Development of a Test Procedure for Freeze-Thaw Durability of Geomaterials Stabilized With Fly Ash PDF Download
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Author: M. G. Rosa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fly ash
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
The objective of this research was to develop a freeze-thaw cycling test procedure and to investigate how the volume, moisture content, resilient modulus (Mr), and unconfined compressive strength (qu) of geomaterials, including soils and recycled materials, stabilized with fly ash change after freeze-thaw cycling. Three different types of materials (fine-grained and coarse-grained soils and recycled pavement materials) and five different fly ashes were used at different percentages (10, 12, 14, and 20 % by dry weight). Both one-dimensional and three-dimensional freezing of the specimens were considered. Freezing in three-dimensional was faster in terms of completing the freeze-thaw cycling and provided very similar results to the ones prepared in one-dimensional. Thus, three-dimensional freezing was adopted in this study without access to water (i.e., closed system). The results of this study indicated that the volume of all soil-fly ash mixtures tended to increase after freeze-thaw cycling; however, the volume change was not significant. Resilient modulus tests were conducted on all unstabilized materials, as well as on their mixtures with fly ash, while qu tests were conducted only on fine-grained soil and their fly ash mixtures. The Mr of all mixtures with one exception decreased by an average of 28.5 % when specimens were subjected to freeze-thaw cycling. The drop in the Mr of the specimens leveled off after 5 freeze-thaw cycles. A general trend of higher Mr of materials stabilized with fly ash (from 3 to 168 %), even after freeze-thaw cycles compared to unstabilized material was observed. In general, a reduction in unconfined compressive strength (qu) after freeze-thaw cycles up to 70 % was obtained. However, results showed that qu of stabilized soils that were subjected to freeze-thaw cycles were still higher (from 6 to 157 %) than the qu of unstabilized soils.
Author: M. G. Rosa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fly ash
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
The objective of this research was to develop a freeze-thaw cycling test procedure and to investigate how the volume, moisture content, resilient modulus (Mr), and unconfined compressive strength (qu) of geomaterials, including soils and recycled materials, stabilized with fly ash change after freeze-thaw cycling. Three different types of materials (fine-grained and coarse-grained soils and recycled pavement materials) and five different fly ashes were used at different percentages (10, 12, 14, and 20 % by dry weight). Both one-dimensional and three-dimensional freezing of the specimens were considered. Freezing in three-dimensional was faster in terms of completing the freeze-thaw cycling and provided very similar results to the ones prepared in one-dimensional. Thus, three-dimensional freezing was adopted in this study without access to water (i.e., closed system). The results of this study indicated that the volume of all soil-fly ash mixtures tended to increase after freeze-thaw cycling; however, the volume change was not significant. Resilient modulus tests were conducted on all unstabilized materials, as well as on their mixtures with fly ash, while qu tests were conducted only on fine-grained soil and their fly ash mixtures. The Mr of all mixtures with one exception decreased by an average of 28.5 % when specimens were subjected to freeze-thaw cycling. The drop in the Mr of the specimens leveled off after 5 freeze-thaw cycles. A general trend of higher Mr of materials stabilized with fly ash (from 3 to 168 %), even after freeze-thaw cycles compared to unstabilized material was observed. In general, a reduction in unconfined compressive strength (qu) after freeze-thaw cycles up to 70 % was obtained. However, results showed that qu of stabilized soils that were subjected to freeze-thaw cycles were still higher (from 6 to 157 %) than the qu of unstabilized soils.
Author: Myer Kutz
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118712943
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 768
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Book Description
A comprehensive guide for both fundamentals and real-world applications of environmental engineering Written by noted experts, Handbook of Environmental Engineering offers a comprehensive guide to environmental engineers who desire to contribute to mitigating problems, such as flooding, caused by extreme weather events, protecting populations in coastal areas threatened by rising sea levels, reducing illnesses caused by polluted air, soil, and water from improperly regulated industrial and transportation activities, promoting the safety of the food supply. Contributors not only cover such timely environmental topics related to soils, water, and air, minimizing pollution created by industrial plants and processes, and managing wastewater, hazardous, solid, and other industrial wastes, but also treat such vital topics as porous pavement design, aerosol measurements, noise pollution control, and industrial waste auditing. This important handbook: Enables environmental engineers to treat problems in systematic ways Discusses climate issues in ways useful for environmental engineers Covers up-to-date measurement techniques important in environmental engineering Reviews current developments in environmental law for environmental engineers Includes information on water quality and wastewater engineering Informs environmental engineers about methods of dealing with industrial and municipal waste, including hazardous waste Designed for use by practitioners, students, and researchers, Handbook of Environmental Engineering contains the most recent information to enable a clear understanding of major environmental issues.
Author: Marshall R. Thompson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Road materials
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Book Description
Author: Jamshid Sajadi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete
Languages : en
Pages : 178
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Book Description
Author: Barry J. Dempsey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Road materials
Languages : en
Pages : 82
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Book Description
Author: Marshall R. Thompson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pavements
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Book Description
Author: Maria G. Rosa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 384
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Book Description
Author: Chengsheng Ouyang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Book Description
The freeze-thaw resistance of concretes was studied. Nine concrete mixes, made with five cements and cement-Class C fly ash combinations, were exposed to freeze-thaw cycling following 110 to 222 days of moist curing. Prior to the freeze-thaw cycling, the specimens were examined by a low-vacuum scanning electron microscope (SEN) for their microstructure. The influcence of a wet/dry treatment was also studied. Infilling of ettringite in entrained air voids was observed in the concretes tested. The extent of the infilling depends on the period of moist curing as well as the wet/dry treatment. The concretes with 15% Class C fly ash replacement show more infilling in their air voids. It was found that the influence of the infilling on the freeze-thaw durability relates to the air spacing factor. The greater the spacing factor, the more expansion under the freeze-thaw cycling. The infilling seems to decrease effective air content and to increase effective spacing factor. The infilling also implies that the filled air voids are water-accessible. These might lead to concrete more vulnerable to the freeze-thaw attack. By combining the above results with field observations, one may conclude that the freeze-thaw damage is a factor related to premature deterioration of PCC pavements in Iowa.
Author: Sam G. Moussalli
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fly ash
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
Fly ash was used in this evaluation study to replace 15% of the cement in Class C-3 concrete paving mixes.
Author: BW. Langan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Book Description
This investigation studied the effect of interrupted testing combined with prolonged freezing on the freeze-thaw resistance of concretes containing fly ash as part of the cementitious fraction, using ASTM Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing (C 666-84, Method A). Also studied was the effect of "marginal" air contents on the above test parameters. Test results indicate that for fly ash concretes with air contents in excess of 5%, interrupted and/or prolonged periods of freezing do not affect the freeze-thaw resistance of the concrete. Early age freezing (14 days) of fly ash concretes did not appear to be detrimental to the performance of the fly ash concretes tested.
