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Languages : en
Pages : 10
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Book Description
This project is designed to develop engineering and modeling tools for a family of NO(subscript x) control technologies utilizing biomass as a reburning fuel. The sixth reporting period (January 1--March 31, 1999) included CFD modeling and assessment of available experimental and modeling data on biomass reburning. Experimental and modeling data obtained within scope of this and Phase II SBIR USDA projects were reviewed and analyzed. This work was necessary to summarize available data and to make decision about additional efforts that are necessary for successful completion of the DOE FETC project. These efforts resulted in preparation of the paper entitled ''Kinetic Study of Biomass Reburning'' which was presented at the 1999 Joint Meeting of the United States Sections of the Combustion Institute. The paper is included in Attachment A.
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Languages : en
Pages : 10
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Book Description
This project is designed to develop engineering and modeling tools for a family of NO(subscript x) control technologies utilizing biomass as a reburning fuel. The sixth reporting period (January 1--March 31, 1999) included CFD modeling and assessment of available experimental and modeling data on biomass reburning. Experimental and modeling data obtained within scope of this and Phase II SBIR USDA projects were reviewed and analyzed. This work was necessary to summarize available data and to make decision about additional efforts that are necessary for successful completion of the DOE FETC project. These efforts resulted in preparation of the paper entitled ''Kinetic Study of Biomass Reburning'' which was presented at the 1999 Joint Meeting of the United States Sections of the Combustion Institute. The paper is included in Attachment A.
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Languages : en
Pages : 5
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This report presents results of studies under a Phase II SBIR program funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and a closely coordinated project sponsored by the DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL, formerly FETC). The overall Phase II objective of the SBIR project is to experimentally optimize the biomass reburning technologies and conduct engineering design studies needed for process demonstration at full scale. The DOE project addresses supporting issues for the process design including modeling activities, economic studies of biomass handling, and experimental evaluation of slagging and fouling. The performance of biomass has been examined in a 300 kW (1 x 106 Btu/hr) Boiler Simulator Facility under different experimental conditions. Fuels under investigation include furniture waste, willow wood and walnut shells. Tests showed that furniture pellets and walnut shells provided similar NO(subscript x) control as that of natural gas in basic reburning at low heat inputs. Maximum NO(subscript x) reduction achieved with walnut shell and furniture pellets was 65% and 58% respectively. Willow wood provided a maximum NO(subscript x) reduction of 50% and was no better than natural gas at any condition tested. The efficiency of biomass increases when N-agent is injected into reburning and/or burnout zones, or along with OFA (Advanced Reburning). Co-injection of Na2CO3 with N-agent further increases efficiency of NO(subscript x) reduction. Maximum NO(subscript x) reduction achieved with furniture pellets and willow wood in Advanced Reburning was 83% and 78% respectively. All combustion experiments of the Phase II project have been completed. All objectives of the experimental tasks were successfully met. The kinetic model of biomass reburning has been developed. Model agrees with experimental data for a wide range of initial conditions and thus correctly represents main features of the reburning process. Modeling suggests that the most important factors that provide high efficiency of biomass in reburning are low fuel-N content and high content of alkali metals in ash. These results indicate that the efficiency of biomass as a reburning fuel may be predicted based on its ultimate, proximate, and ash analyses. The results of experimental and kinetic modeling studies were utilized in applying a validated methodology for reburning system design to biomass reburning in a typical coal-fired boiler. Based on the trends in biomass reburning performance and the characteristics of the boiler under study, a preliminary process design for biomass reburning was developed. Physical flow models were applied to specific injection parameters and operating scenarios, to assess the mixing performance of reburning fuel and overfire air jets which is of paramount importance in achieving target NO(subscript x) control performance. The two preliminary cases studied showed potential as candidate reburning designs, and demonstrated that similar mixing performance could be achieved in operation with different quantities of reburning fuel. Based upon this preliminary evaluation, EER has determined that reburning and advanced reburning technologies can be successfully applied using biomass. Pilot-scale studies on biomass reburning conducted by EER have indicated that biomass is an excellent reburning fuel. This generic design study provides a template approach for future demonstrations in specific installations.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 39
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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This project is designed to develop engineering and modeling tools for a family of NO(subscript x) control technologies utilizing biomass as a reburning fuel. During the seventh reporting period (April 1--June 30, 1999), no information was received at EER on scheduled FETC R & D group's project activities. EER activities were on hold due to the pending purchase of the Niagara Mohawk's Dunkirk Station, a target demonstration site in this program, and then by the actual purchase of the Station by NRG. This report includes information about the current project status, recently submitted to NRG for soliciting their interest to proceed with biomass reburn demonstration, and notes on alternative demonstrative partners.
