Differences by Victim Race and Ethnicity in Race and Ethnicity Motivated Violent Bias Crimes PDF Download
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Author: Robert A. Tessler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Book Description
Background. Over 80% of bias motivated violent victimization is motivated by race or ethnicity and over 50% of bias victimization occurs in Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). Our aim was to determine the risk and health impacts of race/ethnicity motivated violent victimization by victim race/ethnicity. Methods. We examined data from the National Crime Victimization Survey (2003-2015) to estimate violent victimization risk by victim race/ethnicity and type of bias motivation (race/ethnicity or other). We examined incident and offender characteristics for race/ethnicity motivated victimization by victim race/ethnicity. Results. The risk of race/ethnicity motivated violent victimization was greater for Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) and Hispanics than for NHWs (IRR=1.4; 95% CI: 1.0-2.0, and IRR=1.6; 95% CI: 1.2-2.1). Violent incidents for NHB victims more frequently resulted in injury or medical care. Nearly 40% of NHB victims reported difficulties at school or work related to the incident where only 21.5% of NHWs and 11.7% of Hispanic victims reported similar problems. Roughly 37% of NHB victims identified a NHW offender and 45% of NHW victims identified a NHB offender. Hispanic victims identified NHB or NHW offenders in over 70% of incidents. Conclusions. Although literature suggests that NHWs account for the majority of bias victimizations, the risk of non-fatal violent victimization motivated by race/ethnicity is greater for Non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics. Crimes perpetrated against NHBs are likely more severe and victim/offender racial incongruity is common. Findings provide empiric evidence on race/ethnicity-related structural disadvantage with adverse health consequences.
Author: Robert A. Tessler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Book Description
Background. Over 80% of bias motivated violent victimization is motivated by race or ethnicity and over 50% of bias victimization occurs in Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). Our aim was to determine the risk and health impacts of race/ethnicity motivated violent victimization by victim race/ethnicity. Methods. We examined data from the National Crime Victimization Survey (2003-2015) to estimate violent victimization risk by victim race/ethnicity and type of bias motivation (race/ethnicity or other). We examined incident and offender characteristics for race/ethnicity motivated victimization by victim race/ethnicity. Results. The risk of race/ethnicity motivated violent victimization was greater for Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) and Hispanics than for NHWs (IRR=1.4; 95% CI: 1.0-2.0, and IRR=1.6; 95% CI: 1.2-2.1). Violent incidents for NHB victims more frequently resulted in injury or medical care. Nearly 40% of NHB victims reported difficulties at school or work related to the incident where only 21.5% of NHWs and 11.7% of Hispanic victims reported similar problems. Roughly 37% of NHB victims identified a NHW offender and 45% of NHW victims identified a NHB offender. Hispanic victims identified NHB or NHW offenders in over 70% of incidents. Conclusions. Although literature suggests that NHWs account for the majority of bias victimizations, the risk of non-fatal violent victimization motivated by race/ethnicity is greater for Non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics. Crimes perpetrated against NHBs are likely more severe and victim/offender racial incongruity is common. Findings provide empiric evidence on race/ethnicity-related structural disadvantage with adverse health consequences.
Author: Darnell F. Hawkins
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521626743
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 464
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Book Description
Analysts have long noted that some societies have much higher rates of criminal violence than others. They have also observed that the risk of being a victim or a perpetrator of violent crime varies considerably from one individual to another. In societies with ethnically and racially diverse populations, some ethnic and racial groups have been reported to have higher rates of violent offending and victimization than other groups. This series of essays explores the extent and causes of racial and ethnic differences in violent crime in the United States and several other contemporary societies.
Author: Nathaniel J. Pallone
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN:
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Book Description
Nine studies by US, Canadian, and Australian academics are conducted on the following subjects: blacks and whites as victims and offenders in aggressive crimes in the US, race and the death penalty, violent behavior in African American youth, a comparison of the behaviors and social environments of offending and non-offending African American adolescents, identity breakdown and criminality among African Americans, moral reasoning among black and white domestic violence offenders, fear of crime among Canadian aboriginals, rehabilitation programs for Australian aboriginal offenders, and violence against gays and lesbians. Each study is loaded with statistics and tables, preceded by an abstract, and followed by a list of references. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Erika Harrell
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437924239
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Book Description
This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. During the 5-year period from 2001 to 2005, comparative non-fatal violent victimizations showed: Black males were more vulnerable to violent victimization than black females; Younger blacks were generally more likely than older blacks to be victims of violence; Blacks in households with lower annual incomes were at a greater risk of violence than those in households with higher annual incomes; Blacks living in urban areas were more likely than those in suburban or rural areas to be victims of violence. Black victims of homicide were most likely to be male and between ages 17 and 29. Homicides against blacks were more likely than those against whites to occur in highly populated areas, including cities and suburbs. Charts and tables.
