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Author: Gloria L. Gallardo Fernandez
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351765477
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 369
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Book Description
This title was first published in 2002. While capitalism continues to convert former communal land into private property, communal ownership still exists throughout the world. By examining the agricultural communities of Chile's semi-arid Norte Chico region where the land commons are predominant, Gloria Gallardo Fernandez investigates the historical origins, emergence, socio-economic context and current development of this form of land tenure. The case study is contrasted with communal land areas in Mexico, South Africa, Switzerland and the UK, whose distinct historical and socio-politcal developments are also explored. This investigation documents almost four centuries, stemming from colonial archival sources, and thus fills the theoretical and empirical gap in the literature about this form of commons.
Author: Gloria L. Gallardo Fernandez
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351765477
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 369
Get Book Here
Book Description
This title was first published in 2002. While capitalism continues to convert former communal land into private property, communal ownership still exists throughout the world. By examining the agricultural communities of Chile's semi-arid Norte Chico region where the land commons are predominant, Gloria Gallardo Fernandez investigates the historical origins, emergence, socio-economic context and current development of this form of land tenure. The case study is contrasted with communal land areas in Mexico, South Africa, Switzerland and the UK, whose distinct historical and socio-politcal developments are also explored. This investigation documents almost four centuries, stemming from colonial archival sources, and thus fills the theoretical and empirical gap in the literature about this form of commons.
Author: Amy Eisenberg
Publisher: University of Alabama Press
ISBN: 0817317910
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Explores the relationship between indigenous people, the management of natural resources, and the development process in a modernizing region of Chile Aymara Indians are a geographically isolated, indigenous people living in the Andes Mountains near Chile’s Atacama Desert, one of the most arid regions of the world. As rapid economic growth in the area has begun to divert scarce water to hydroelectric and agricultural projects, the Aymara struggle to maintain their sustainable and traditional systems of water use, agriculture, and pastoralism. In Aymara Indian Perspectives on Development in the Andes, Amy Eisenberg provides a detailed exploration of the ethnoecological dimensions of the tension between the Aymara, whose economic, spiritual, and social life are inextricably tied to land and water, and three major challenges: the paving of Chile Highway 11, the diversion of the Altiplano waters of the Río Lauca for irrigation and power-generation, and Chilean national park policies regarding Aymara communities, their natural resources, and cultural properties within Parque Nacional Lauca, the International Biosphere Reserve. Pursuing collaborative research, Eisenberg performed ethnographic interviews with Aymara people in more than sixteen Andean villages, some at altitudes of 4,600 meters. Drawing upon botany, agriculture, natural history, physical and cultural geography, history, archaeology, and social and environmental impact assessment, she presents deep, multifaceted insights from the Aymara’s point of view. Illustrated with maps and dramatic photographs by John Amato, Aymara Indian Perspectives on Development in the Andes provides an account of indigenous perspectives and concerns related to economic development that will be invaluable to scholars and policy-makers in the fields of natural and cultural resource preservation in and beyond Chile.
Author: Leslie Ray
Publisher: IWGIA
ISBN: 9788791563379
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
This is the first book in English to examine the contemporary Mapuche: their culture, their struggle for autonomy within the modern-day nation state, their religion, language, and distinct identity. Leslie Ray looks back over the history of relations between the Mapuche and the Argentine and Chilean states, and examines issues of ethnicity, biodiversity, and bio-piracy in Mapuche lands today, their struggle for rights over natural resources, and the impact of tourism and neoliberalism. The Mapuche of what is today southern Chile and Argentina were the first and only indigenous peoples on the continent to have their sovereignty legally recognized by the Spanish empire, and their reputation for ferocity and bravery was legendary among the Spanish invaders. Their sense of communal identity and personal courage has forged among the Mapuche a strong instinct for self-preservation over the centuries. Today their struggle continues: neither Chile nor Argentina specifically recognize the rights of indigenous peoples. In recent years disputes over land rights, particularly in Chile, have provoked fierce protests from the Mapuche. In both countries, policies of assimilation have had a disastrous effect on the Mapuche language and cultural integrity. Even so, in recent years the Mapuche have managed a remarkable cultural and political resurgence, in part through a tenacious defense of their ancestral lands and natural resources against marauding multinationals, which has catapulted them to regional and international attention. Leslie Ray has been a freelance translator since the mid 1980s. He has translated a number of books from Italian and Spanish in the fields of architecture, design, and art history. A regular visitor to Argentina since the late eighties, he has worked actively with Mapuche organizations there since the late 1990s. In addition to his work on the Mapuche, he has also published articles on Argentine social, indigenous, and language-related issues for publications as diverse as History Today and The Linguist.
Author: Gloria L. Gallardo Fernandez
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1351660594
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
From Seascapes of extinction to seascapes of confidence. Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries in Chile: El Quisco and Puerto Oscuro by Gloria Gallardo Fernandés is an important contribution to our understanding of the multifaceted challenges underlying sustainable solutions to ecological fisheries, the book describes how, in Chile, indiscriminate harvest of the edible shellfish Concholepas concholepas (false abalone or Loco), has been threatening not only the living of small-scale artisan fishers but also the ecosystem. In an attempt to strengthen the fishers’ livelihoods and at the same time recuperate the fish, the Chilean government introduced the regulatory measure: Management and Exploitation Areas for Benthic Resources (MEABRs), locally known as Management Areas (MAs) and internationally as Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries (TURFs).
