half mean length (LHML) and to estimate SFCw using HVI fiber properties. Obsolete cultivars from China are not likely sources for UHML improvement, cultivars from Africa and the U.S. could harbor alleles not being used in current elite short staple cultivars or modern ELSU cultivars. Two ELSU lines used in this study derived through interspecific hybridization with G. barbadense could contain alleles for UHML improvement in modern ELSU cultivars developed without any apparent G. barbadense introgression. A third line D & PL 45-867, might contain alleles for UHML improvement in long staple upland cotton genotypes. Narrow sense heritability estimates indicated a much higher heritability of LHML than AFIS SFCw. Correlation between AFIS SFCw and LHML did not agree with previous studies when using an ELSU X MSU cross. Further study is needed to understand this complex relationship.
Author: Rosa Noemi Jauregui
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Food security is one of the most important challenges that society will continue to face in a world with a rapidly expanding population coupled with a growing affluence. Cottonseed is an underutilized source of protein and oil which could play a key role in human and non-ruminant animal nutrition if the toxic polyphenol gossypol contained in lysigenous glands throughout the plant could be removed from the seed. Gossypol is a terpenoid that protects cotton plants against insects and pests and if removed from the vegetative portion of the plant, the plant becomes highly susceptible to attacks. Scientists at Texas A&M University used RNAi technology to develop transgenic cotton plants, which have normal gossypol levels in vegetation but ultra-low levels in seed. The main objective of this study was to assess the traits function in multiple genetic backgrounds. Transgenic lines were field tested in 2011 and 2012 near College Station, TX. Performance parameters such as yield, lint percent and crop maturity were measured as well HVI fiber properties. Also, recurrent parents were tested in a three-year field trial and several methods for screening for the ultra-low gossypol cottonseed (ULGCS) trait were evaluated. Results from these studies suggest the ULGCS trait can be backcrossed into diverse upland cotton lines without interfering with the inherent performance of the recurrent parent. Moreover, during the backcross process, selections can be made to improve fiber quality and abiotic stress tolerance. Availability of a food product such as cottonseed can have numerous positive effects on local economies where cotton is grown and in the lives of millions of people who cannot fulfill one of the most important and basic rights of humanity: access to food. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155268
Author: Andrew H. Paterson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387708103
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 515
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Book Description
The Gossypium (cotton) genus presents novel opportunities to advance our understanding of the natural world and its organic evolution. In this book, advances of the past decade are summarized and synthesized to elucidate the current state of knowledge of the structure, function, and evolution of the Gossypium genome, and progress in the application of this knowledge to cotton improvement. This book provides the first comprehensive reference on cotton genomics.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cotton
Languages : en
Pages : 13
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Author: B.S. Hawkins
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Author: Kenneth Warren Tipton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cotton
Languages : en
Pages : 109
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Author: Barney Stewart Hawkins
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cotton
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Author: Paul Irwin Ragsdale
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
A diallel analysis of eight upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes was conducted in the field over two years to determine the potential for improvement in within-boll seed yield components and fiber quality parameters. Four exotic germplasm lines from the converted race stock (CRS) collection and four commercial types representing Texas, mid-South, and Eastern production regions were crossed and evaluated in a diallel with parents but without reciprocals according to Griffing's Model I, Method 2. Significant variation for genotypic, general combining ability (GCA) effects, and specific combining ability (SCA) effects (P
