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Author: Erik Jan Aarnoutse
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 9783898737210
Category :
Languages : de
Pages : 129
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Book Description
Author: Erik Jan Aarnoutse
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 9783898737210
Category :
Languages : de
Pages : 129
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Book Description
Author: Bertram Payne
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080525326
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 733
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Book Description
Written by experts on the forefront of investigations of brain function, vision, and perception, the material presented is of an unparalleled scientific quality, and shows that analyses of enormous breadth and sophistication are required to probe the structure and function of brain regions. The articles are highly persuasive in showing what can be achieved by carrying out careful and imaginative experiments. The Cat Primary Visual Cortex should emerge as essential reading for all those interested in cerebral cortical processing of visual signals or researching or working in any field of vision. Comprehensive account of cat primary visual cortex Generous use of illustrations including color Covers research from structure to connections to functions Chapters by leaders in the field Topics presneted on multiple, compatible levels
Author: Helga Kolb
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Paul Bush
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Author: Yannick Passarelli
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The principle of efficient coding suggests that processing in the early visual system should be optimized and adapted to the environmental statistics. An intracellular study of the primary visual cortex (V1) in the anesthetized and paralyzed cat showed that the reliability of the neural response is optimized for natural statistics. Using the same natural and artificial stimuli, we recorded the neuronal population activity (single unit, multi-unit and local field potentials) in cat's V1 with high-density linear silicon probes. We first investigated the reliability and of the mesoscopic signal with the intracellular signal and explored its laminar dependency. Our results showed that natural images evoke, at all scales, the most reliable response, suggesting that V1 is better suited to efficiently encode natural statistics. In addition, granular and infragranular layers displayed higher reliability levels than the supragranular one. This argues for a functional filtering of the pertinent information between these layers. We also explored which statistics of the natural images produce this reliable response. Finally, we specifically addressed the role of the correlations between neurons (within and between layers) by measuring the amount of shared variability and signal of the neuronal population in response to our stimulus set. We observed that natural images always evoked higher correlations. We did not observe a strong decorrelation at the single cell level but instead at the scale of groups of neurons, with those that are close together being more correlated and farther apart less correlated, arguing for a functional clustering of the neurons into coherent “neural mass”.
Author: John Farquhar Fulton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nervous system
Languages : en
Pages : 667
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Author: Anton E. Krukowski
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 382
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Author: Nayan Chanauria
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
In the cat primary visual cortex (V1 or area17), neurons fundamentally respond to orientations of the objects in the outside world. Neurons responding to specific orientations form the orientation columns in V1. A neuron responding to a horizontal orientation will get optimally excited towards the outline of a horizontal object. This feature of the visual cortex known as orientation selectivity has been continuously explored to study the effects of adaptation. Following a training paradigm called adaptation, the same neuron that was inherently responding to the horizontal orientation will respond to an oblique orientation. In this thesis, we seek to examine the orientation tuning properties of individual neurons in superficial and deeper layers of V1 in different adaptation environments. Due to the extensive interconnectivity between V1 neurons, we hypothesize that not only do individual neurons get affected by adaptation paradigm, but the whole cortex is reprogramed. To this aim, extracellular recordings were performed in conventionally prepared anesthetized cats. Neural activities were recorded simultaneously from layer 2/3 and layer 5/6 using a tungsten multichannel electrode. Neurons were adapted with a visual adapter (visual adaptation) and a repetitive sound (sound adaptation) in two different settings. Both types of adaptations were performed uninterrupted for 12 minutes. In both settings, sine-wave drifting gratings were presented to evoke responses in V1 and generate tuning curves from the recorded multiunit activity. The functional connectivity between the recorded neurons was revealed by computing cross-correlation between individual neuron pairs. In response to visual adaptation, layer 2/3 and 5/6 neurons displayed classical attractive and repulsive shifts. On comparing the behaviour of the neurons in either layer, an equivalent tendency was observed. Cross-correlograms between the spike trains of neurons in layers 2/3 and 5/6 revealed synchronized firing between the neurons suggesting coordinated dynamics of the co-active neurons and their functional connections. During sound adaptation, where the visual adapter was completely absent, shifts in the tuning curves were observed in either layer indicating a novel orientation selectivity. However, it is noteworthy that cells in both layers shifted in opposite directions indicating independent behaviour. V1 neurons might have an additional role besides processing visual stimuli. The visual neurons may have demonstrated multisensory properties when stimulated indirectly through neighbouring sensory regions. Our results indicate that primary visual neurons can be evoked by direct or indirect stimulation. The difference in the responses of layer 2/3 and layer 5/6 neurons towards the different adaptation environments indicate that neurons in V1 may behave similar or different towards the different sensory stimulus. This suggests that V1 responses are stimulus dependent. Additionally, the synchronized firing of layer 2/3 and layer 5/6 neurons towards visual adapter signify an existence of functional connectivity between the neuron pairs. Together, it can be summarised that visual neurons undergo an alteration of selectivity by building new orientation maps that ultimately potentiates plasticity within sensory regions that are highly suggestive of entire cortex being multisensory.
Author: Stacia Robin Friedman-Hill
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 472
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Book Description
Author: Robert B. Pinter
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351091964
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 553
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Book Description
This text brings to vision research a treatment different from that often found in books on the subject in its emphasis on nonlinear aspects of vision, from human perception to eye cells of the fly. There is considerable emphasis on mathematics, which forms not only models but the algorithms for processing data.
