Antimanifestum Bavaricum, darinn die Schwedischen Bevollmächtigte die Ursachen dess gebrochenen Armistitii, die man jhnen ... wollen auffbürden, von sich ablehnen PDF Download
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Languages : en
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Languages : en
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Languages : en
Pages : 15
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SrCeO3- and BaCeO3-based proton conductors have been prepared and their transport properties have been investigated by impedance spectroscopy in conjunction with open circuit voltage and water vapor evolution measurements. BaCe{sub 0.8}Y{sub 0.2}O{sub 3-{delta}} exhibits the highest conductivity in a hydrogen-containing atmosphere; however, its electronic conductivity is not adequate for hydrogen separation in a nongalvanic mode. In an effort to enhance ambipolar conductivity and improve interfacial catalytic properties, BaCe{sub 0.8}Y{sub 0.2}O{sub 3-{delta}} cermets have been fabricated into membranes. The effects of ambipolar conductivity, membrane thickness, and interfacial resistance on permeation rates have been investigated. In particular, the significance of interfacial resistance is emphasized.
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Languages : en
Pages : 5
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The electronic transference numbers of BCY were relatively low when compared with the protonic numbers. At 800 C, a hydrogen flux of only 0.02 cm3/min/cm2 was obtained in an (almost equal to) 2-rnm-thick BCY sample by short-circuiting the two Pt electrodes. We have developed a novel composite system with improved electronic transport, and preliminary measurements indicate that the new membrane materials can be used in a nongalvanic mode to separate hydrogen from gas mixtures. A maximum flux of 0.12 cm3/min/cm2 has been measured at 800 C in the composite material operated in the nongalvanic mode. Currently, work is underway to further enhance the hydrogen flux in the composite membrane materials.
Author: Kang Li
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780470319468
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Ceramic Membranes for Reaction and Separation is the first single-authored guide to the developing area of ceramic membranes. Starting by documenting established procedures of ceramic membrane preparation and characterization, this title then focuses on gas separation. The final chapter covers ceramic membrane reactors;- as distributors and separators, and general engineering considerations. Chapters include key examples to illustrate membrane synthesis, characterisation and applications in industry. Theoretical principles, advantages and disadvantages of using ceramic membranes under the various conditions are discussed where applicable.
Author: Xuefeng Zhu
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3662535343
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 375
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This book is intended to bring together into a single book all aspects of mixed conducting ceramic membranes. It provides a comprehensive description of the fundamentals of mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) membranes from the basic theories and materials to fabrication and characterization technologies. It also covers the potential applications of MIEC membrane technology in industry. This book offers a valuable resource for all scientists and engineers involved in R&D on mixed conducting ceramic membrane technology, as well as other readers who are interested in catalysis in membrane reactor, solid state electrochemistry, solid oxide fuel cells, and related topics. Xuefeng Zhu, PhD, is a Professor at State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. Weishen Yang, PhD, is the team leader for Membrane Catalysis and New Catalytic Materials and a DICP Chair Professor at State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
Author: Meilin Liu
Publisher:
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Category : Electrocatalysis
Languages : en
Pages :
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 9
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Mixed-conducting oxides are used in many applications, including fuel cells, gas separation membranes, sensors, and electrocatalysis. This paper describes mixed-conducting ceramic membranes that are being developed to selectively remove oxygen and hydrogen from gas streams in a nongalvanic mode of operation (i.e., with no electrodes or external power supply). Because of its high combined electronic/ionic conductivity and significant oxygen permeability, the mixed-conducting Sr-Fe-Co oxide (SFC) has been developed for high-purity oxygen separation and/or partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas, i.e., syngas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The electronic and ionic conductivities of SFC were found to be comparable in magnitude