Evaluating the Effectiveness of Screening Mammography in Women from Older and Disadvantaged Populations PDF Download
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Author: Whitney M. Randolph
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between prior screening mammography use and cancer stage/tumor size at diagnosis for women aged 67 and older diagnosed with primary breast cancer in 1994, 1995 or 1996 and having a linked SEER- Medicare record. of interest was the effectiveness of screening mammography in women aged 75 and older compared to women aged 67-74, and the effectiveness of screening mammography in non-Hispanic whites compared to African Americans and Hispanics. Women 75 and older were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with non-local disease (stage IIA or higher) and have larger tumors than women 67 to 74 years of age. However among regular users of mammography, both women 65-74 years old and 75 years and older were diagnosed with the same size tumor and same percent non-local stage tumors. These results were similar after adjusting for sociodemographic and comorbidity information. African American and Hispanic women were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with non-local stage disease and larger tumors than white women. However when women were regular users of mammography the difference was not significant. Regular use of screening mammography eliminates differences in tumor size and stage of cancer at diagnosis observed in older women and minority groups.
Author: Whitney M. Randolph
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between prior screening mammography use and cancer stage/tumor size at diagnosis for women aged 67 and older diagnosed with primary breast cancer in 1994, 1995 or 1996 and having a linked SEER- Medicare record. of interest was the effectiveness of screening mammography in women aged 75 and older compared to women aged 67-74, and the effectiveness of screening mammography in non-Hispanic whites compared to African Americans and Hispanics. Women 75 and older were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with non-local disease (stage IIA or higher) and have larger tumors than women 67 to 74 years of age. However among regular users of mammography, both women 65-74 years old and 75 years and older were diagnosed with the same size tumor and same percent non-local stage tumors. These results were similar after adjusting for sociodemographic and comorbidity information. African American and Hispanic women were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with non-local stage disease and larger tumors than white women. However when women were regular users of mammography the difference was not significant. Regular use of screening mammography eliminates differences in tumor size and stage of cancer at diagnosis observed in older women and minority groups.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309170133
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 564
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Book Description
Cancer ranks second only to heart disease as a leading cause of death in the United States, making it a tremendous burden in years of life lost, patient suffering, and economic costs. Fulfilling the Potential for Cancer Prevention and Early Detection reviews the proof that we can dramatically reduce cancer rates. The National Cancer Policy Board, part of the Institute of Medicine, outlines a national strategy to realize the promise of cancer prevention and early detection, including specific and wide-ranging recommendations. Offering a wealth of information and directly addressing major controversies, the book includes: A detailed look at how significantly cancer could be reduced through lifestyle changes, evaluating approaches used to alter eating, smoking, and exercise habits. An analysis of the intuitive notion that screening for cancer leads to improved health outcomes, including a discussion of screening methods, potential risks, and current recommendations. An examination of cancer prevention and control opportunities in primary health care delivery settings, including a review of interventions aimed at improving provider performance. Reviews of professional education and training programs, research trends and opportunities, and federal programs that support cancer prevention and early detection. This in-depth volume will be of interest to policy analysts, cancer and public health specialists, health care administrators and providers, researchers, insurers, medical journalists, and patient advocates.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Breast
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
Author: Etta D. Pisano
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN: 0781741424
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Book Description
Bogen er en grundlæggende lærebog om digital mammografi, hvori digital mammografi og traditionel mammografi også sammenlignes i forhold til screening, diagnoser og radiografisk billedteknik. Der er en komplet billedsamling af cases indenfor digital mammografi.
