Dielectric and Pyroelectric Properties of Titanium and Tungsten-doped Lead Magnesium Niobate PDF Download
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Author: Daniel Raiford Wilson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"It is well known that perovskite lead magnesium niobate (PMN) must undergo unusual processing techniques to be reproducibly synthesized. This research successfully used the Columbite precursor method to produce 98% pyrochlore-free perovskite PMN. Annealing of the samples to eliminate excess lead oxide from the grain boundary was rendered unnecessary when powders were properly dispersed and filtered. Thus, it was unnecessary to add excess PbO to achieve high density PMN with superior electrical properties. An excess of 0.5 wt% MgO was added to all compositions to reduce pyrochlore formation, to improve densification, and to improve electrical properties. Lead titanate (PT) was added to the PMN compositions in amounts ranging from 11 to 14 mole%. These additions resulted in improvement in both dielectric and pyroelectric properties. The temperature where the maximum dielectric constant occurred also increased, corresponding to an upward shift in the phase transition, while dielectric losses were unaffected. Improvements were also seen in the remnant polarization and maximum pyroelectric coefficient. Additions of lead tungstate (PW) were also studied in two of the PMN-PT solid solutions. These samples showed lower values of the maximum dielectric constant, as well as lower temperatures of this maximum. Likewise, remnant polarization and maximum pyroelectric coefficient decreased"--Abstract, leaf iii
Author: Daniel Raiford Wilson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"It is well known that perovskite lead magnesium niobate (PMN) must undergo unusual processing techniques to be reproducibly synthesized. This research successfully used the Columbite precursor method to produce 98% pyrochlore-free perovskite PMN. Annealing of the samples to eliminate excess lead oxide from the grain boundary was rendered unnecessary when powders were properly dispersed and filtered. Thus, it was unnecessary to add excess PbO to achieve high density PMN with superior electrical properties. An excess of 0.5 wt% MgO was added to all compositions to reduce pyrochlore formation, to improve densification, and to improve electrical properties. Lead titanate (PT) was added to the PMN compositions in amounts ranging from 11 to 14 mole%. These additions resulted in improvement in both dielectric and pyroelectric properties. The temperature where the maximum dielectric constant occurred also increased, corresponding to an upward shift in the phase transition, while dielectric losses were unaffected. Improvements were also seen in the remnant polarization and maximum pyroelectric coefficient. Additions of lead tungstate (PW) were also studied in two of the PMN-PT solid solutions. These samples showed lower values of the maximum dielectric constant, as well as lower temperatures of this maximum. Likewise, remnant polarization and maximum pyroelectric coefficient decreased"--Abstract, leaf iii
Author: Wade H. Shafer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461303931
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 427
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Book Description
Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS)* at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dis semination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 39 (thesis year 1994) a total of 13,953 thesis titles from 21 Canadian and 159 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this impor tant annual reference work. While Volume 39 reports theses submitted in 1994, on occasion, certain uni versities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
Author: William E. Lee
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1040294588
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Book Description
Proceedings of the Symposium Held as Part of the Condensed Matter and Materials Physics Conference, on the 20-22 December 1993, at the University of Leeds. The man focus was Electroceramics - Production, properties and microstructures.
Author: T. F. Connolly
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468462105
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 713
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Book Description
Research on ferroelectricity and ferroelectric materials started in 1920 with the discovery by Valasek that the variation of spontaneous polarization in Rochelle salt with sign and magnitude of an applied electric field traced a complete and reproducible hysteresis loop. Activity in the field was sporadic until 1935, when Busch and co-workers announced the observation of similar behavior in potassium dihydrogen phosphate and related compounds. Progress thereafter continued at a modest level with the undertaking of some theoretical as well as further experimental studies. In 1944, von Hippel and co-workers discovered ferroelectricity in barium titanate. The technological importance of ceramic barium titanate and other perovskites led to an upsurge of interest, with many new ferroelectrics being identified in the following decade. By 1967, about 2000 papers on various aspects of ferroelectricity had been published. The bulk of this widely dispersed literature was concerned with the experimental measurement of dielectric, crystallographic, thermal, electromechanical, elastic, optical, and magnetic properties. A critical and excellently organized cpmpilation based on these data appeared in 1969 with the publica tion of Landolt-Bornstein, Volume 111/3. This superb tabulation gave instant access to the results in the literature on nearly 450 pure substances and solid solutions of ferroelectric and antiferroelectric materials. Continuing interest in ferroelectrics, spurred by the growing importance of electrooptic crystals, resulted in the publication of almost as many additional papers by the end of 1969 as had been surveyed in Landolt-Bornstein.
