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Author: Julie Giannino
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
Corrosion is the greatest problem facing steel bridges today. Corrosion is caused by the interaction of steel and atmospheric conditions. It can be prevented by adding a protective layer to the steel or by using a protective steel, collectively known as corrosion protection systems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of six of the most common corrosion protection systems: uncoated weathering steel (UWS), uncoated stainless steel, galvanizing, metallizing, 1-coat inorganic zinc paint, and a 3-coat organic zinc paint system, in relatively corrosive environments. The severely corrosive environments considered in this research are coastal environments where natural chlorides are present and environments where chlorides are present via the high use of deicing salts. Performance was evaluated first through a statistical analysis of existing field data and subsequently through implementation of laboratory accelerated corrosion testing on each of the corrosion protection systems for 80 cycles, representing 80 years in the field. The statistical analysis of field data showed the relative ranking in order of descending performance to be: galvanizing, UWS, then paint, with metallizing having variable performance over different age ranges; this ranking was affirmed by longevity estimates determined through laboratory testing when lower, more conservative percent mass loss and percent rusted benchmarks were used to determine the longevity estimates. Stainless steel corroded more than expected during laboratory testing and requires further investigation. The implications of the longevity estimates show that steel can provide a long service life even in a relatively severe environment. Use of any of these corrosion protection systems can improve performance, increase service life, decrease required maintenance, and provide economical steel bridges.
Author: Julie Giannino
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
Corrosion is the greatest problem facing steel bridges today. Corrosion is caused by the interaction of steel and atmospheric conditions. It can be prevented by adding a protective layer to the steel or by using a protective steel, collectively known as corrosion protection systems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of six of the most common corrosion protection systems: uncoated weathering steel (UWS), uncoated stainless steel, galvanizing, metallizing, 1-coat inorganic zinc paint, and a 3-coat organic zinc paint system, in relatively corrosive environments. The severely corrosive environments considered in this research are coastal environments where natural chlorides are present and environments where chlorides are present via the high use of deicing salts. Performance was evaluated first through a statistical analysis of existing field data and subsequently through implementation of laboratory accelerated corrosion testing on each of the corrosion protection systems for 80 cycles, representing 80 years in the field. The statistical analysis of field data showed the relative ranking in order of descending performance to be: galvanizing, UWS, then paint, with metallizing having variable performance over different age ranges; this ranking was affirmed by longevity estimates determined through laboratory testing when lower, more conservative percent mass loss and percent rusted benchmarks were used to determine the longevity estimates. Stainless steel corroded more than expected during laboratory testing and requires further investigation. The implications of the longevity estimates show that steel can provide a long service life even in a relatively severe environment. Use of any of these corrosion protection systems can improve performance, increase service life, decrease required maintenance, and provide economical steel bridges.
Author: P.J.M. Monteiro
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080535593
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 313
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Book Description
"Long Term Durability of Structural Materials" features proceedings of the workshop held at Berkeley, CA in October, 2000. It brought together engineers and scientists, who have received grants from the initiative NSF 98-42, to share their results on the study of long-term durability of materials and structures. The major objective was to develop new methods for accelerated short-term laboratory or in-situ tests which allow accurate, reliable, predictions of the long-term performance of materials, machines and structures. To achieve this goal it was important to understand the fundamental nature of the deterioration and damage processes in materials and to develop innovative ways to model the behavior of these processes as they affect the life and long-term performance of components, machines and structures. The researchers discussed their approach to include size effects in scaling up from laboratory specimens to actual structures. Accelerated testing and durability modeling techniques developed were validated by comparing their results with performance under actual operating conditions. The main mechanism of the deterioration discussed included environmental effects and/or exposure to loads, speeds and other operating conditions that are not fully anticipated in the original design. A broad range of deterioration damage, such as fatigue, overload, ultraviolet damage, corrosion, and wear was presented. A broad range of materials of interest was also discussed, including the full spectrum of construction materials, metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, and coatings. Emphasis was placed on scale-dependence and history of fabrication on resulting mechanical behavior of materials.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges, Iron and steel
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
The recently promulgated environmental regulations concerning volatile organic compounds (VOC) and certain hazardous heavy metals have had a great impact on the bridge painting industry. As a response to these regulations, many of the major coating manufacturers now offer "environmentally acceptable" alternative coating systems to replace those traditionally used on bridge structures. The Federal Highway Administration sponsored a 7-year study to determine the relative corrosion control performance of these newly available coating systems. The most promising coating systems were selected for long-term field evaluation based on accelerated test performance. The long-term exposure testing was conducted for 5 years in three marine locations. Panels were exposed on two bridges, one in New Jersey and one in southern Louisiana. The third long-term exposure location was in Sea Isle City, New Jersey. Thirteen coating systems were included for long-term exposure testing.
