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Author: Rakibul Islam
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Conducting polymer nanocomposites exhibit for instance interesting thermoelectric properties which make them a promising, inexpensive, clean and efficient solution for heat waste harvesting. This thesis reports on properties of polyaniline (PANI) nanostructured composites as a function of various carbonaceous nano-fillers content such as carbon nanotubes (1-D), and 2-D reduced graphene oxide (RGO). SEM, TEM, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy have been employed to investigate their structure and morphology. Electrical and thermal conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) have been systematically performed. An important increase of electrical conductivity has been observed with increasing filler fraction whereas thermal conductivity only slightly increases, which enhances ZT of several orders of magnitude. Fillers dimension effect is evidenced, but, whatever this dimension, it is shown that, in contrast with thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity follows a percolation behavior through 2D conduction process. This behavior is also observed in the case of the volumetric heat capacity of PANI/RGO nanohybrids which make them potential candidates as high heat capacitive materials. For the first time their heat storage factor is assessed with a new analytical model proposed in this study. The PANI/RGO samples have also been investigated by Dielectric Spectroscopy at different temperatures. Results evidence an interesting charge trapping phenomenon occurring at the PANI/RGO interface which might find promising applications in supercapacitors or gate memory devices.
Author: Rakibul Islam
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Conducting polymer nanocomposites exhibit for instance interesting thermoelectric properties which make them a promising, inexpensive, clean and efficient solution for heat waste harvesting. This thesis reports on properties of polyaniline (PANI) nanostructured composites as a function of various carbonaceous nano-fillers content such as carbon nanotubes (1-D), and 2-D reduced graphene oxide (RGO). SEM, TEM, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy have been employed to investigate their structure and morphology. Electrical and thermal conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) have been systematically performed. An important increase of electrical conductivity has been observed with increasing filler fraction whereas thermal conductivity only slightly increases, which enhances ZT of several orders of magnitude. Fillers dimension effect is evidenced, but, whatever this dimension, it is shown that, in contrast with thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity follows a percolation behavior through 2D conduction process. This behavior is also observed in the case of the volumetric heat capacity of PANI/RGO nanohybrids which make them potential candidates as high heat capacitive materials. For the first time their heat storage factor is assessed with a new analytical model proposed in this study. The PANI/RGO samples have also been investigated by Dielectric Spectroscopy at different temperatures. Results evidence an interesting charge trapping phenomenon occurring at the PANI/RGO interface which might find promising applications in supercapacitors or gate memory devices.
Author: Antonio Pantano
Publisher: Smithers Rapra
ISBN: 1847355870
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have amazing properties and a key way to take advantage of this is by incorporating nanotubes into a matrix to build composite materials. The best candidates for this task are undoubtedly polymers. Almost every characteristic of a polymer can be significantly enhanced by adding carbon nanotubes and as a result, new potential applications of carbon nanotube enhanced polymer composites are discovered every day. However, before carbon nanotube enhanced polymer composites become commonplace there are some tough challenges that need to be overcome. This book reviews the status of worldwide research in both single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotube based composites. It serves as a practical guide on carbon nanotube based composites and a reference to students and researchers from the academia and industry.
Author: Namiko Yamamoto
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 221
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Book Description
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a potential new component to be incorporated into existing aerospace structural composites for multi-functional (mechanical, electrical, thermal, etc.) property enhancement and tailoring. Traditional advanced fiber reinforced polymer composites are used for aerospace vehicles due to their high mass-specific properties. Still, improvements are desired including non-mechanical aspects, e.g., higher electrical conductivity is required for shielding layers against electromagnetic (EM) waves and lightning strike, and tailored thermal conductivity is desired for heat management. Currently, effective use of CNTs is limited in macroscopic materials due to numerous issues including difficulties in processing; favorable CNT properties have not translated straightforwardly into macroscopic property enhancement. Factors that cause such scaling and compositing effects include CNT quality, morphology (length, entanglement, alignment, etc.), and CNT-medium and inter-CNT boundary properties. Evaluation of these factors through process-structure-property relations has been difficult due to inconsistency and poor quantification of CNT composite morphology. In this work, a complete characterization of consistent CNT-polymer composite samples with controlled CNT morphology was acquired for the first time. Aligned CNT polymer nanocomposites (A-CNT-PNCs) were fabricated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) with varying volume fraction (VCNT) between 