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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 303
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Book Description
In the evolution of Air Traffic Control certain important phases can be identified. Until recently, these phases were usually characterized by the advent of a particular technical or technological development. A first phase which roughly covered the period 1930-1950 was characterized by manual operation, visual surveillance, time separation of aircraft, the use of radio for communication and low frequency aids for navigation. A second phase which extended, say, from the late 1950's until about 1970 was essentially characterized by the introduction and extensive use of two techniques: radar, both primary and secondary, for surveillance and VOR/DME for navigation. Then, from the late 1960's onwards, the introduction of the computer in to ATC opens a new era: flight plans and radar data processing, synthetic data displays and digital communications. In some systems, automation is already providing systematic back-up for the controller and this phase of automation is only just starting. In the early 1970's, a new and completely different phase started in parallel and is continuing. It is a phase not related to any particular technological developments but one born of concern shown by both the users of the airspace and the authorities responsible for the ATC services for economy and concern expressed by the community regarding the conservation of natural resources, in general, and the impact which further development of aviation can have on ecology, in particular. In this era, demands and constraints issued from various sources are no longer simple and may even contain some degree of contradiction. Consequently, present overall requirements for aviation operation have reached a high level of complexity.
Author: H. E. Engel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 102
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Book Description
Engel, H. E. ;MTR-2372F19628-73-C-0001AF-691AESDTR-72-334(*air traffic control systems, interfaces), management engineering, civil aviation, military requirements, operationInterfaces between military and civilian users of the airspace are shown to exist in four major areas: agreements, operations, organization and equipment. The interfaces permit safe operation of civilian aircraft in the common ATC system and allow operation of military aircraft in both the common system and within the requirements of special military command/control systems. The paper does a detailed examination of these four areas. The paper concludes with an examination of current trends in ATC system concepts. (Author).
Author: Walter Schwenk
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9041104976
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 330
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Book Description
This volume discusses various institutional, legal and operational aspects related to the provision of air navigation services, taking particular consideration of the current implementation of a new generation of communications, navigation and surveillance systems for future air traffic management (CNS/ATM). The primary intent is to critically review the current mechanisms for international co-operation in this field. Particularly in Europe, many efforts have been undertaken to enhance air traffic management by harmonization and integration of national developments but many parties claim that these are still insufficient and the processes are still dominated by the individual States. Following a short description of the historical developments, the global framework of cooperation established through ICAO is described, supplemented with a description of some multilateral organizations active in the field of air traffic management on a regional basis. The basic technological and operational changes envisaged with the implementation of the Future Air Navigation Systems (FANS) are described and, based on these, related institutional and legal aspects are discussed. Particular emphasis is given to developments in Europe, where during the last four decades several initiatives for enhancing the cooperation of States could not overcome the fragmentation of the airspace. The decisions of February 1997 of the ECAC Ministers of Transport on an Institutional Strategy are reflected. One chapter is devoted to questions of liability in air traffic management which are of particular importance with regard to international cooperation.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air traffic control
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Air traffic control must be fully integrated in a theater of operations to enable an operational commander to most effectively achieve tactical, operational, and strategic aims. The international aviation environment is increasingly complex and unreceptive to military operations perceived as jeopardizing safety or infringing on airspace access. Integrating air traffic during operations other than war (OOTW) is particularly problematic due to the high volume and complexity introduced by civil aircraft in a more permissive environment. Aircraft mishaps involving civil aircraft are so visible that a single incident can damage the credibility of the United States and legitimacy of an operation. A global movement led by the International Civil Aviation Organization, affiliated with the UN, is aggressively addressing international aviation safety problems - including the perceived dangers and intrusiveness that military operations present to civil aircraft. A lack of understanding and focus on air traffic functions contributed to the Black Hawk fratricide incident during Operation Provide Comfort, resulted in inadequate situational awareness during Operation Desert Storm, and have inadequately prepared AWACS to handle the complex and evolving airspace over Bosnia-Herzegovina. Fully integrating military and civil air traffic in a theater of operations can improve the operational commander's ability to shape the battlespace, achieve unity of effort, reduce fratricide, respond more effectively to evolving conditions, and positively shape international opinion.
Author: James Andrew Lewis
Publisher: CSIS
ISBN: 9780892064472
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
Author: Myriame T.I.B. Bollen
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317101928
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Civil-military cooperation has always been a key factor in both peace and conflict situations, and is vital in today's political climate. This indispensable volume analyzes the various types of civil-military cooperation across different settings and contexts, to include humanitarian operations such as emergency relief following tsunami, earthquakes and refugee crises, as well as stability and reconstruction operations such as those in Afghanistan and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The book contains contributions from both senior academics and practitioners such as military officers and humanitarian personnel and discusses the benefits and logistics of civil-military cooperation. It closes with recommendations that will be of value to both academics and practitioners, making it a must read for anyone interested or involved in these operations.
Author: Margaret Arblaster
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128111194
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
Air Traffic Management: Economics Regulation and Governance provides the latest insights on approaches and issues surrounding the economic regulation and governance of air traffic management (ATM). The book begins by explaining what ATM is, showing its importance within the aviation industry. It then outlines the unique institutional characteristics that govern ATM, also discussing its implications for economic regulation and investment. Technological developments and the issues and approaches to safety regulation are also covered, as are the implications ATM has on airports. The book concludes with an exploration of future directions, including the entry of drones into airspace and the introduction of competition in ATM services Air traffic management plays a critical role in air transport, impacting both air safety and the efficiency of air services. Yet air navigation services are shifting from government provision to private industry, creating the need for more critical analysis of governance and economic regulation within the ATM industry. Consolidates the latest economic regulation and reform material regarding air traffic management Provides numerous practical examples and real-world case studies drawn from around the globe Explores economic regulation in both larger and smaller economies Written from an objective, informed and practical perspective by an experienced regulation practitioner and researcher
Author: Robert J. Butler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 23
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Book Description
Ever since the Nixon administration, the United States has pursued a policy of engagement with the People's Republic of China. The Clinton administration focused its China policy on constructive engagement through new bilateral initiatives, like the Joint Defense Conversion Commission. As this case study explains, beginning in 1994, the JDCC discussion of air traffic control issues fostered joint civil-military engagement between the two nations. The authors then review specific lessons learned and offer recommendations for managing a bilateral dialogue on ATC matters.