Effects of Severe Mental Illness on Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition PDF Download
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Author: Ashley Marie Hervey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 81
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Book Description
Bone density and body composition among the average population has been extensively researched; little research has been reported on the effects of Severe Mental Illness (SMI). Recent studies have suggested that individuals with SMI are at greater risk of osteoporosis, but the study groups have been primarily patients that required chronic institutionalized care. Purpose: To assess bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition in individuals with SMI. Methods: BMD of the forearm and femoral neck and body composition was measured by a DXA unit (Hologic QDR 4500). 28 individuals (15 male; 13 female) with Severe Mental Illness (bipolar (N=13), schizophrenia (N=4), schizoaffective (N=4), major depression/depression (N=2), and other (N=5)) volunteered for this study. Results: Total group (N=28) body fat percentage (35.5±9.4) and BMI (31.7±6.24) is significantly greater (
Author: Ashley Marie Hervey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 81
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Book Description
Bone density and body composition among the average population has been extensively researched; little research has been reported on the effects of Severe Mental Illness (SMI). Recent studies have suggested that individuals with SMI are at greater risk of osteoporosis, but the study groups have been primarily patients that required chronic institutionalized care. Purpose: To assess bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition in individuals with SMI. Methods: BMD of the forearm and femoral neck and body composition was measured by a DXA unit (Hologic QDR 4500). 28 individuals (15 male; 13 female) with Severe Mental Illness (bipolar (N=13), schizophrenia (N=4), schizoaffective (N=4), major depression/depression (N=2), and other (N=5)) volunteered for this study. Results: Total group (N=28) body fat percentage (35.5±9.4) and BMI (31.7±6.24) is significantly greater (
Author: United States Public Health Service
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781410219275
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This first-ever Surgeon General's Report on bone health and osteoporosis illustrates the large burden that bone disease places on our Nation and its citizens. Like other chronic diseases that disproportionately affect the elderly, the prevalence of bone disease and fractures is projected to increase markedly as the population ages. If these predictions come true, bone disease and fractures will have a tremendous negative impact on the future well-being of Americans. But as this report makes clear, they need not come true: by working together we can change the picture of aging in America. Osteoporosis, fractures, and other chronic diseases no longer should be thought of as an inevitable part of growing old. By focusing on prevention and lifestyle changes, including physical activity and nutrition, as well as early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, Americans can avoid much of the damaging impact of bone disease and other chronic diseases. This Surgeon General's Report brings together for the first time the scientific evidence related to the prevention, assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of bone disease. More importantly, it provides a framework for moving forward. The report will be another effective tool in educating Americans about how they can promote bone health throughout their lives. This first-ever Surgeon General's Report on bone health and osteoporosis provides much needed information on bone health, an often overlooked aspect of physical health. This report follows in the tradition of previous Surgeon Generals' reports by identifying the relevant scientific data, rigorously evaluating and summarizing the evidence, and determining conclusions.
Author: Yael Kipen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body composition
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241545228
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Book Description
This book provides comprehensive guidelines for the design, implementation, and interpretation of preclinical studies and clinical trials of agents undergoing investigation for the management of osteoporosis. Noting the magnitude of the public health problem caused by osteoporosis and related fractures, the book responds to the urgent need for a cohesive and rational approach to the search for new therapeutic or preventive agents. Recommended principles and methods reflect the consensus reached by a large number of international experts, representatives of the pharmaceutical industry, and drug regulatory authorities. The book opens with a brief discussion of the current and future public health problem caused by osteoporotic fractures, followed by conceptual and operational definitions of osteoporosis and a recommended classification of four intervention categories that facilitate the definition of treatment objectives and the design of targetted studies. Against this background, the next chapter offers a detailed guide to the aims, design, conduct and interpretation of preclinical studies. Specific recommendations are given for the selection of in vitro and animal models, the design of the study, including dose ranges and duration of treatment, and the most appropriate end-points for assessing efficacy. The most extensive chapter provides a comprehensive description of basic principles and methods to follow during clinical trials. Information ranges from a discussion of problems with the use of bone mineral density to predict fracture risk, through advice on the choice of tests and techniques for measuring the effects of interventions, to a discussion of general principles of trial design, including selection of study population, treatment regimen, duration of studies, sample size, and frequency of measurement. Drawing on these detailed principles and methods, subsequent chapters offer concise guidance specific to phase I and phase II studies, phase III studies in severe osteoporosis, phase III studies in osteoporosis without fragility fractures, and phase III studies in osteopenia. The book concludes with chapters outlining principles and methods for phase III clinical trials in subjects with normal bone mass, and for phase IV studies.
Author: Stefan Leucht
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521882648
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Book Description
Provides a comprehensive review of research evidence on physical diseases in people with schizophrenia.
Author: Catherine M. Gordon
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 148997525X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 187
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Book Description
This is the first book of its kind to focus solely on the female athlete triad - its origins, its recognition, and most importantly, its management. Since the symptoms themselves cover a range of medical specialties, chapters are written by experts in a number of relevant fields - sports medicine, orthopedics, endocrinology, and pediatrics - with an eye toward overall care of the young female athlete. Additionally, each chapter includes suggestions on how to educate and communicate with young athletes and their parents, as well as trainers and coaches, on how to manage the illness outside of the direct clinical setting. The female athlete triad is often seen in sports where low body weight is emphasized, such as gymnastics, figure skating, and running, though it can appear in any sport or activity. The interrelated symptoms - eating disorders, amenorrhea, and low bone mass - exist on a spectrum of severity and are serious and potentially life-threatening if not properly treated. Psychological problems, in addition to medical ones, are not uncommon. The Female Athlete Triad: A Clinical Guide discusses all of these areas for a well-rounded and in-depth approach to the phenomenon and will be a useful reference for any clinician working with female athletes across the lifespan.
Author: American College of Sports Medicine
Publisher: Human Kinetics Publishers
ISBN: 1492526398
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Book Description
ACSM's Body Composition Assessment provides practicing fitness, health, and medical professionals with information about various body composition measurement methods in clinical and field settings--evidence-based protocols, advantages, sources of measurement error, and more.
Author: Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309283140
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 503
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Book Description
Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.
Author: Wayne Katon
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119957478
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 197
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Book Description
In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the multiple interrelationships between depression and various physical diseases. The WPA is providing an update of currently available evidence on these interrelationships by the publication of three books, dealing with the comorbidity of depression with diabetes, heart disease and cancer. Depression is a frequent and serious comorbid condition in diabetes, which adversely affects quality of life and the long-term prognosis. Co-occurrent depression presents peculiar clinical challenges, making both conditions harder to manage. Depression and Diabetes is the first book devoted to the interaction between these common disorders. World leaders in diabetes, depression and public health synthesize current evidence, including some previously unpublished data, in a concise, easy-to-read format. They provide an overview of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, medical costs, management, and public health and cultural implications of the comorbidity between depression and diabetes. The book describes how the negative consequences of depression in diabetes could be avoided, given that effective depression treatments for diabetic patients are available. Its practical approach makes the book ideal for all those involved in the management of these patients: psychiatrists, psychologists, diabetologists, general practitioners, diabetes specialist nurses and mental health nurses.
Author: Karim Khan
Publisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 9780880119689
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
With an emphasis on exercise and its effect on bone, this text includes sections on basic anatomy and the physiology of the structure and function of bone as well as exercises to maintain a healthy skeleton through to old age.