Author: J. Peter Ault
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780309698788
Category : Corrosion and anti-corrosives
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"This report presents recommendations for the use of duplex coatings for corrosion protection of new and existing steel bridges. These recommendations are based on case studies, laboratory testing, and users' input. The recommendations provide bridge owners and practitioners with a resource to help increase the service life of coated steel bridges." -- publisher's website
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cathodic protection
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
This is the final report in a study to demonstrate the feasibility of using cathodic protection (CP) on concrete bridge structures containing prestressed steel. The interim report, FHWA-RD-95-032, has more details on the installation of selected CP systems. Past laboratory and test yard studies had indicated that overprotection could result in the evolution of atomic hydrogen and the embrittlement of prestressing steel. Systems utilizing catalyzed titanium mesh, conductive rubber, and arc-sprayed zinc anodes were installed on prestressed pilings and girders of the Howard Frankland Bridge in Tampa, Florida; and systems using flame-sprayed zinc and conductive paint anodes were installed on the soffit of prestressed box beams of the Abbey Road and West 130th Street bridges near Cleveland, Ohio. For most of the components tested, CP was achieved safely and reliably without reaching conditions that could result in embrittlement of prestressed steel.
Author: California. Office of Transportation Laboratory
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Book Description
Author: M. J. Ryall
Publisher: Thomas Telford
ISBN: 9780727727749
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1046
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Book Description
- Bridge type, behaviour and appearance David Bennett, David Bennett Associates · History of bridge development · Bridge form · Behaviour - Loads and load distribution Mike Ryall, University of Surrey · Brief history of loading specifications · Current code specification · Load distribution concepts · Influence lines - Analysis Professor R Narayanan, Consulting Engineer · Simple beam analysis · Distribution co-efficients · Grillage method · Finite elements · Box girder analysis: steel and concrete · Dynamics - Design of reinforced concrete bridges Dr Paul Jackson, Gifford and Partners · Right slab · Skew slab · Beam and slab · Box - Design of prestressed concrete bridges Nigel Hewson, Hyder Consulting · Pretensioned beams · Beam and slab · Pseduo slab · Post tensioned concrete beams · Box girders - Design of steel bridges Gerry Parke and John Harding, University of Surrey · Plate girders · Box girders · Orthotropic plates · Trusses - Design of composite bridges David Collings, Robert Benaim and Associates · Steel beam and concrete · Steel box and concrete · Timber and concrete - Design of arch bridges Professor Clive Melbourne, University of Salford · Analysis · Masonry · Concrete · Steel · Timber - Seismic analysis of design Professor Elnashai, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine · Modes of failure in previous earthquakes · Conceptual design issues · Brief review of seismic design codes - Cable stayed bridges - Daniel Farquhar, Mott Macdonald · Analysis · Design · Construction - Suspension bridges Vardaman Jones and John Howells, High Point Rendel · Analysis · Design · Construction - Moving bridges Charles Birnstiel, Consulting engineer · History · Types · Special problems - Substructures Peter Lindsell, Peter Lindsell and Associates · Abutments · Piers - Other structural elements Robert Broome et al, WS Atkins · Parapets · Bearings · Expansion joints - Protection Mike Mulheren, University of Surrey · Drainage · Waterproofing · Protective coating/systems for concrete · Painting system for steel · Weathering steel · Scour protection · Impact protection - Management systems and strategies Perrie Vassie, Transport Research Laboratory · Inspection · Assessment · Testing · Rate of deterioration · Optimal maintenance programme · Prioritisation · Whole life costing · Risk analysis - Inspection, monitoring, and assessment Charles Abdunur, Laboratoire Central Des Ponts et Chaussées · Main causes of deterioration · Investigation methods · Structural evaluation tests · Stages of structural assessment · Preparing for recalculation - Repair and Strengthening John Darby, Consulting Engineer · Repair of concrete structures · Metal structures · Masonry structures · Replacement of structures
Author: Tom W. Neal
