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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Highway capacity
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Highway capacity
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
Author: Dulcy M. Abraham
Publisher: Purdue University Press
ISBN: 9781622601226
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
The increased demand on the current highway system has caused transportation agencies to increase scheduling for nighttime work in order to alleviate daytime work zone congestion, especially during peak traffic hours. Although traffic congestion is reduced, safety in nighttime workzones remains a concern among both transportation agencies and contractors. According to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), approximately one-half of the fatalities that occurred in workzones nationwide occurred at night. These work zone statistics have received increased attention among agencies to evaluate planning and safety issues concerning the workers and the general public on nighttime workzones. Four separate, but interrelated research studies were conducted between September 2005 - May 2007 to address safety issues in nighttime construction and maintenance projects on highways in Indiana. The first study investigated owner and contractor safety management planning for nighttime construction and maintenance operations, while the second study investigated traffic control planning and implementation procedures for nighttime construction and maintenance operations. The third study investigated the effectiveness of speed control measures on nighttime construction and maintenance projects and the fourth study evaluated the effectiveness of high-visibility personal protective equipment practices.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Road work zones
Languages : en
Pages : 188
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Book Description
Author: James E. Bryden
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pavements
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
Author: Syed Muhammad Zaier Abbas Zaidi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Intelligent transportation systems
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
In recent years, there has been a considerable increase in the amount of construction work on the U.S. national highways. Most of the work undertaken is the reconstruction and rehabilitation of the existing transportation networks. Work zones in the United States are likely to increase in number, duration and length due to emphasis on repair and highway reconstruction as a significant portion of all federal-aid highway funds are now geared toward highway rehabilitation. The challenge of mobility is particularly acute in work zone areas as road repair and construction intensifies traffic issues and concentrates them in specific locations and at specific times. Due to the capacity drop, which is the result of lane closure in work zone area, congestion will occur with a high traffic demand. The congestion increases number and severity of traffic conflicts which raise the potential for accidents; furthermore traffic operational properties of roadway in work zone area become worse. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) technologies have been developed and are being deployed to improve the safety and mobility of traffic in and around work zones. In several states in the US, the use of Dynamic Merge Controls also known as Dynamic Lane Merge (DLM) system has been initiated to enhance traffic safety and to improve traffic flow in work zone areas. The DLM usually takes two forms; dynamic early merge and dynamic late merge. The use of variable speed limit (VSL) systems at work zones is also one of those measures. VSL systems improve safety by helping the driver in determining the maximum speed that drivers should travel. Besides adding improvement to safety, they are also expected to improve mobility at the work zones. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the safety and operational effectiveness of the dynamic merge systems i.e. the dynamic early lane merge and dynamic late lane merge, in the presence of VSL system. More specifically, the VISSIM model is utilized to simulate a two-to-one lane configuration when one out of the two lanes in the work zone is closed for traffic. Six different scenarios were adopted to assess the effectiveness of these scenarios under different traffic demand volumes and different drivers' compliance rates to the messages displayed by the systems. These scenarios are; [bullet] Work Zone without VSL and without SDLMS or the current Motorist Awareness System (MAS) [bullet] Work Zone with VSL and without SDLMS [bullet] Work Zone with VSL and Early SDLMS [bullet] Work Zone with VSL and Late SDLMS [bullet] Work Zone with early SDLMS and without VSL [bullet] Work Zone with early SDLMS and without VSL An already calibrated and validated VISSIM model for Simplified Dynamic Lane Merge System (SDLMS) in accordance with the real life work zone was modified with a VSL through Vehicle Actuated Programming (VAP) code. Three different logics were coded each for VSL alone, early SDLMS+VSL and late SDLMS+VSL. All these logics were fine tuned with several test runs before finalizing it for the final simulation. It is found through the simulation of above mentioned scenarios that for low and medium volume levels (V0500, V1000 and V1500), there is no significant difference between the Maintenance of Traffic (MOT) plans for mean throughputs. However, for higher volume levels (V2000 and V2500), late SDLMS with and without VSL produced higher mean throughputs for all compliance rates and truck percentages except when the demand volume was 2,500 vph and compliance of 60%, where it produces the significantly lower mean throughputs. In terms of travel time through the work zone, results indicated that there is no significant difference between MOT types for demand levels of V0500 and V1000 when compliance is 40% or less but for compliance of 60% and more, only demand volume level that is not significantly different from other MOT types is V0500. This study revealed that VSL increases travel time through the work zone. This might be due to non-compliant vehicles that follow the compliant vehicle ahead unless they find a sufficient gap in adjacent lane to pass the compliant vehicle. It is also found out that VSL makes the system safer at higher volumes (2,000 vph and 2,500 vph). This was observed through safety surrogate measures selected for this study. Another outcome of this study is that the addition of VSL to the dynamic merge systems helps in improving the overall safety of the system by lowering speed variances and deceleration means of the vehicles travelling through the work zone. The passage of traffic through the work zone is made safer when a speed control is integrated to a dynamic merge system. It can be inferred from the simulation results that integrated SDLMS and VSL systems have better performance in terms of traffic mobility and safety than existing individual controls and also show that the integrated SDLMS and VSL system has more potential than each individual systems.
Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428962298
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
Author: Ken Skorseth
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gravel roads
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
The purpose of this manual is to provide clear and helpful information for maintaining gravel roads. Very little technical help is available to small agencies that are responsible for managing these roads. Gravel road maintenance has traditionally been "more of an art than a science" and very few formal standards exist. This manual contains guidelines to help answer the questions that arise concerning gravel road maintenance such as: What is enough surface crown? What is too much? What causes corrugation? The information is as nontechnical as possible without sacrificing clear guidelines and instructions on how to do the job right.
Author: Jack Bishop Humphreys
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Roads
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
The report presents a prioritized listing of twenty problem statements relating to traffic safety in construction, maintenance and utility work zones. These problem statements were developed from (1) data collected during 103 site visits, (2) an analysis of 30 construction zones before and during accident case studies, (3) a literature review, and (4) personal experiences of an interdisciplinary, six-person professional staff. Results indicate that approximately two-thirds of the work zone safety problems could be ameliorated if current standards and/or knowledge were properly applied. Results also include data relative to traffic control device use, traffic operation, and accident location in work zones.
Author: Jack Bishop Humphreys
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Roads
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
The report presents a prioritized listing of twenty problem statements relating to traffic safety in construction, maintenance and utility work zones. These problem statements were developed from (1) data collected during 103 site visits, (2) an analysis of 30 construction zones before and during accident case studies, (3) a literature review, and (4) personal experiences of an interdisciplinary, six-person professional staff. Results indicate that approximately two-thirds of the work zone safety problems could be ameliorated if current standards and/or knowledge were properly applied. Results also include data relative to traffic control device use, traffic operation, and accident location in work zones.
Author: U.s. Department of Transportation
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781508569206
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 294
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Book Description
This Work Zone Best Practices Guidebook provides an easily accessible compilation of work zone operations practices used and recommended by various States and localities around the country. The Guidebook is a reference document that can be updated with new approaches, technologies, and practices for effectively managing work zones and reducing the impacts of work zones on mobility and safety as they are identified. The best practices are descriptive, not prescriptive. They describe approaches that have been successfully used by transportation agencies, along with contact information to find out more from the agency using the practice. Each organization must determine which of these practices are best suited for its particular situation, considering all the site-specific factors that affect work zone operations.
