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Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Korean language
Languages : en
Pages : 106
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Korean language
Languages : en
Pages : 106
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Author: Bonnie Jean Dorr
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Computer programming
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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To determine the correct lexical items and syntactical realization associated with the surface form in such cases, the underlying lexical-semantic forms are systematically mapped to the target-language syntactic structures. The model described constitutes a lexical-semantic extention to UNITRAN [Dorr, 1987], a syntactic-based translation system that is bidirectional between Spanish and English."
Author: Bonnie Jean Dorr
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Lexicography
Languages : en
Pages : 21
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Book Description
Current approaches to generation for machine translation make use of direct-replacement templates, large grammars, and knowledge-based inferencing techniques. Not only are rules language-specific, but they are too simplistic to handle sentences that exhibit more complex phenomena. Furthermore, these systems are not easily extendable to other languages because the rules that map the internal representation to the surface form are entirely dependent on both the domain of the system and the language being generated. Finally an adequate interlingual representation has not yet been discovered; thus, knowledge-based inferencing is necessary and syntactic cross-linguistic generalization cannot be exploited. This report introduces a plan for the development of a theoretically based computational scheme of natural language generation for a translation system. The emphasis of the project is the mapping from the lexical conceptual structure of sentences to an underlying or base syntactic structure called deep structure. This approach tackles the problems of thematic and structural divergence, i.e., it allows generation of target language sentences that are not thematically or structurally equivalent to their conceptually equivalent source language counterparts. Two other more secondary tasks, construction of a dictionary and mapping from deep structure to surface structure, will also be discussed. The generator operates on a constrained grammatical theory rather than on a set of surface level transformations. (kr).
Author: David Traum
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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This paper describes a system for generating natural language sentences from an interlingual representation, Lexical Conceptual Structure (LCS). This system has been developed as part of a Chinese-English Machine Translation system, however, it promises to be useful for many other MT language pairs. The generation system has also been used in Cross-Language information retrieval research (Levow et al., 2000). One of the big challenges in Natural Language processing efforts is to be able to make use of existing resources, a big difficulty being the sometimes large differences in syntax, semantics, and ontologies of such resources. A case in point is the interlingua representations used for machine translation and cross-language processing. Such representations are becoming fairly popular, yet there are widely different views about what these languages should be composed of, varying from purely conceptual knowledge-representations, having little to do with the structure of language, to very syntactic representations, maintaining most of the idiosyncracies of the source languages. In our generation system we make use of resources associated with two different (kinds of) interlingua structures: Lexical Conceptual Structures (LCS), and the Abstract Meaning Representations used at USC/ISI (Langkilde and Knight, 1998a).
Author: Bonnie Jean Dorr
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Arc pair grammar
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Abstract: "This report describes the organization and content of lexical information required for the task of machine translation. In particular, the lexical-conceptual basis for UNITRAN, an implemented machine translation system, will be described. UNITRAN uses an underlying form called lexical conceptual structure to perform two difficult, but crucial, tasks: lexical selection (i.e., choosing the appropriate target-language terms for a given source-language sentence) and syntactic realization (i.e., mapping an underlying lexical representation to a corresponding syntactic structure)
Author: Nizar Habash
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
This paper describes a system for generating natural-language sentences from an interlingual representation, Lexical Conceptual Structure (LCS). The system has been developed as part of a Chinese-English Machine Translation system; however, it is designed to be used for many other MT language pairs and Natural Language applications. The contributions of this work include: (1) Development of a language-independent generation system that maximizes efficiency through the use of a hybrid rule-based/statiscal module; (2) Enhancements to an interlingual representation and associated algorithms for interpretation of multiply ambiguous input sentences; (3) Development of an efficient reusable language-independent linearization module with a grammar description language that can be used with other systems; (4) Improvements to an earlier algorithm for hierarchically mapping thematic roles to surface positions; (5) Development of a diagnostic tool for lexicon coverage and correctness and use of the tool for verification of English, Spanish, and Chinese lexicons. An evaluation of translation quality shows comparable performance with commercial translation system. The generation system can also be straightforwardly extended to ther languages and this is demonstrated and evaluated for Spanish.
Author: Bonnie Jean Dorr
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 820
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Author: Makoto Nagao
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 9784274074455
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Author: Bonnie Jean Dorr
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Machine translating
Languages : en
Pages : 74
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Abstract: "This document reports on research conducted at the University of Maryland for the Korean/English Machine Translation (MT) project. The translation approach adopted here is interlingual i.e., a single underlying representation called Lexical Conceptual Structure (LCS) is used for both Korean and English. The primary focus of this investigation concerns the notion of 'parameterization' i.e., a mechanism that accounts for both syntactic and lexical-semantic distinctions between Korean and English. We present our assumptions about the syntactic structure of Korean-type languages vs. English-type languages and describe our investigation of syntactic parameterization for distinguishing between these two types of languages. We also present the details of the LCS structure and describe how this representation is parameterized so that it accomodates both languages. We address critical issues concerning interlingual machine translation such as locative postpositions and the dividing line between the interlingua and the knowledge representation. Difficulties in translation and transliteration of Korean are discussed and complex morphological properties of Korean are presented. Finally, we describe recent work on lexical acquisition and conclude with a discussion about two hypotheses concerning semantic classification that are currently being tested."
Author: F. van Eynde
Publisher: Burns & Oates
ISBN:
Category : Dependency grammar
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
With an increasing necessity for communication on a much wider scale machine translation will be a major growth area in the 1990s. Its relevance for economic development is apparent from the level of attention and funding it is receiving in the US, Canada, Japan and Europe. The key assumption in this book is that machine translation is not merely a mechanical process but in fact requires a high level of linguistic sophistication; the nuances of syntax, semantics and intonation cannot always be conveyed by modern technology. However, practical reality has ensured that machine translation will be a major growth area in the 1990s with an increasing necessity for communication on a much wider scale. The importance of machine translation for economic development can be seen by the level of expenditure already being pumped into the area in Japan. This fascinating volume is the result of research by the Linguistics Group of the Eurotra Project, an EC funded project for machine translation between the EC languages. -- Publisher description.