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
ISBN: 9780309061148
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 100
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Book Description
This synthesis will be of interest to state department of transportation (DOT) bridge maintenance engineers, coating specialists, chemists, and researchers. Manufacturers and suppliers of corrosion protection products and systems for exposed structural steel on existing bridges will also find it of interest. This synthesis describes current practice regarding maintenance and protection strategies for exposed structural steel on existing bridges. NCHRP Synthesis 251, Lead-Based Paint Removal for Steel Highway Bridges ( 1997), provides a complementary and more in-depth treatment of maintenance issues involving lead-based paint removal. This report of the Transportation Research Board defines the maintenance management systems and decision making criteria used by transportation agencies for maintaining exposed bridge steel. Material selection criteria, surface preparation and application practices, quality control and quality assurance programs, and funding mechanisms are discussed in detail. The impact of recent and proposed environmental and worker protection regulations on current practice is reported. Information for the synthesis was collected by surveying state transportation agencies and by conducting a literature search. Responses to the survey, Appendix C to this document, are published on the Internet as NCHRP Web Document 11.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Dept. of Transportation and Related Agencies Appropriations
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : United States
Languages : en
Pages : 1036
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Book Description
Author: Matthew O'Reilly
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 522
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Book Description
"The performance of corrosion protection systems for reinforcing steel in concrete is evaluated. In addition to conventional and conventional epoxy-coated reinforcement, the corrosion protection systems tested include epoxy coatings with improved adhesion to the underlying steel, conventional and conventional epoxy-coated reinforcement used in conjunction with concrete containing one of three corrosion inhibitors, DCI-S, Rheocrete 222+, or Hycrete, epoxy-coated reinforcement with a microencapsulated calcium nitrite primer, multiple-coated reinforcement with a layer of zinc between the epoxy and steel, and pickled 2205 duplex stainless steel. The systems are evaluated using bench-scale and field tests. Two bridges in Kansas, cast with 2205 stainless steel, are monitored using corrosion potential mapping. Epoxy-coated and multiplecoated bars are evaluated to determine the effect of corrosion loss and time on the disbondment of the epoxy coating. Conventional, galvanized, and epoxy-coated reinforcement are evaluated using impressed current to determine the corrosion loss required to crack concrete for each system. A finite element model is developed to represent general and localized corrosion, and the results are used to develop a relationship between concrete cover, bar diameter, and area of bar corroding, and the corrosion loss required to crack concrete. An analysis of pore solutions expressed from cement pastes containing corrosion inhibitors is performed, with pH and selected ion concentrations measured from solutions collected one and seven days after casting. The results obtained from bench-scale and field test specimens are used to estimate cost effectiveness for each system under a 75-year service life. The results show epoxy coatings significantly reduce the corrosion rate compared to conventional reinforcement. Corrosion inhibitors significantly reduce corrosion rates in uncracked concrete. In cracked concrete, corrosion inhibitors also reduce corrosion rates, but their relative effectiveness is reduced. Specimens containing Hycrete exhibit the lowest corrosion rates; however, field specimens containing Hycrete also show signs of scaling. Epoxies with improved adhesion exhibit no improvement over conventional epoxy-coated reinforcement in terms of corrosion rate or disbondment of the epoxy coating. Multiple-coated reinforcement exhibits significantly less disbondment than epoxy-coated reinforcement. Pickled 2205 reinforcement exhibits the least corrosion among all systems tested. Testing of conventional and galvanized reinforcement indicates galvanized reinforcement requires more than twice as much corrosion loss to crack the surrounding concrete compared to conventional reinforcement."--Technical report documentation page.
