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Author: Susan Park
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108807615
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Book Description
Global governance now provides people with recourse for harm through International Grievance Mechanisms, such as the Independent Accountability Mechanisms of the Multilateral Development Banks. Yet little is known about how such mechanisms work. This Element examines how IGMs provide recourse for infringements of three procedural environmental rights: access to information, access to participation, and access to justice in environmental matters, as well as environmental protections drawn from the United Nations Guiding Principles and the World Bank's protection standards. A content analysis of 394 original IAM claims details how people invoke these rights. The sections then unpack how the IAMs provide community engagement through 'problem solving', and 'compliance investigations' that identify whether the harm resulted from the MDBs. Using a database of all known submissions to the IAMs (1,052 claims from 1994 to mid-2019), this Element demonstrate how the IAMs enable people to air their grievances, without necessarily solving their problems.
Author: Susan Park
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108807615
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 138
Get Book Here
Book Description
Global governance now provides people with recourse for harm through International Grievance Mechanisms, such as the Independent Accountability Mechanisms of the Multilateral Development Banks. Yet little is known about how such mechanisms work. This Element examines how IGMs provide recourse for infringements of three procedural environmental rights: access to information, access to participation, and access to justice in environmental matters, as well as environmental protections drawn from the United Nations Guiding Principles and the World Bank's protection standards. A content analysis of 394 original IAM claims details how people invoke these rights. The sections then unpack how the IAMs provide community engagement through 'problem solving', and 'compliance investigations' that identify whether the harm resulted from the MDBs. Using a database of all known submissions to the IAMs (1,052 claims from 1994 to mid-2019), this Element demonstrate how the IAMs enable people to air their grievances, without necessarily solving their problems.
Author: Susan Park
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780197626504
Category : Development banks
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
"Powerful international development organisations like the World Bank recognised that they contributed to ecosystem destruction and a loss of land and livelihoods for people in developing countries in the 1990s. Pressure from activists and the United States led the World Bank to give affected people recourse through an Inspection Panel. Within a decade other similar Multilateral Development Banks would follow suit. I argue that these accountability mechanisms embody a norm of 'accountability as justice', which has now spread globally. I make three arguments for why the norm was created, how the accountability mechanisms operate, and whether they hold the Banks to account. First, the US promoted this norm during debates over how to maintain the efficiency and effectiveness of the Multilateral Development Banks in the 1990s. As the Banks' premier shareholder, the US built on its history of using 'accountability as control' to establish the 'accountability as justice' norm of for all the Banks even when pressure from activists was absent or muted. It was able to do so using its 'power of the purse,' its 'vote,' and its 'voice' in the Banks. Second, the Banks resisted the norm, leading the US to invoke the same practices to demand the Banks reformulate the mechanisms in egregious cases. Finally, the book shows how the accountability mechanisms have become more accessible, transparent, independent, responsive, and effective. Despite these gains, the Banks adhere to the accountability as justice norm as a corrective to their operations rather than to pre-empt harm"--
Author: Stephany Griffith-Jones
Publisher:
ISBN: 0198827946
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
For a long time the topic of national development banks was limited to a debate between admirers and detractors of these institutions, often inserted into a more general debate of state versus markets. Since the 2007/8 North Atlantic financial crisis however, interest and support for these institutions has broadly increased in both developing and developed countries. Key issues such as understanding how development banks work, what their main aims are, and what their links with the private financial and corporate sector are have come to the forefront, and there is an increased interest in what instruments, incentives, and governance work better in general and in particular contexts. The Future of National Development Banks provides an in-depth study of several key examples of these institutions based in Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Germany, Mexico, and Peru. It explores horizontal issues such as their role in innovation and structural change, sustainable infrastructure financing, financial inclusion, and regulatory rules. It provides both research and policy-oriented perspectives on how these banks can make a significant contribution to a countries' development, and analyses their roles within broader economic policy, their governance, and the main instruments they use to perform their function. The Future of National Development Banks has important policy implications for countries that have these institutions and can improve them, and countries that do not have them yet and can learn from best practice.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780195531916
Category : Australia
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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Book Description
Author: Stephen J. Turner
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108482244
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 455
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Book Description
A comprehensive and systematic guide to environmental rights and their relationship with standards of protection globally, nationally and locally.
Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 9780195209921
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
World Development Report 1994 examines the link between infrastructure and development and explores ways in which developing countries can improve both the provision and the quality of infrastructure services. In recent decades, developing countries have made substantial investments in infrastructure, achieving dramatic gains for households and producers by expanding their access to services such as safe water, sanitation, electric power, telecommunications, and transport. Even more infrastructure investment and expansion are needed in order to extend the reach of services - especially to people living in rural areas and to the poor. But as this report shows, the quantity of investment cannot be the exclusive focus of policy. Improving the quality of infrastructure service also is vital. Both quantity and quality improvements are essential to modernize and diversify production, help countries compete internationally, and accommodate rapid urbanization. The report identifies the basic cause of poor past performance as inadequate institutional incentives for improving the provision of infrastructure. To promote more efficient and responsive service delivery, incentives need to be changed through commercial management, competition, and user involvement. Several trends are helping to improve the performance of infrastructure. First, innovation in technology and in the regulatory management of markets makes more diversity possible in the supply of services. Second, an evaluation of the role of government is leading to a shift from direct government provision of services to increasing private sector provision and recent experience in many countries with public-private partnerships is highlighting new ways to increase efficiency and expand services. Third, increased concern about social and environmental sustainability has heightened public interest in infrastructure design and performance.
Author:
Publisher: Lulu.com
ISBN: 9291316695
Category : Bank capital
Languages : en
Pages : 294
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Book Description
Author: Antje Vetterlein
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1802204784
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 467
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Book Description
The Elgar Companion to The World Bank provides a comprehensive review of the past 80 years for this powerful development institution. Using different theoretical approaches from an expert group of scholars as well as practitioners, it presents an interdisciplinary exploration of the World Bank and the wider field of International Relations.
Author: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Commission on Environmental Law
Publisher: IUCN
ISBN: 9782831705248
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Book Description
This is an updated edition of the 1995 version. In the mid-1980's, the IUCN CEL, in consultation with leading experts from around the world, began to respond to a need later identified by Agenda 21: the preparation of an integrated framework for international environmental law.
Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 9780821355763
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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Book Description
Involuntary Resettlement Sourcebook: Planning and Implementation in Development Projects clarifies many policy and technical issues that confront resettlement policymakers and practitioners. It provides guidance on resettlement design, implementation, and monitoring, and it discusses resettlement issues particular to development projects in different sectors, such as urban development, natural resource management, and the building of dams. The sourcebook will be useful to a wide range of stakeholders. Its primary audience is resettlement practitioners, who have a role in the actual design, implementation, and evaluation of resettlement programs. The sourcebook will also be of interest to policymakers and project decision makers.