Author: Giacomo Colmegna
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Coal fired power plants will face many challenges in the near future as new regulations, such as the Clear Sky Act, are being implemented. These regulations impose much stricter limits on NOx emissions and plan to impose limits on mercury emissions from coal fired boilers. At this time no technologies are currently being implemented for control of Hg and this explains the strong interest in this area by the Department of Energy (DOE). Reburn technology is a very promising technology to reduce NOx emissions. Previous experimental research at TAMU reported that Feedlot Biomass (FB) can be a very effective reburn fuel, for reduction of NOx up to 90%-95%; however, little work has been done to model such a process with Feedlot Biomass as reburn fuel. The present work addresses the development of a reburn model to predict NOx and Hg emissions. The model accounts for finite rate of heating of solid fuel particles, mixing with NOx laden hot gases, size distribution, finite gas phase and heterogeneous chemistry, and oxidation and reduction reactions for NOx and Hg. To reduce the computational effort all the reactions, except those involved in mercury oxidation, are modeled using global reactions. Once the model was validated by comparison with experimental findings, extensive parametric studies were performed to evaluate the parameters controlling NOx reduction. From DOE research programs some experimental data regarding the capture of mercury from power plant is available, but currently no experimental data are available for Hg emission with reburn process. This model has shown a very large mercury reduction using biomass as a reburn fuel. The model recommends the following correlations for optimum reduction of NOx: Equivalence Ratio should be above 1.05; mixing time should be below 100ms (especially for biomass); pure air can be used as the carrier gas; the thermal power fraction of the reburner should be between 15% and 25%; residence time should be at least 0.5s and the Surface Mean Diameter (SMD) of the size distribution should be as small as possible, at least below 100 [micron].
Author: Jaap Koppejan
Publisher: Earthscan
ISBN: 1849773041
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 465
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Book Description
This unique handbook presents both the theory and application of biomass combustion and co-firing, from basic principles to industrial combustion and environmental impact, in a clear and comprehensive manner. It offers a solid grounding on biomass combustion, and advice on improving combustion systems.Written by leading international academics and industrial experts, and prepared under the auspices of the IEA Bioenergy Implementing Agreement, the handbook is an essential resource for anyone interested in biomass combustion and co-firing technologies varying from domestic woodstoves to utility-scale power generation. The book covers subjects including biomass fuel pre-treatment and logistics, modelling the combustion process and ash-related issues, as well as featuring an overview of the current R&D needs regarding biomass combustion.
Author: Joel S. Levine
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262122016
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 646
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Book Description
Global Biomass Burning provides a convenient and current reference on such topics as the remote sensing of biomass burning from space, the geographical distribution of burning; the combustion products of burning in tropical, temperate, and boreal ecosystems; burning as a global source of atmospheric gases and particulates; the impact of biomass burning gases and particulates on global climate; and the role of biomass burning on biodiversity and past global extinctions."--Pub. desc.
Author: Yatish T. Shah
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315305933
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1112
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Book Description
The book details sources of thermal energy, methods of capture, and applications. It describes the basics of thermal energy, including measuring thermal energy, laws of thermodynamics that govern its use and transformation, modes of thermal energy, conventional processes, devices and materials, and the methods by which it is transferred. It covers 8 sources of thermal energy: combustion, fusion (solar) fission (nuclear), geothermal, microwave, plasma, waste heat, and thermal energy storage. In each case, the methods of production and capture and its uses are described in detail. It also discusses novel processes and devices used to improve transfer and transformation processes.
Author: Shiquan Zhou
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315667983
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 2914
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Book Description
Advances in Energy Equipment Science and Engineering contains selected papers from the 2015 International Conference on Energy Equipment Science and Engineering (ICEESE 2015, Guangzhou, China, 30-31 May 2015). The topics covered include:- Advanced design technology- Energy and chemical engineering- Energy and environmental engineering- Energy scien
