Author: Wei Lu (Transportation engineer)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Compliance
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Book Description
Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZ) based macroscopic simulation studies are mostly applied in evacuation planning and operation areas. The large size in TAZ and aggregated information of macroscopic simulation underestimate the real evacuation performance. To take advantage of the high resolution demographic data LandScan USA (the zone size is much smaller than TAZ) and agent-based microscopic traffic simulation models, many new problems appeared and novel solutions are needed. A series of studies are conducted using LandScan USA Population Cells (LPC) data for evacuation assignments with different network configurations, travel demand models, and travelers' compliance behavior. First, a new Multiple-Source-Nearest-Destination Shortest Path (MSNDSP) problem is defined for generating Origin-Destination (OD) matrix in evacuation assignments when using LandScan dataset. A new Super Node based Trip Generator (SNTG) algorithm is developed to significantly improve the computational performance in generating OD pairs. Second, a new agent-based traffic assignment framework using LandScan and TRANSIMS modules is proposed for evacuation planning and operation study. Impact analysis on traffic analysis area resolutions (TAZ vs. LPC), evacuation start times (daytime vs. nighttime), and departure time choice models (normal S-shape model vs. location based model) are studied. Third, based on the proposed framework, multi-scale network configurations (two levels of road networks and two scales of zone sizes) and three routing schemes (shortest network distance, highway biased, and shortest straight-line distance routes) are implemented for the evacuation performance comparison studies. Fourth, to study the impact of human behavior under evacuation operations, travelers' compliance behavior with compliance levels from total complied to total non-complied are analyzed. Finally, an experimental study of using vehicular communication techniques in a car sharing system is conducted, which can be used to provide real-time road information for evacuees to choose their own best evacuation routes.
Author: Zhishen Wu
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000057941
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
With rapid urbanization in developing countries and the emergence of smart systems and integrated intelligent devices, the new generation of infrastructure will be smarter and more efficient. However, due to natural and anthropomorphic hazards, as well as the adverse impact of climate change, civil infrastructure systems are increasingly vulnerable. Therefore, future-proofing and designing resilience into infrastructure is one of the biggest challenges facing the industry and governments in all developing and industrialized societies. This book provides a comprehensive overview of infrastructure resiliency, new developments in this emerging field and its scopes, including ecology and sustainability, and the challenges involved in building more resilient civil infrastructure systems. Moreover, it introduces a strategic roadmap for effective and efficient methods needed for modeling, designing, and assessing resiliency. Features: Includes contributions from internationally recognized scholars in the emerging field of infrastructure resilience. Covers a broad range of topics in infrastructure resilience such as disaster assessment, civil infrastructure and lifeline systems, natural hazard mitigation, and seismic protection. Includes practical global case studies and leading-edge research from several countries. Presents an interdisciplinary approach in addressing the challenges in the emerging field of infrastructure resilience Resilience of Critical Infrastructure Systems: Emerging Developments and Future Challenges serves as a valuable resource for practicing professionals, researchers, and advanced students seeking practical, forward-looking guidance.
Author: National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 410
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Weights and measures
Languages : en
Pages : 476
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Book Description
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic government information
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Book Description
Author: United States. National Bureau of Standards
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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Book Description
Author: United States. National Bureau of Standards
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Book Description
Author: Richard D. Peacock
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441997253
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 862
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Book Description
An aging population, increasing obesity and more people with mobility impairments are bringing new challenges to the management of routine and emergency people movement in many countries. These population challenges, coupled with the innovative designs being suggested for both the built environment and other commonly used structures (e.g., transportation systems) and the increasingly complex incident scenarios of fire, terrorism, and large-scale community disasters, provide even greater challenges to population management and safety. Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, an edited volume, is based on the Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics (PED) 5th International 2010 conference, March 8th-10th 2010, located at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA. This volume addresses both pedestrian and evacuation dynamics and associated human behavior to provide answers for policy makers, designers, and emergency management to help solve real world problems in this rapidly developing field. Data collection, analysis, and model development of people movement and behavior during nonemergency and emergency situations will be covered as well.
Author: Harindra Joseph Fernando
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466591145
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1197
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Book Description
With major implications for applied physics, engineering, and the natural and social sciences, the rapidly growing area of environmental fluid dynamics focuses on the interactions of human activities, environment, and fluid motion. A landmark for the field, this two-volume handbook presents the basic principles, fundamental flow processes, modeling techniques, and measurement methods used in the field, along with critical discussions of environmental sustainability related to engineering aspects. The first volume provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals, and the second volume explores the interactions between engineered structures and natural flows.
Author: Harindra Joseph Fernando
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439816697
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 638
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Book Description
With major implications for applied physics, engineering, and the natural and social sciences, the rapidly growing area of environmental fluid dynamics focuses on the interactions of human activities, environment, and fluid motion. A landmark for the field, the two-volume Handbook of Environmental Fluid Dynamics presents the basic principles, fundamental flow processes, modeling techniques, and measurement methods used in the study of environmental motions. It also offers critical discussions of environmental sustainability related to engineering. The handbook features 81 chapters written by 135 renowned researchers from around the world. Covering environmental, policy, biological, and chemical aspects, it tackles important cross-disciplinary topics such as sustainability, ecology, pollution, micrometeorology, and limnology. Volume One: Overview and Fundamentals provides a comprehensive overview of the basic principles. It starts with general topics that emphasize the relevance of environmental fluid dynamics research in society, public policy, infrastructure, quality of life, security, and the law. It then discusses established and emerging focus areas. The volume also examines the sub-mesoscale flow processes and phenomena that form the building blocks of environmental motions, with emphasis on turbulent motions and their role in heat, momentum, and species transport. As communities face existential challenges posed by climate change, rapid urbanization, and scarcity of water and energy, the study of environmental fluid dynamics becomes increasingly relevant. This volume is a valuable resource for students, researchers, and policymakers working to better understand the fundamentals of environmental motions and how they affect and are influenced by anthropogenic activities. See also Handbook of Environmental Fluid Dynamics, Two-Volume Set and Volume Two: Systems, Pollution, Modeling, and Measurements.