and are presented as a function of temperature. The oxygen flux through dense SFC tubes during separation of oxygen from air is compared with the oxygen flux during methane conversion. Unlike SFC, in which the ionic and electronic conductivities are nearly equivalent, BaCe{sub 0.80}Y{sub 0.20}O3 (BCY) exhibits protonic conductivity that is significantly higher than its electronic conductivity. To enhance the electronic conductivity and increase hydrogen permeation, metal powder was combined with the BCY to form a cermet membrane. Nongalvanic permeation of hydrogen through the cermet membrane was demonstrated and characterized as a function of membrane thickness. A sintering aid was developed to avoid interconnected porosity in and improve the mechanical properties of the cermet membrane.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Mixed-conducting oxides have been used in many applications, including fuel cells, gas separation membranes, sensors, and electrocatalysis. The authors are developing a mixed-conducting, dense ceramic membrane for selectively transporting oxygen and hydrogen. Ceramic membranes made of Sr-Fe-Co oxide, which has high combined electronic and oxygen ionic conductions, can be used to selectively transport oxygen during the partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas (syngas, CO + H2). The authors have measured the steady-state oxygen permeability of SrFeCo{sub 0.5}O(subscript x) as a function of oxygen-partial-pressure gradient and temperature. At 900°C, oxygen permeability was (almost equal to)2.5 scc·cm−2·min−1 for a 2.9-mm-thick membrane and this value increases as membrane thickness decreases. The authors have fabricated tubular SrFeCo{sub 0.5}O(subscript x) membranes and operated them at 900°C for>1000 h during conversion of methane into syngas. The hydrogen ion (proton) transport properties of yttria-doped BaCeO3 were investigated by impedance spectroscopy and open-cell voltage measurements. High proton conductivity and a high protonic transference number make yttria-doped BaCeO3 a potential membrane for hydrogen separation.
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Separation of hydrogen from coal gas represents one of the most promising ways to produce alternative sources of fuel. Ceramatec, teamed with CoorsTek and Sandia National Laboratories has developed materials technology for a pressure driven, high temperature proton-electron mixed conducting membrane system to remove hydrogen from the syngas. This system separates high purity hydrogen and isolates high pressure CO2 as the retentate, which is amenable to low cost capture and transport to storage sites. The team demonstrated a highly efficient, pressure-driven hydrogen separation membrane to generate high purity hydrogen from syngas using a novel ceramic-ceramic composite membrane. Recognizing the benefits and limitations of present membrane systems, the all-ceramic system has been developed to address the key technical challenges related to materials performance under actual operating conditions, while retaining the advantages of thermal and process compatibility offered by the ceramic membranes. The feasibility of the concept has already been demonstrated at Ceramatec. This project developed advanced materials composition for potential integration with water gas shift rectors to maximize the hydrogenproduction.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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Thin and dense ceramic membranes fabricated from mixed protonic/electronic conductors can provide a simple, efficient means of separating hydrogen from gas streams and offer an alternative to existing methods of hydrogen recovery. Because mixed electronic/protonic conductors internally transport not only hydrogen (and thus provide the means to separate hydrogen from other gaseous components) but also electrons, hydrogen separation could be achieved in a non-Galvanic mode of operation (i.e., without the need for external electrodes, circuitry, and/or power supply). To be suitable as a hydrogen-permeable membrane, a material must exhibit sufficiently high electronic and protonic conductivities, and these conductivities must be approximately equal to one another to maximize hydrogen permeation through the material. In addition, the material must have sufficient mechanical integrity to withstand normal operating stresses and must be chemically stable under a wide range of gas atmospheres. This talk summarizes results obtained in Argonne's effort to develop material for use as a hydrogen separation membrane. The transport properties of BaCe{sub 0.95}Y{sub 0.05}O{sub 3-{alpha}} (5%-BCY) and SrCe{sub 0.95}Y{sub 0.05}O{sub 3-{alpha}} (5%-SCY) were characterized by impedance spectroscopy, gas permeation, and open-cell voltage measurements. In this presentation, the authors describe the materials selection, synthesis, characterization, and performance evaluation of mixed-conducting dense ceramic membranes for hydrogen separation applications.