1-20% embedded in an aerospace-grade epoxy. A-CNTPNC surfaces were controlled to nano-scale roughness for effective CNT-electrode contact, and interface boundary effects were eliminated using unique test techniques. Benchmark electrical and thermal property measurements of A-CNT-PNCs were obtained using complementary bulk and local measurement techniques, with clear structure-property relations due to the controlled, quantified, and non-isotropic CNT morphology. The data were interpreted using both analytical and numerical models to evaluate the effects of the above critical scaling factors, particularly interface properties at CNT-polymer and inter-CNT contacts. Electrical conductivities were measured to have a linear increase with VCNT, resulting in ~104 S/m (axial) and ~102 S/m (transverse) with -20% VCNT, much higher than previously measured data of any CNT-thermoset PNCs in the literature. Meanwhile, the extracted per-CNT resistance, 107 Q, is comparable to individually measured values in the literature, confirming that scaling and compositing effects can be minimized. Thermal conductivities, both axial and transverse, were experimentally observed to rapidly increase at a certain high VCNT (-10%). This experimental observation is novel, as CNT-PNCs have never been fabricated and tested with such high VCNT or with non-isotropy from CNT alignment. When studied analytically and numerically, this non-linear behavior is partially explained by thermal boundary resistances, mainly at CNTpolymer contacts (quantified as ~10-8 m2K/W). Although A-CNT-PNC thermal conductivity is still low in the VCNT range tested (-4 W/mK with 16% VCNT), the rapid increase trend suggests the potential for further enhancement of thermal conduction. These experimental data sets demonstrate that individual CNT properties can be scaled when morphology is controlled, suggesting a specific means to further composite property improvement: greater CNT alignment to avoid inter-CNT contacts for electrical transport, and CNT-polymer and inter-CNT interface enhancement to reduce resistances for thermal transport. Based on the above, a model macroscopic nano-engineered composite (CNTs, fibers, and polymer) was fabricated through direct growth of radially aligned CNTs on 11 pm-diameter alumina fibers in a woven cloth and hand lay-up. Measured laminate electrical and thermal properties (-1 W/mK and -100 S/m) were consistent with the A-CNT-PNC study, and confirmed the CNT-implemented composite's potential for applications such as electromagnetic interference shielding. The benchmark experimental data and findings and multi-scale framework established in this work can contribute to optimal use of CNTs and other conductive nano-particles in macroscopic materials for numerous applications: damage sensing in airplane structures, electrical interconnects, thermal interface materials, and power electrode or storage materials. Future work includes further understanding of transport limiting factors using improved models that can accommodate more complex CNT geometries and associated boundary effects, and tailoring of macroscopic CNT composites by extending CNT-growth substrates and matrices for a variety of applications.
Author: Xingyi Huang
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319803036
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 351
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Book Description
This book focuses on the fundamental principles and recent progress in the field of electrical and thermal properties of polymer nanocomposites. The physical and chemical natures determining the electrical and thermal properties of polymer nanocomposites are discussed in detail. The authors describe the range of traditional and emerging polymer nanocomposites from nanoparticle and polymer composites to novel nanostructure based polymer nanocomposites. They include novel properties and potential applications, such as high-k, low-k, high thermal conductivity, antistatic, high voltage insulation, electric stress control, and thermal energy conversion among others.
Author: Maryam Majidian
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
Mots-clés de l'autrice: Nanocomposites ; SU8 epoxy ; Graphene ; Carbon Nanotube (CNT) ; Onion-Like Carbon (OLC) ; Electrical Transport ; Mechanical Properties ; Thermal Conductivity ; Optical Spectroscopy ; Rheology ; Photolithography ; Polydispersity.
Author: Brian P. Grady
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118084373
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 505
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Book Description
The accessible compendium of polymers in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)—extremely thin tubes only a few nanometers in diameter but able to attain lengths thousands of times greater—are prime candidates for use in the development of polymer composite materials. Bringing together thousands of disparate research works, Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites: Manufacture, Properties, and Applications covers CNT-polymers from synthesis to potential applications, presenting the basic science and engineering of this dynamic and complex area in an accessible, readable way. Designed to be of use to polymer scientists, engineers, chemists, physicists, and materials scientists, the book covers carbon nanotube fundamentals to help polymer experts understand CNTs, and polymer physics to help those in the CNT field, making it an invaluable resource for anyone working with CNT-polymer composites. Detailed chapters describe the mechanical, rheological, electrical, and thermal properties of carbon nanotube-polymer composites. Including a glossary that defines key terms, Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites is essential reading for anyone looking to gain a fundamental understanding of CNTs and polymers, as well as potential and current applications, including electronics (shielding and transparent electrodes), flame retardants, and electromechanics (sensors and actuators), and their challenges.
