Effects of Forage Source and Dietary Protein Content on Milk Production and Nitrogen Utilization by Lactating Cows PDF Download
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Author: Honorato H. B. Santos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
Author: Honorato H. B. Santos
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
Author: André Fonseca de Brito
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
Author: Philip C. Garnsworthy
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483100189
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 442
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Book Description
Nutrition and Lactation in the Dairy Cow is the proceedings of the 46th University of Nottingham Easter School in Agricultural Science. Said symposium was concerned with the significant advances in the field of nutrition and lactation in the dairy cow. The book is divided in five parts. Part I deals with the principles behind nutrition and lactation of cows. Part II discusses the cow's nutrient interactions; responses to nutrients that yield protein and energy; and the influence of nutrient balance and milk yields. Part III tackles the efficiency of energy utilization in cows and its relation to milk production. Part IV talks about food intake of cows and the factors that affect it, while Part V deals with the different feeding systems for cows. The text is recommended for those involved in raising cows and dairy production, especially those who would like to know more and make studies about the relationship of nutrition and lactation of cows.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309037956
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 384
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Book Description
This lively book examines recent trends in animal product consumption and diet; reviews industry efforts, policies, and programs aimed at improving the nutritional attributes of animal products; and offers suggestions for further research. In addition, the volume reviews dietary and health recommendations from major health organizations and notes specific target levels for nutrients.
Author: Erin Beth Recktenwald
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 206
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Book Description
Due to concern over nitrogen (N) emissions, this study attempted to evaluate dietary approaches to reduce N excretion by dairy cattle. Knowledge about potential N sources that were either unaccounted for or under-predicted by CPM Dairy and the Dairy NRC (2001) was used to formulate rations that were much lower in crude protein (CP) than typically fed to dairy cattle but would potentially not decrease production. Specifically, the three diets fed were predicted to have: (1) positive rumen N and metabolizable protein (MP) balances (Diet P) (2) negative MP balance and positive rumen N balance (Diet N), or (3) negative rumen N balance but positive MP balance (Diet T) as predicted by CPM Dairy version 3. The objective of this experiment was to determine whether, and to what extent, the decrease in predicted ruminally available N and MP supply would affect milk production. Eighty-eight multiparous lactating Holstein cows (83 ± 20 DIM), were blocked by average daily milk yield to 50 DIM and parity and assigned to three diets differing in N content or predicted rumen degradability of the feed N. The diets were formulated with CPM Dairy V3 using library values for all feeds except corn silage where actual chemical, digestibility, and degradation rate values were determined and used. The diets (DM basis) consisted of approximately 50% corn silage, 2% wheat straw and 48% of a diet specific ingredient mix and were formulated for 22.2 of kg DMI. Actual diet CP levels were 16.7, 14.2 and 14.3% for Diets P, N and T, respectively. The predicted CPM Dairy rumen N balance at the formulated DMI was 29 and 27 g for Diets P and N and negative 39 g/d for Diet T, whereas the predicted MP balance was 263 and negative 145 and 91 g/d for Diets P, N and T, respectively. Monensin was included in the diets at a formulated intake of approximately 300 mg per cow per d and somatotropin was administered per label. Actual DMI for cattle fed these treatments were 25.7, 25.5 and 24.2 kg/d for Diets P, N and T, respectively and were significantly lower for Diet T. Actual milk yield was 45.0, 42.6 and 43.3 kg/d and 3.5% FCM was 38.1, 36.5, and 36.4 kg/d for cows fed Diets P, N and T, respectively and was significantly lower for cows fed Diets N and T. Milk protein percent was not affected by diet; however, milk protein yield was significantly greater for cows fed Diet P due to the difference in milk yield. Plasma urea N concentrations were 11.31, 8.40 and 7.13 mg/dl for cows fed diets P, N and T, respectively and were different and paralleled the rumen ammonia levels of 8.32, 6.58 and 5.84 mg/dl. Milk fat depression (MFD) was observed in all cows and was not affected by treatment, and the average milk fat levels were 2.67, 2.68 and 2.54% for diets P, N and T, respectively. To determine if monensin was partially responsible for the MFD, monensin was removed from the diets of approximately half of the cows on treatment once they had finished the experimental period. Removal of monensin resulted in a 30% increase in milk fat percent, and milk protein content was not affected. Calculated milk N:intake N ratios for the three treatments were 0.31, 0.33 and 0.36 for Diets P, N and T respectively. The results of this study suggest that more productive N is available than currently predicted by either CPM Dairy and the Dairy NRC (2001). Understanding where these differences exist would allow for feeding less CP to dairy cattle and decreasing N emissions to the environment. It may also be a profitable strategy for dairy farmers, as they would be able to reduce their purchase of costly protein feeds, but that was not demonstrated in this study - primarily due to the severe milk fat depression that decreased the economic value of milk. However, ration cost was not a concern for this experiment, and that aspect can be considered when implementing feeding strategies stemming from this research. (Abstract).
Author: Cassandra Barratt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Pierre Cronjé
Publisher: CABI
ISBN: 9780851997124
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 492
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Book Description
The International Symposium on Ruminant Physiology (ISRP) is the premier forum for presentation and discussion of advances in knowledge of the physiology of ruminant animals. This book brings together edited versions of the keynote review papers presented at the symposium.
Author: Harald Volden
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9086867189
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
NorFor is a semi-mechanistic feed evaluation system for cattle, which is used by advisors in Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. This book describes in detail the system and it covers five main sections. The first is concerned with information on feed characteristics, feed analysis and feed digestion methods. The second section describes the digestion and metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract and the supply and requirement of energy and metabolizable amino acids. The third section considers the prediction of feed intake and physical structure of the diet. The fourth section focuses on model evaluation and the final section provides information on the IT solutions and feed ration formulation by a non-linear economical optimization procedure. This book will be of significant interest to researchers, students and advisors of cattle nutrition and feed evaluation.
Author: R. S. Park
Publisher: Brill Wageningen Academic
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
"This book is essential reading for all those involved in forage conservation and provides a fascinating insight into current practices and the science underpinning forage conservation. Key subject areas include opportunities to enhance the fermentation process through crop manipulation prior to ensiling and the use of bacterial additives applied during ensiling. Latest developments in techniques for chemical and biological characterisation of silages are reviewed, including grass silage, alternative forages (whole crop wheat and maize silage) and tropical forages. The book also focuses on current developments in feeding of beef and dairy cattle with conserved forage with particular emphasis on factors influencing intake, digestion and animal performance. Overall this is an important reference book, which provides an excellent overview of current developments in forage conservation and utilization of conserved forage in animal production systems."
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309069971
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 406
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Book Description
This widely used reference has been updated and revamped to reflect the changing face of the dairy industry. New features allow users to pinpoint nutrient requirements more accurately for individual animals. The committee also provides guidance on how nutrient analysis of feed ingredients, insights into nutrient utilization by the animal, and formulation of diets to reduce environmental impacts can be applied to productive management decisions. The book includes a user-friendly computer program on a compact disk, accompanied by extensive context-sensitive "Help" options, to simulate the dynamic state of animals. The committee addresses important issues unique to dairy science-the dry or transition cow, udder edema, milk fever, low-fat milk, calf dehydration, and more. The also volume covers dry matter intake, including how to predict feed intake. It addresses the management of lactating dairy cows, utilization of fat in calf and lactation diets, and calf and heifer replacement nutrition. In addition, the many useful tables include updated nutrient composition for commonly used feedstuffs.