Author: T. F. Connolly
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475706987
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 692
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Book Description
This volume is a joint effort of the Research Materials Information Center (RMIC) of the Solid State Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the Libraries and Information Systems Center at Bell Telephone Laboratories (BTL) Murray Hill, N. J. The Research Materials Information Center has, since 1963, been answering inquiries on the avail ability, preparation, and properties of inorganic solid-state research materials. The preparation of bibliographies has been essential to this function, and the interest in ferroelectrics led to the compila tion of the journal and report literature on that subject. The 1962 book Ferroelectric Crystals, by Jona and Shirane, was taken as a cutoff point, and all papers through mid-1969 received by the Center have been included. The Libraries and Information Systems Center of BTL has, over a period of years, developed a proprie tary package of computer programs called BELDEX, which formats and generates indexes to biblio graphic material. This group therefore undertook to process RMIC's ferroelectric references by BELDEX so that both laboratories could have the benefit of an indexed basic bibliography in this important research area.
Author: A. Bell
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780901716422
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 364
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Book Description
"Proceedings of the Symposium held as part of the Condensed Matter and Materials Conference in 1993." Contents include: ferroelectric thin films for integrated device applications; effect of thermal processing conditions on the structure and properties of sol-gel derived PZT thin layers; citrate gel-route processing of ZnO varistors; development and evaluation of oxide cathodes for ceramic fuel cell operation at intermediate temperatures; monitoring the integrity of MOS gate oxides.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ceramics
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
Author: Robert E. Newnham
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198520751
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 391
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Book Description
Crystals are sometimes called 'Flowers of the Mineral Kingdom'. In addition to their great beauty, crystals and other textured materials are enormously useful in electronics, optics, acoustics and many other engineering applications. This richly illustrated text describes the underlying principles of crystal physics and chemistry, covering a wide range of topics and illustrating numerous applications in many fields of engineering using the most important materials today. Tensors, matrices, symmetry and structure-property relationships form the main subjects of the book. While tensors and matrices provide the mathematical framework for understanding anisotropy, on which the physical and chemical properties of crystals and textured materials often depend, atomistic arguments are also needed to quantify the property coefficients in various directions. The atomistic arguments are partly based on symmetry and partly on the basic physics and chemistry of materials. After introducing the point groups appropriate for single crystals, textured materials and ordered magnetic structures, the directional properties of many different materials are described: linear and nonlinear elasticity, piezoelectricity and electrostriction, magnetic phenomena, diffusion and other transport properties, and both primary and secondary ferroic behavior. With crystal optics (its roots in classical mineralogy) having become an important component of the information age, nonlinear optics is described along with the piexo-optics, magneto-optics, and analogous linear and nonlinear acoustic wave phenomena. Enantiomorphism, optical activity, and chemical anisotropy are discussed in the final chapters of the book.
Author: Masanori Okuyama
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540241638
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
Ferroelectric thin films continue to attract much attention due to their developing applications in memory devices, FeRAM, infrared sensors, piezoelectric sensors and actuators. This book, aimed at students, researchers and developers, gives detailed information about the basic properties of these materials and the associated device physics. The contributing authors are acknowledged experts in the field.
Author: Ashok K. Batra
Publisher: SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
ISBN: 9780819493316
Category : Pyroelectric detectors
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Contains comprehensive cutting-edge information on pyroelectric materials and their preparation, properties and applications, such as uncooled wideband infrared detectors, particle generators and ambient energy harvesters. The complete lifecycle of a pyroelectric material is presented - from the theory of operation, to structure and processing and applications - providing a cohesive overview of all of the necessary concepts, including theoretical background and current developments.