Author: Georgios Antonopoulos
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317072030
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 241
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Book Description
This book investigates the phenomenon of racist victimization in a number of countries, uncovering and analyzing its historical roots, its relation to the legal system in a particular national context, its extent and the response to it. Through the international comparative approach adopted and the broad geographical range of studies presented, including national settings which have so far been largely ignored by the literature on racist victimization, the volume offers a truly international perspective on an important social, political and academic issue. As such, Racist Victimization: International Reflections and Perspectives will constitute essential reading not only for sociologists and socio-legal scholars, but for anyone working in the field of race and ethnicity, crime and justice, criminology, victimology or policing.
Author: Ramiro Martinez, Jr.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119114012
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 582
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Book Description
This Handbook presents current and future studies on the changing dynamics of the role of immigrants and the impact of immigration, across the United States and industrialized and developing nations. It covers the changing dynamics of race, ethnicity, and immigration, and discusses how it all contributes to variations in crime, policing, and the overall justice system. Through acknowledging that some groups, especially people of color, are disproportionately influenced more than others in the case of criminal justice reactions, the “War on Drugs”, and hate crimes; this Handbook introduces the importance of studying race and crime so as to better understand it. It does so by recommending that researchers concentrate on ethnic diversity in a national and international context in order to broaden their demographic and expand their understanding of how to attain global change. Featuring contributions from top experts in the field, The Handbook of Race and Crime is presented in five sections—An Overview of Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Justice; Theoretical Perspectives on Race and Crime; Race, Gender, and the Justice System; Gender and Crime; and Race, Gender and Comparative Criminology. Each section of the book addresses a key area of research, summarizes findings or shortcomings whenever possible, and provides new results relevant to race/crime and justice. Every contribution is written by a top expert in the field and based on the latest research. With a sharp focus on contemporary race, ethnicity, crime, and justice studies, The Handbook of Race and Crime is the ideal reference for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and scholars interested in the disciplines such as Criminology, Race and Ethnicity, Race and the Justice System, and the Sociology of Race.
Author: Shaun Gabbidon
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135398631
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Book Description
A comprehensive collection of the essential writings on race and crime, this important Reader spans more than a century and clearly demonstrates the long-standing difficulties minorities have faced with the justice system. The editors skillfully draw on the classic work of such thinkers as W.E.B. DuBois and Gunnar Myrdal as well as the contemporary work of scholars such as Angela Davis, Joan Petersilia, John Hagen and Robert Sampson. This anthology also covers all of the major topics and issues from policing, courts, drugs and urban violence to inequality, racial profiling and capital punishment. This is required reading for courses in criminology and criminal justice, legal studies, sociology, social work and race.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hate crimes
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Book Description
Author: Akwasi Owusu-Bempah
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317415035
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 151
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Book Description
Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Justice: An International Dilemma, Second Edition, takes a unique comparative approach to the exploration of race- and ethnicity-related justice issues in five countries around the world. Using the colonial model as a theoretical lens, Owusu-Bempah and Gabbidon analyse data from Great Britain, the United States, Canada, Australia, and South Africa. These international case studies help students contextualize race and justice issues within and across nations. Concise historical framing illuminates today’s racial dynamics in these diverse justice systems, and accessible theory grounds the comparison of crime and justice data from the early 21st century with current statistics. A new concluding chapter revisits the question of where these nations fit in the global context of state and non-state actors and of ethnic and racial justice issues. This new edition is suitable for use as a core or supplemental text for advanced undergraduates and early graduate courses on race and crime, minorities and criminal justice, diversity in criminal justice, and comparative justice systems. It is also appropriate for use in sociology and ethnic studies courses that focus on race and crime.
Author: Clara S. Lewis
Publisher: Rutgers University Press
ISBN: 0813562325
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 169
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Book Description
Why do we know every gory crime scene detail about such victims as Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. and yet almost nothing about the vast majority of other hate crime victims? Now that federal anti-hate-crimes laws have been passed, why has the number of these crimes not declined significantly? To answer such questions, Clara S. Lewis challenges us to reconsider our understanding of hate crimes. In doing so, she raises startling issues about the trajectory of civil and minority rights. Tough on Hate is the first book to examine the cultural politics of hate crimes both within and beyond the law. Drawing on a wide range of sources—including personal interviews, unarchived documents, television news broadcasts, legislative debates, and presidential speeches—the book calls attention to a disturbing irony: the sympathetic attention paid to certain shocking hate crime murders further legitimizes an already pervasive unwillingness to act on the urgent civil rights issues of our time. Worse still, it reveals the widespread acceptance of ideas about difference, tolerance, and crime that work against future progress on behalf of historically marginalized communities.