Author: Jonathan D. Mahnken
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Breast
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Of the large clinical trials evaluating screening mammography efficacy, none included women ages 75 and older. Recommendations on an upper age limit at which to discontinue screening are based on indirect evidence and are not consistent. Screening mammography is evaluated using observational data from the SEER-Medicare linked database. Measuring the benefit of screening mammography is difficult due to the impact of lead-time bias, length bias and over-detection. The underlying conceptual model divides the disease into two stages: pre-clinical (T0) and symptomatic (T1) breast cancer. Treating the time in these phases as a pair of dependent bivariate observations, (t0,t1), estimates are derived to describe the distribution of this random vector. To quantify the effect of screening mammography, statistical inference is made about the mammography parameters that correspond to the marginal distribution of the symptomatic phase duration (T1). This shows the hazard ratio of death from breast cancer comparing women with screen-detected tumors to those detected at their symptom onset is 0.36 (0.30, 0.42), indicating a benefit among the screen-detected cases.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309165113
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
Mammography is an important tool for detecting breast cancer at an early stage. When coupled with appropriate treatment, early detection can reduce breast cancer mortality. At the request of Congress, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) commissioned a study to examine the current practice of mammography and breast cancer detection, with a focus on the FDA's oversight via the Mammography Quality Standards Act (MQSA), to identify areas in need of improvement. Enacted in 1993, MQSA provides a general framework for ensuring national quality standards in facilities performing screening mammography, requires that each mammography facility be accredited and certified, and mandates that facilities will undergo annual inspections. This book recommends strategies for achieving continued progress in assuring mammography quality, including changes to MQSA regulation, as well as approaches that do not fall within the purview of MQSA. Specifically, this book provides recommendations aimed at improving mammography interpretation; revising MQSA regulations, inspections, and enforcement; ensuring an adequate workforce for breast cancer screening and diagnosis; and improving breast imaging quality beyond mammography.
Author: Marc Lobbes
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 303011063X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
This book is a comprehensive guide to contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM), a novel advanced mammography technique using dual-energy mammography in combination with intravenous contrast administration in order to increase the diagnostic performance of digital mammography. Readers will find helpful information on the principles of CEM and indications for the technique. Detailed attention is devoted to image interpretation, with presentation of case examples and highlighting of pitfalls and artifacts. Other topics to be addressed include the establishment of a CEM program, the comparative merits of CEM and MRI, and the roles of CEM in screening populations and monitoring of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CEM became commercially available in 2011 and is increasingly being used in clinical practice owing to its superiority over full-field digital mammography. This book will be an ideal source of knowledge and guidance for all who wish to start using the technique or to learn more about it.
Author: Imogen Evans
Publisher: Pinter & Martin Publishers
ISBN: 1905177488
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 187
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Book Description
This work provides a thought-provoking account of how medical treatments can be tested with unbiased or 'fair' trials and explains how patients can work with doctors to achieve this vital goal. It spans the gamut of therapy from mastectomy to thalidomide and explores a vast range of case studies.
Author: Ronnie Ann Rosenthal
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441969993
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1364
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Book Description
"In the preface to this impressive and well-produced book, the editors state that their aim is not to describe a new surgical specialty, since most surgeons will soon need to be "geriatric surgeons," but to assemble a comprehensive account that will allow "all providers of healthcare to the elderly to understand the issues involved in choosing surgery as a treatment option for their patients." This is a useful book that deserves to do well. I hope that the editors and their publisher will have the stamina to make this the first of several editions, as it is clear that updated information about surgery in the elderly will be required to keep pace with this important field." NEJM Book Review
Author: Ulrich Bick
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540784500
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 222
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Book Description
Digital Radiography has been ? rmly established in diagnostic radiology during the last decade. Because of the special requirements of high contrast and spatial resolution needed for roentgen mammography, it took some more time to develop digital m- mography as a routine radiological tool. Recent technological progress in detector and screen design as well as increased ex- rience with computer applications for image processing have now enabled Digital Mammography to become a mature modality that opens new perspectives for the diag- sis of breast diseases. The editors of this timely new volume Prof. Dr. U. Bick and Dr. F. Diekmann, both well-known international leaders in breast imaging, have for many years been very active in the frontiers of theoretical and translational clinical research, needed to bring digital mammography ? nally into the sphere of daily clinical radiology. I am very much indebted to the editors as well as to the other internationally rec- nized experts in the ? eld for their outstanding state of the art contributions to this v- ume. It is indeed an excellent handbook that covers in depth all aspects of Digital Mammography and thus further enriches our book series Medical Radiology. The highly informative text as well as the numerous well-chosen superb illustrations will enable certi? ed radiologists as well as radiologists in training to deepen their knowledge in modern breast imaging.