Author: Marcio Loos
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 145573196X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 305
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Book Description
Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Composites introduces a wide audience of engineers, scientists and product designers to this important and rapidly expanding class of high performance composites. Dr Loos provides readers with the scientific fundamentals of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), CNT composites and nanotechnology in a way which will enable them to understand the performance, capability and potential of the materials under discussion. He also investigates how CNT reinforcement can be used to enhance the mechanical, electrical and thermal properties of polymer composites. Production methods, processing technologies and applications are fully examined, with reference to relevant patents. Finally, health and safety issues related to the use of CNTs are investigated. Dr. Loos compares the theoretical expectations of using CNTs to the results obtained in labs, and explains the reasons for the discrepancy between theoretical and experimental results. This approach makes the book an essential reference and practical guide for engineers and product developers working with reinforced polymers – as well as researchers and students in polymer science, materials and nanotechnology. A wealth of applications information is included, taken from the wide range of industry sectors utilizing CNT reinforced composites, such as energy, coatings, defense, electronics, medical devices, and high performance sports equipment. Introduces a wide range of readers involved in plastics engineering, product design and manufacturing to the relevant topics in nano-science, nanotechnology, nanotubes and composites. Assesses effects of CNTs as reinforcing agents, both in a materials context and an applications setting. Focuses on applications aspects – performance, cost, health and safety, etc – for a wide range of industry sectors, e.g. energy, coatings, defense, electronics, medical devices, high performance sports equipment, etc.
Author: Roham Rafiee
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323482228
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 588
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Book Description
Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Polymers: From Nanoscale to Macroscale addresses the advances in nanotechnology that have led to the development of a new class of composite materials known as CNT-reinforced polymers. The low density and high aspect ratio, together with their exceptional mechanical, electrical and thermal properties, render carbon nanotubes as a good reinforcing agent for composites. In addition, these simulation and modeling techniques play a significant role in characterizing their properties and understanding their mechanical behavior, and are thus discussed and demonstrated in this comprehensive book that presents the state-of-the-art research in the field of modeling, characterization and processing. The book separates the theoretical studies on the mechanical properties of CNTs and their composites into atomistic modeling and continuum mechanics-based approaches, including both analytical and numerical ones, along with multi-scale modeling techniques. Different efforts have been done in this field to address the mechanical behavior of isolated CNTs and their composites by numerous researchers, signaling that this area of study is ongoing. Explains modeling approaches to carbon nanotubes, together with their application, strengths and limitations Outlines the properties of different carbon nanotube-based composites, exploring how they are used in the mechanical and structural components Analyzes the behavior of carbon nanotube-based composites in different conditions
Author: Tony McNally
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857091395
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 849
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Book Description
Understanding the properties of polymer carbon nanotube (CNT) composites is the key to these materials finding new applications in a wide range of industries, including but not limited to electronics, aerospace and biomedical/bioengineering. Polymer-carbon nanotube composites provides comprehensive and in-depth coverage of the preparation, characterisation, properties and applications of these technologically interesting new materials. Part one covers the preparation and processing of composites of thermoplastics with CNTs, with chapters covering in-situ polymerization, melt processing and CNT surface treatment, as well as elastomer and thermoset CNT composites. Part two concentrates on properties and characterization, including chapters on the quantification of CNT dispersion using microscopy techniques, and on topics as diverse as thermal degradation of polymer/CNT composites, the use of rheology, Raman spectroscopy and multi-scale modelling to study polymer/CNT composites, and CNT toxicity. In part three, the applications of polymer/CNT composites are reviewed, with chapters on specific applications such as in fibres and cables, bioengineering applications and conductive polymer CNT composites for sensing. With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Polymer-carbon nanotube composites is an essential reference for scientists, engineers and designers in high-tech industry and academia with an interest in polymer nanotechnology and nanocomposites. Provides comprehensive and in-depth coverage of the preparation, characterisation and properties of these technologically interesting new materials Reviews the preparation and processing of composites of thermoplastics with CNTs, covering in-situ polymerization, melt processing and CNT surface treatment Explores applications of polymer/CNT composites such as in fibres and cables, bioengineering applications and conductive polymer CNT composites for sensing
Author: Ayesha Kausar
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0323996582
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 369
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Book Description
Polymeric Nanocomposites with Carbonaceous Nanofillers for Aerospace Applications offers a comprehensive paperback on the aerospace relevance of polymer/carbonaceous nanofiller-based nanocomposite. This manuscript summarizes all specific information on the design, fabrication and application areas of aerospace industry that employ polymer/carbonaceous nanofiller-based nanocomposites. In addition, it points to the potential of aeronautical nanocomposites towards lightning strike, radiation shielding, anti-corrosion, electronic/optical features, thermal management, antistatic application, self-healing aptitude, and green nanocomposites. The modeling of mechanical and essential properties of aerospace nanocomposites is also discussed, along with challenges and future forecasts of polymer/carbonaceous nanofiller nanocomposites. Focuses on essential aerospace composites, carbonaceous nanofillers, and ensuing polymer/carbonaceous nanofiller-based nanocomposites Explores indispensable properties of aeronautical nanocomposites, modeling of physical properties, and combined influence of carbonaceous nanofillers and carbon fibers on space material properties Includes up-to-date technical applications of polymer/carbonaceous nanofiller-based nanocomposites in design, mechanical robustness, heat resistance, non-flammability, anti-corrosion, radiation shielding, lightning strike prevention, electronic/optical features, antistatic application, self-healing, thermal management, and green nanocomposites for aeronautical relevance