Author: Boudewijn Bouckaert
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1849806519
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 351
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Book Description
This book contains illuminating and carefully written literature reviews on the central topics of the economics of property rights and institutions. As a bonus, it includes two fascinating chapters on topics off the beaten path slavery and new types of property rights in environmental goods. This book will be indispensible for students and experienced scholars alike. Eric Posner, University of Chicago Law School, US This study covers property law and property rights, providing a full summary and comprehensive bibliography of the existing law, together with discussion from an economic perspective on the most important aspects of property law. Leading experts have brought together their knowledge and insight on a full range of issues including comparative property law and the history of property law to create a truly autonomous interdisciplinary resource. This essential reference work will strongly appeal to scholars and students enrolled in academic programmes of law and economics. Academic lawyers involved in research and teaching of private (common) law, practicing lawyers in the field of real estate law, as well as economists involved in researching development economics and transition economics will also find this an invaluable resource.
Author: Gloria L. Gallardo Fernandez
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351660624
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
From Seascapes of extinction to seascapes of confidence. Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries in Chile: El Quisco and Puerto Oscuro by Gloria Gallardo Fernandés is an important contribution to our understanding of the multifaceted challenges underlying sustainable solutions to ecological fisheries, the book describes how, in Chile, indiscriminate harvest of the edible shellfish Concholepas concholepas (false abalone or Loco), has been threatening not only the living of small-scale artisan fishers but also the ecosystem. In an attempt to strengthen the fishers’ livelihoods and at the same time recuperate the fish, the Chilean government introduced the regulatory measure: Management and Exploitation Areas for Benthic Resources (MEABRs), locally known as Management Areas (MAs) and internationally as Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries (TURFs).
Author: Michael Albertus
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108835236
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 417
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Book Description
A new understanding of the causes and consequences of incomplete property rights in countries across the world.
Author: Alejandro Mora-Motta
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1003857922
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 229
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Book Description
This book examines how extractivism transforms territories and affects the well-being of rural people, drawing on in-depth fieldwork conducted on tree plantations in Chile. The book argues that pine and eucalyptus monoculture plantations in southern Chile are a form of extractivism representing a mode of nature appropriation that captures large amounts of natural resources to produce wooden-based raw materials with little processing and an export-oriented focus. The book discusses the nexus of extractivism, territorial transformations, well-being, and emerging resistances using a participatory action research methodological approach in the Region of Los Ríos, southern Chile. The findings show how the configuration of an extractivist logging enclave generated a substantial and irrevocable reordering of human-nature relations, resulting in the territorial and ontological occupation of rural places that disrupted the fundamental human needs of peasants and indigenous people. The book maintains that Chile's green growth development approach does not challenge the consolidated tree plantation enclave controlled by large multinationals. Instead, green growth legitimises the extractivist logic. The book draws parallels with other countries and regions to contribute to wider debates surrounding these topics. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of the extractive industries, development studies, political ecology, and natural resource governance.
Author: Catherine M. Ashcraft
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1317509986
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 261
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Book Description
Water scarcity is not simply the result of what nature has to offer but always involves power relations and political decisions. This volume discusses the politics of the freshwater crisis, specifically how access to water is determined in different regions and historical periods, how conflict is constructed and managed, and how identity and efforts to control water systems, through development, technologies, and institutions, shape one another. The book analyzes responses to the water crisis as efforts to mitigate water insecurity and as expressions of collective identity that legitimate, resist, or seek to transform existing inequalities. The chapters focus on different processes that contribute to freshwater scarcity, including land use decisions, pollution, privatization, damming, climate change, discrimination, water management institutions and technology. Case studies are included from North and South America, Africa, Asia, Europe and New Zealand.
Author: Pablo Marshall
Publisher: Lexington Books
ISBN: 1498563155
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 229
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Book Description
Citizenship and Disadvantaged Groups in Chile seeks to overcome an existing void in the literature of Latin American studies addressing the impact of Chile’s post dictatorial legal framework on its historically and structurally disadvantaged groups, concentrating on the various issues and challenges that affect them. Within its eleven chapters it explores the changing social and legal status of LGBTI people, the political disenfranchisement and the social exclusion that affects imprisoned individuals, the harshness of policing on poor and marginalized communities, the deprivation of indigenous peoples of meaningful rights, the vulnerability that affects workers as a consequence of the existing model of labor relations, the disenfranchisement that affects migrants seeking economic opportunities, the denial of citizenship to women involved in the prohibition of abortion, the unsatisfactory regulation of sex work, the prevalence of domestic violence, and the absence of adequate means for disadvantaged groups to institutionalize their political representation. This book offers a distinctive contribution, focusing on a specific country in the Global South that is presently undergoing a process of economic consolidation while facing many of the problems of traditional and unequal Latin American societies.
