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Author: Rucker Charles Johnson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 672
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Author: Rucker Charles Johnson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 672
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Author: Ian Schmutte
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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This dissertation applies the tools of network analysis to study job mobility. Job mobility is a complex phenomenon, and network theory provides a novel and practical framework for dealing with this complexity in understanding how individuals move from job to job. My first essay measures the effect of job referral networks on search outcomes. The key contribution of this essay is providing evidence of one mechanism by which social interactions affect earnings. An on-the-job search model extended to include social transmission of job information yields an empirical specification in which ones current job offer depends on the average offer of his social contacts. Using block level variation in the quality of jobs held by ones residential neighbors, I find that when changing jobs an individual with better local network contacts will obtain a higher quality job. In addition to the main result, this paper provides new evidence on the spatial structure of the wage distribution within urban areas. In the second essay I apply network algorithms to detect groups of workers and employers with relatively homogeneous patterns of job mobility. Workers with interchangeable skills should have similar patterns of mobility across employers that use those skills in roughly the same way. Grouping workers and jobs solely on the basis of similar mobility patterns reveals labor market sectors with distinct compensation structures. My final essay, joint with John Abowd, uses network models to facilitate identification of employer-specific wage premia in a decomposition of log earnings from matched employer-employee data.
Author: Richard A. Settersten Jr.
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226748928
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 608
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Book Description
On the Frontier of Adulthood reveals a startling new fact: adulthood no longer begins when adolescence ends. A lengthy period before adulthood, often spanning the twenties and even extending into the thirties, is now devoted to further education, job exploration, experimentation in romantic relationships, and personal development. Pathways into and through adulthood have become much less linear and predictable, and these changes carry tremendous social and cultural significance, especially as institutions and policies aimed at supporting young adults have not kept pace with these changes. This volume considers the nature and consequences of changes in early adulthood by drawing upon a wide variety of historical and contemporary data from the United States, Canada, and Western Europe. Especially dramatic shifts have occurred in the conventional markers of adulthood—leaving home, finishing school, getting a job, getting married, and having children—and in how these experiences are configured as a set. These accounts reveal how the process of becoming an adult has changed over the past century, the challenges faced by young people today, and what societies can do to smooth the transition to adulthood. "This book is the most thorough, wide-reaching, and insightful analysis of the new life stage of early adulthood."—Andrew Cherlin, Johns Hopkins University "From West to East, young people today enter adulthood in widely diverse ways that affect their life chances. This book provides a rich portrait of this journey-an essential font of knowledge for all who care about the younger generation."—Glen H. Elder Jr., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill "On the Frontier of Adulthood adds considerably to our knowledge about the transition from adolescence to adulthood. . . . It will indeed be the definitive resource for researchers for years to come. Anyone working in the area—whether in demography, sociology, economics, or developmental psychology—will wish to make use of what is gathered here."—John Modell, Brown University "This is a must-read for scholars and policymakers who are concerned with the future of today's youth and will become a touchpoint for an emerging field of inquiry focused on adult transitions."—Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, Columbia University
Author: John F. Kain
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 440
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Author: Fredrik Andersson
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN: 1610440102
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
For over a decade, policy makers have emphasized work as the best means to escape poverty. However, millions of working Americans still fall below the poverty line. Though many of these "working poor" remain mired in poverty for long periods, some eventually climb their way up the earnings ladder. These success stories show that the low wage labor market is not necessarily a dead end, but little research to date has focused on how these upwardly mobile workers get ahead. In Moving Up or Moving On, Fredrik Andersson, Harry Holzer, and Julia Lane examine the characteristics of both employees and employers that lead to positive outcomes for workers. Using new Census data, Moving Up or Moving On follows a group of low earners over a nine-year period to analyze the behaviors and characteristics of individuals and employers that lead workers to successful career outcomes. The authors find that, in general, workers who "moved on" to different employers fared better than those who tried to "move up" within the same firm. While changing employers meant losing valuable job tenure and spending more time out of work than those who stayed put, workers who left their jobs in search of better opportunity elsewhere ended up with significantly higher earnings in the long term—in large part because they were able to find employers that paid better wages and offered more possibilities for promotion. Yet moving on to better jobs is difficult for many of the working poor because they lack access to good-paying firms. Andersson, Holzer, and Lane demonstrate that low-wage workers tend to live far from good paying employers, making an improved transportation infrastructure a vital component of any public policy to improve job prospects for the poor. Labor market intermediaries can also help improve access to good employers. The authors find that one such intermediary, temporary help agencies, improved long-term outcomes for low-wage earners by giving them exposure to better-paying firms and therefore the opportunity to obtain better jobs. Taken together, these findings suggest that public policy can best serve the working poor by expanding their access to good employers, assisting them with job training and placement, and helping them to prepare for careers that combine both mobility and job retention strategies. Moving Up or Moving On offers a compelling argument about how low-wage workers can achieve upward mobility, and how public policy can facilitate the process. Clearly written and based on an abundance of new data, this book provides concrete, practical answers to the large questions surrounding the low-wage labor market.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 668
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Author: Paul A. Waddell
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0429849583
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 98
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Book Description
Published in 1997. The aim of this book is to explore urban modelling traditions, identify key limitations and contributions and to develop a more general model within a discrete choice framework. The scope of the effort is on household choices regarding residential location, workplace and housing tenure. It is the first systematic effort to analyze the structure and sequence of the choices made by households regarding residential location and workplace. The implications for urban theory, model development and policy analysis are substantial.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 436
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Book Description
Author: Pierre M. Picard
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Job hunting
Languages : en
Pages : 63
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Book Description
We develop a model where workers both choose their residential location (geographical space) and social interactions (social space). In equilibrium, we show under which condition the majority group resides close to the job center while the minority group lives far away from it. Even though the two populations are ex ante totally identical, we find that the majority group experiences a lower unemployment rate than the minority group and tends to socially interact more with other workers of its own group. Within each group, we demonstrate that workers residing farther away from the job center tend to search less for a job and are less likely to be employed. This model is thus able to explain why ethnic minorities are segregated in the urban and social space and why this leads to adverse labor-market outcomes in the absence of any discrimination against the minority group.
Author: Jos Van Ommeren
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 135175212X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 229
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Book Description
This title was first published in 2000: An analysis of commuting behaviour from an integrated labour and housing market perspective. A theoretical search model is proposed and analyzed with an emphasis on two-owner households. The book provides insights into the relationship between job and residential moving and commuting behaviour.
