Studies of the Coastal Morphology on Surtsey Island PDF Download
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Author: John O. Norrman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coast changes
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Investigations on the shore and offshore morphology of the volcanic island of Surtsey off the southeastern coast of Iceland are reported. The volcanic activity that started as a submarine explosion in November 1963 ended in June 1967. A photogrammetric map of the island is in preparation. During the winter 1967/68 there was a rapid retreat of the lava cliff on the southern coast. The cliff is 10-15 m in height. The maximum retreat was 140 m and the average retreat about 75 m. The amount of lava removed by erosion is estimated at 2 million cubic meters. The shoals of former cinder-cone islands (Surtla, Syrtlingur, and Jolnir), contemporaneously built up, were found to have been abraded during the last winter. The plateaus of Jolnir and Surtla had been lowered several meters. The submarine slopes of Surtsey were investigated by SCUBA diving down to a maximum of 40 m in depth. The sandy material of the slopes of the northern point is deposited at the frictional angle of repose. There is active avalanching on these slopes. On the slopes of the southern coast angular blocks dominate. (Author).
Author: John O. Norrman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coast changes
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Book Description
Investigations on the shore and offshore morphology of the volcanic island of Surtsey off the southeastern coast of Iceland are reported. The volcanic activity that started as a submarine explosion in November 1963 ended in June 1967. A photogrammetric map of the island is in preparation. During the winter 1967/68 there was a rapid retreat of the lava cliff on the southern coast. The cliff is 10-15 m in height. The maximum retreat was 140 m and the average retreat about 75 m. The amount of lava removed by erosion is estimated at 2 million cubic meters. The shoals of former cinder-cone islands (Surtla, Syrtlingur, and Jolnir), contemporaneously built up, were found to have been abraded during the last winter. The plateaus of Jolnir and Surtla had been lowered several meters. The submarine slopes of Surtsey were investigated by SCUBA diving down to a maximum of 40 m in depth. The sandy material of the slopes of the northern point is deposited at the frictional angle of repose. There is active avalanching on these slopes. On the slopes of the southern coast angular blocks dominate. (Author).
Author: John O. Norrman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 10
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Book Description
Author: Vanda Claudino-Sales
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9402415289
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 602
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Book Description
This book presents the natural, environmental and scenic richness of the world’s coastal and marine areas classified by UNESCO as “Natural World Heritage Sites”. Representing well-preserved areas of exceptional significance to the planet and to humankind, they include a total of 49 marine sites, formed by reefs, atolls and gulfs, and 35 coastal sites in all oceans and all continents with exception of Antarctica. They are being protected and preserved from most degrading uses for future generations as an important legacy from the past. Exploring their richness, this book analyzes and explains these sites in a clear, understandable, scientific way, and is of interest to all who work in or care about the geosciences, environmental sciences and biosciences.
Author: D.M. Kennedy
Publisher: Geological Society of London
ISBN: 1862396841
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 291
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Book Description
Rocky landforms dominate large portions of the world’s coast. Cliffs and shore platforms form spectacular landscapes, yet when compared to other landforms they are relatively unstudied with many contemporary controversies dating back to the mid-nineteenth century. The past decade has seen a reinvigoration of research driven by advances in technology that now enable precise measurements of erosion to the micron scale and quantification of wave energy onto and through cliff edifices to be made, as well as being able to directly date rock surfaces. In order to integrate this diverse range of research this volume’s regional approach first integrates the latest data with longstanding theory and then analyses this research through the boundary conditions that exist in each area. The volume brings together the research leaders in the field; includes chapters on nearly all the major rock coasts of the world and identifies future research needs.
Author: Sturla Fridriksson
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483100405
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 225
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Book Description
Surtsey: Evolution of Life on a Volcanic Island focuses on the origin of life in the island of Surtsey. The book first offers information on the Surtsey Research Society, conservation measures, and scientists that comprise the Surtsey research team. The text then focuses on the submarine eruptions off the coasts of Iceland, the flow of lava, and the formation and disappearance of islets. The book also describes the landscape that came about after the eruption. The tephra cones of the Surtur I and II craters, lava, coastal plains, and thermal areas are discussed. The text also underscores the ecological aspects of the eruption. The Icelandic biota and ecological studies on the island are discussed. The text also traces the origin of life in the island, including the dispersal of seeds by birds and “Mermaids purses.“ The text also underscores the origin of marine algae and marine fauna on the island. The book then emphasizes the presence of bacteria, molds, lichens, mosses, terrestrial animals, birds, and vascular plants in the island. The text also examines the outer Westman Islands. Topographical features, method of research, plant communities, and vegetation of the smaller islands are described. The book also notes the vegetation of Heimaey and the effects of insular eruptions on the southern coast of Iceland. The text is a good source of reference for readers wanting to study volcanic eruptions.
Author: Donald B. Stafford
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Beach erosion
Languages : en
Pages : 138
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Book Description
Author: Eric C. F. Bird
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119964350
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 469
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Book Description
Coastal Geomorphology, Second Edition is a comprehensive and systematic introduction to this subject and demonstrates the dynamic nature of coastal landforms, providing a background for analytical planning and management strategies in coastal areas that are subject to continuing changes. This introductory textbook has been completely revised and updated, and is accompanied by a website which provides additional illustrations, global examples, case-studies and more detailed and advanced information on topics referenced in the book, together with explanations of terminology, annotated references and research material.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 310
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 710
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Book Description
Author: Defense Documentation Center (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soil erosion
Languages : en
Pages : 402
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Book Description
